Chapter 10 Quiz

Which of the following statements about binary fission is false? a) In both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the outcome of cell reproduction is a pair of daughter cells, which are genetically identical to the parent cell. b) Karyokinesis is unnecessary in prokaryotes because there is no nucleus. c) Replication of the prokaryotic chromosome begins at the origin of replication and continues in both directions at once. d) The mitotic spindle draws the duplicated chromosomes to the opposite ends of the cell followed by formation of a septum and two daughter cells.

The mitotic spindle draws the duplicated chromosomes to the opposite ends of the cell followed by formation of a septum and two daughter cells.

Which of the following is the best definition for "mitotic spindle?" protein structure associated with the centromere of each sister chromatid that attracts and binds spindle microtubules during prometaphase b) structure formed during plant cell cytokinesis by Golgi vesicles, forming a temporary structure (phragmoplast) and fusing at the metaphase plate; ultimately leads to the formation of cell walls that separate the two daughter cells c) apparatus composed of microtubules that orchestrates the movement of chromosomes during mitosis d) constriction formed by an actin ring during cytokinesis in animal cells that leads to cytoplasmic division

apparatus composed of microtubules that orchestrates the movement of chromosomes during mitosis

Which of the following is the best definition for "haploid?" a) physical and functional unit of heredity, a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein. b) cell, nucleus, or organism containing two sets of chromosomes (2n) c) cell, nucleus, or organism containing one set of chromosomes (n)

cell, nucleus, or organism containing one set of chromosomes (n)

Which of the following is the best definition for "diploid?" single DNA molecule of two strands of duplicated DNA and associated proteins held together at the centromere b) cell, nucleus, or organism containing two sets of chromosomes (2n) c) region at which sister chromatids are bound together; a constricted area in condensed chromosomes d) haploid reproductive cell or sex cell (sperm, pollen grain, or egg)

cell, nucleus, or organism containing two sets of chromosomes (2n)

Which of the following is the best definition for "homologous chromosomes?" ) region at which sister chromatids are bound together; a constricted area in condensed chromosomes b) cell, nucleus, or organism containing two sets of chromosomes (2n) c) chromosomes of the same morphology with genes in the same location d) cell, nucleus, or organism containing one set of chromosomes (n)

chromosomes of the same morphology with genes in the same location

Which of the following is the best definition for "cleavage furrow?" protein structure associated with the centromere of each sister chromatid that attracts and binds spindle microtubules during prometaphase b) structure formed during plant cell cytokinesis by Golgi vesicles, forming a temporary structure (phragmoplast) and fusing at the metaphase plate; ultimately leads to the formation of cell walls that separate the two daughter cells c) apparatus composed of microtubules that orchestrates the movement of chromosomes during mitosis d) constriction formed by an actin ring during cytokinesis in animal cells that leads to cytoplasmic division

constriction formed by an actin ring during cytokinesis in animal cells that leads to cytoplasmic division

Which of the following is the best definition for "cytokinesis?" a) mitotic nuclear division b) division of the cytoplasm following mitosis that forms two daughter cells. c) prokaryotic cell division process d) period of the cell cycle leading up to mitosis; includes G1, S, and G2 phases (the interim period between two consecutive cell divisions)

division of the cytoplasm following mitosis that forms two daughter cells.

Which of the following is the best definition for "G1 phase?" third phase of interphase, which involves final preparations for mitosis b) second stage of interphase during which DNA replication occurs c) first phase of interphase centered on cell growth d) quiescent phase in which a cell is not preparing to divide

first phase of interphase centered on cell growth

Which of the following is the best definition for "histone?" single DNA molecule of two strands of duplicated DNA and associated proteins held together at the centromere b) region at which sister chromatids are bound together; a constricted area in condensed chromosomes c) physical and functional unit of heredity, a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein. d) one of several similar, highly conserved, low molecular weight, basic proteins found in the chromatin of all eukaryotic cells; associates with DNA to form nucleosomes

one of several similar, highly conserved, low molecular weight, basic proteins found in the chromatin of all eukaryotic cells; associates with DNA to form nucleosomes

