Chapter 5 Reviewset

33. Which of the following statements regarding melanin is true? A. During pregnancy melanin production is increased. B. Both melanocytes and keratinocytes produce melanin. C. In Addison's disease, less melanin is produced. D. Men produce more melanin than women. E. Melanin is a white pigment.

A. During pregnancy melanin production is increased.

64. All of the following statements concerning hair are true except one. Identify the exception. A. The growth rate of all types of hair is the same. B. Hair growth occurs in cycles, with growth and resting stages. C. In pattern baldness, those hair follicles present begin to produce vellus hair. D. Some loss of hair is normal and indicates old hairs are being pushed out by new hairs. E. Genetic factors and testosterone cause pattern baldness.

A. The growth rate of all types of hair is the same.

74. Eccrine sweat glands A. aid in cooling the body. B. serve as "anchors" for the arrector pili muscles. C. produce a secretion that oils the hair and skin. D. produce a secretion that protects the body from growth of bacteria. E. are not involved in the homeostasis of body temperature.

A. aid in cooling the body.

77. Body odor results from secretions from the ______ sweat glands. A. apocrine B. merocrine C. ceruminous D. sebaceous E. eccrine

A. apocrine

106. Which type of skin cancer is the most common? A. basal cell carcinoma B. squamous cell carcinoma C. melanoma D. Kaposi's sarcoma E. psoriasis

A. basal cell carcinoma

43. A victim of an automobile accident goes into shock, which results in decreased blood flow. The victim's skin will A. become pale. B. have a reddish hue. C. develop a yellow tint. D. become bright red. E. not change color.

A. become pale.

100. By reducing body temperature during hot weather, skin helps to maintain A. body temperature homeostasis. B. body structure. C. blood volume. D. brain activity. E. blood pH.

A. body temperature homeostasis.

45. Stretch marks develop on the abdomen of pregnant women because of stretching and rupture of the A. dermis. B. epidermis. C. melanocytes. D. stratum corneum. E. hypodermis.

A. dermis.

53. This layer of skin is composed of keratinocytes. A. epidermis B. reticular layer C. papillary layer D. stretch marks E. hypodermis

A. epidermis

116. A slight sunburn is an example of a ______ burn. A. first-degree B. second-degree C. third-degree D. fourth-degree E. partial-thickness

A. first-degree

90. Intact skin provides protection because A. it forms a physical barrier against the entry of microbes. B. its secretions keep the skin slightly alkaline. C. the skin contains components of the excretory system. D. the skin enhances water loss from the body. E. macrophages roam in the epidermis.

A. it forms a physical barrier against the entry of microbes.

41. The vesicles that contain melanin are A. melanosomes. B. albinism. C. dermatitis. D. carotene. E. cyanosis.

A. melanosomes.

86. The proximal portion of the nail is the A. nail root. B. nail body. C. nail fold. D. eponychium. E. hyponychium.

A. nail root.

112. Which of the following is NOT a type of burn? A. primary burn B. partial-thickness burn C. second-degree burn D. third-degree burn E. full-thickness burn

A. primary burn

79. Nails A. protect the ends of digits. B. alternate between growing and resting stages. C. grow from their free edges. D. are part of the dermis. E. are soft keratin.

A. protect the ends of digits.

122. This condition is characterized by a thicker-than-normal stratus corneum producing large silvery scales. A. psoriasis B. decubitus ulcer C. bullae D. vitiligo E. eczema

A. psoriasis

12. A malfunction of the process of keratinization results in the condition known as A. psoriasis. B. cyanosis. C. jaundice. D. impetigo. E. acne.

A. psoriasis.

30. Skin color is the result of the A. quantity of melanin in the skin. B. number of keratinocytes in the skin. C. amount of fat in the hypodermis. D. thickness of the stratum basale. E. number of melanocytes in the skin.

A. quantity of melanin in the skin.

49. Vitamin C is essential for normal collagen synthesis. If a child suffered from a vitamin C deficiency, which layer of the skin would be most affected? A. reticular layer of dermis B. stratum corneum C. stratum granulosum D. epidermis E. stratum basale

A. reticular layer of dermis

51. Adipose tissue in the hypodermis A. serves as a storage site for fat, which can be used for energy. B. helps to lower body temperature. C. provides protection against infection. D. is absent in infants. E. connects the dermis with the epidermis.