Which of the following is the best definition for "cell cycle?" division of the cytoplasm following mitosis that forms two daughter cells. b) mitotic nuclear division c) ordered sequence of events that a cell passes through between one cell division and the next d) prokaryotic cell division process

ordered sequence of events that a cell passes through between one cell division and the next

Which of the following is the best definition for "interphase?" stage of mitosis during which sister chromatids are separated from each other b) period of the cell cycle leading up to mitosis; includes G1, S, and G2 phases (the interim period between two consecutive cell divisions) c) stage of mitosis during which chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate d) stage of mitosis during which chromosomes arrive at opposite poles, decondense, and are surrounded by a new nuclear envelope

period of the cell cycle leading up to mitosis; includes G1, S, and G2 phases (the interim period between two consecutive cell divisions)

Which of the following is the best definition for "gene?" region at which sister chromatids are bound together; a constricted area in condensed chromosomes b) physical and functional unit of heredity, a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein. c) single DNA molecule of two strands of duplicated DNA and associated proteins held together at the centromere d) total genetic information of a cell or organism

physical and functional unit of heredity, a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein.

Which of the following is the best definition for "locus?" position of a gene on a chromosome b) region at which sister chromatids are bound together; a constricted area in condensed chromosomes c) total genetic information of a cell or organism d) haploid reproductive cell or sex cell (sperm, pollen grain, or egg)

position of a gene on a chromosome

Which of the following is the best definition for "binary fission?" a) division of the cytoplasm following mitosis that forms two daughter cells. b) period of the cell cycle during which the duplicated chromosomes are separated into identical nuclei; includes prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase c) prokaryotic cell division process

prokaryotic cell division process

Which of the following is the best definition for "kinetochore?" protein structure associated with the centromere of each sister chromatid that attracts and binds spindle microtubules during prometaphase b) structure formed during plant cell cytokinesis by Golgi vesicles, forming a temporary structure (phragmoplast) and fusing at the metaphase plate; ultimately leads to the formation of cell walls that separate the two daughter cells c) apparatus composed of microtubules that orchestrates the movement of chromosomes during mitosis d) constriction formed by an actin ring during cytokinesis in animal cells that leads to cytoplasmic division

protein structure associated with the centromere of each sister chromatid that attracts and binds spindle microtubules during prometaphase

Which of the following is the best definition for "centromere?" single DNA molecule of two strands of duplicated DNA and associated proteins held together at the centromere b) cell, nucleus, or organism containing two sets of chromosomes (2n) c) region at which sister chromatids are bound together; a constricted area in condensed chromosomes d) haploid reproductive cell or sex cell (sperm, pollen grain, or egg)

region at which sister chromatids are bound together; a constricted area in condensed chromosomes

Which of the following is the best definition for "centriole?" structure formed during plant cell cytokinesis by Golgi vesicles, forming a temporary structure (phragmoplast) and fusing at the metaphase plate; ultimately leads to the formation of cell walls that separate the two daughter cells b) rod-like structure constructed of microtubules at the center of each animal cell centrosome c) structure formed in a bacterial cell as a precursor to the separation of the cell into two daughter cells d) constriction formed by an actin ring during cytokinesis in animal cells that leads to cytoplasmic division

rod-like structure constructed of microtubules at the center of each animal cell centrosome

Which of the following is the best definition for "S phase?" third phase of interphase, which involves final preparations for mitosis b) second stage of interphase during which DNA replication occurs c) first phase of interphase centered on cell growth during mitosis d) quiescent phase in which a cell is not preparing to divide

second stage of interphase during which DNA replication occurs

Which of the following is the best definition for "chromatid?" haploid reproductive cell or sex cell (sperm, pollen grain, or egg) b) one of several similar, highly conserved, low molecular weight, basic proteins found in the chromatin of all eukaryotic cells; associates with DNA to form nucleosomes c) physical and functional unit of heredity, a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein. d) single DNA molecule of two strands of duplicated DNA and associated proteins held together at the centromere

single DNA molecule of two strands of duplicated DNA and associated proteins held together at the centromere

What are identical copies of chromatin held together by cohesin at the centromere called? histones b) nucleosomes c) chromatin d) sister chromatids

sister chromatids

Which of the following is the best definition for "metaphase?" a) stage of mitosis during which sister chromatids are separated from each other b) period of the cell cycle leading up to mitosis; includes G1, S, and G2 phases (the interim period between two consecutive cell divisions) c) stage of mitosis during which chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate d) stage of mitosis during which chromosomes arrive at opposite poles, decondense, and are surrounded by a new nuclear envelope

stage of mitosis during which chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate

Which of the following is the best definition for "telophase?" a) stage of mitosis during which sister chromatids are separated from each other b) period of the cell cycle leading up to mitosis; includes G1, S, and G2 phases (the interim period between two consecutive cell divisions) c) stage of mitosis during which chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate d) stage of mitosis during which chromosomes arrive at opposite poles, decondense, and are surrounded by a new nuclear envelope

stage of mitosis during which chromosomes arrive at opposite poles, decondense, and are surrounded by a new nuclear envelope

Which of the following is the best definition for "prophase?" stage of mitosis during which chromosomes arrive at opposite poles, decondense, and are surrounded by a new nuclear envelope b) stage of mitosis during which sister chromatids are separated from each other c) stage of mitosis during which the nuclear membrane breaks down and mitotic spindle fibers attach to kinetochores d) stage of mitosis during which chromosomes condense and the mitotic spindle begins to form

stage of mitosis during which chromosomes condense and the mitotic spindle begins to form

Which of the following is the best definition for "anaphase?" stage of mitosis during which sister chromatids are separated from each other b) period of the cell cycle leading up to mitosis; includes G1, S, and G2 phases (the interim period between two consecutive cell divisions) c) stage of mitosis during which chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate d) stage of mitosis during which chromosomes arrive at opposite poles, decondense, and are surrounded by a new nuclear envelope

stage of mitosis during which sister chromatids are separated from each other

Which of the following is the best definition for "genome?" position of a gene on a chromosome b) physical and functional unit of heredity, a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein. c) total genetic information of a cell or organism d) region at which sister chromatids are bound together; a constricted area in condensed chromosomes

total genetic information of a cell or organism

Which of the following is the best definition for "prometaphase?" stage of mitosis during which chromosomes arrive at opposite poles, decondense, and are surrounded by a new nuclear envelope b) stage of mitosis during which sister chromatids are separated from each other c) stage of mitosis during which the nuclear membrane breaks down and mitotic spindle fibers attach to kinetochores d) stage of mitosis during which chromosomes condense and the mitotic spindle begins to form

stage of mitosis during which the nuclear membrane breaks down and mitotic spindle fibers attach to kinetochores

Which of the following is the best definition for "cell plate?" protein structure associated with the centromere of each sister chromatid that attracts and binds spindle microtubules during prometaphase b) structure formed during plant cell cytokinesis by Golgi vesicles, forming a temporary structure (phragmoplast) and fusing at the metaphase plate; ultimately leads to the formation of cell walls that separate the two daughter cells c) apparatus composed of microtubules that orchestrates the movement of chromosomes during mitosis d) constriction formed by an actin ring during cytokinesis in animal cells that leads to cytoplasmic division

structure formed during plant cell cytokinesis by Golgi vesicles, forming a temporary structure (phragmoplast) and fusing at the metaphase plate; ultimately leads to the formation of cell walls that separate the two daughter cells

Which of the following is the best definition for "G2 phase?" third phase of interphase, which involves final preparations for mitosis b) second stage of interphase during which DNA replication occurs c) first phase of interphase centered on cell growth during mitosis d) quiescent phase in which a cell is not preparing to divide

third phase of interphase, which involves final preparations for mitosis