A. serves as a storage site for fat, which can be used for energy.

69. That portion of the hair that extends above the surface of the skin is the A. shaft. B. cuticle. C. hair bulb. D. medulla. E. root.

A. shaft.

24. The layer of the epidermis in which there is the greatest amount of mitotic activity. A. stratum basale B. stratum spinosum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum lucidum E. stratum corneum

A. stratum basale

13. The layer of epidermis that undergoes mitosis and forms new epidermal cells is the A. stratum basale. B. stratum granulosum. C. stratum lucidum. D. stratum corneum. E. stratum dermum.

A. stratum basale.

15. The term "stratum germinativum" is sometimes used to refer to the A. stratum basale. B. stratum corneum. C. stratum spinosum. D. stratum granulosum. E. stratum lucidum.

A. stratum basale.

83. The nail proper is composed of the A. stratum corneum. B. stratum lucidum. C. stratum germinativum. D. stratum spinosum. E. All of these choices are correct.

A. stratum corneum.

91. An increase in body temperature causes A. sweating. B. arterioles in the dermis to constrict. C. arrector pili muscles to contract. D. an increase in keratinization of the skin. E. an increase in melanin production.

A. sweating.

58. At birth the hairs of the scalp, eyelids, and eyebrows are replaced by coarser pigmented hairs called A. terminal hairs. B. primary hairs. C. lanugo hairs. D. vellus hairs. E. pubic hairs.

A. terminal hairs.

71. When the arrector pili muscles contract A. the body is able to lose heat. B. "goose bumps" form on the skin. C. the hair on your arms and legs begins to curl. D. the sweat glands empty their contents onto the surface of the skin. E. no change is noted on the skin surface.

B. "goose bumps" form on the skin.

50. Which of the following statements concerning the hypodermis is false? A. Hypodermis is referred to as subcutaneous tissue. B. Hypodermis is composed of dense connective tissue with collagen and elastin fibers. C. The main cell types of the hypodermis are fibroblasts, fat cells, and macrophages. D. The hypodermis attaches the skin to underlying bone and muscle. E. The hypodermis is a site of fat storage.

B. Hypodermis is composed of dense connective tissue with collagen and elastin fibers.

118. Impetigo is caused by the bacterium A. Propionibacterium. B. Staphylococcus. C. Streptococcus. D. Herpes. E. Luteus.

B. Staphylococcus.

61. Which of the following statements is true? A. Both the hair root and hair shaft contain living cells. B. Undamaged hair follicles can help regenerate damaged epithelium. C. The hair follicle has a hypodermal root sheath. D. The matrix forms the hair surface. E. The hair follicle is not associated with sebaceous glands.

B. Undamaged hair follicles can help regenerate damaged epithelium.

96. Which of the following statements concerning vitamin D is false? A. Vitamin D begins its synthesis in the skin when the skin is exposed to ultraviolet light. B. Vitamin D causes the kidney to excrete calcium. C. Vitamin D is necessary for the uptake of calcium from the intestine. D. Vitamin D is necessary for the formation of bones and teeth. E. Vitamin D is important for calcium homeostasis.

B. Vitamin D causes the kidney to excrete calcium.

40. A genetic disease characterized by the inability to produce melanin is A. melanosomes. B. albinism. C. dermatitis. D. carotene. E. cyanosis.

B. albinism.

99. Due to the contraction of smooth muscle in the walls of the dermal blood vessels, A. the blood vessels become dilated. B. body heat is conserved. C. more blood enters into the heart. D. body temperature tends to drop in that area. E. more blood flows to the skin.

B. body heat is conserved.

9. The epidermis A. is thicker than the dermis. B. contains no blood vessels. C. is composed of loose connective tissue. D. is made up mostly of melanocytes. E. is composed of the reticular and papillary layers.

B. contains no blood vessels.

65. The outer surface of the hair is called the A. shaft. B. cuticle. C. hair bulb. D. medulla. E. root.

B. cuticle.

121. Another name for a bedsore is A. psoriasis. B. decubitus ulcer. C. bullae. D. vitiligo. E. eczema.

B. decubitus ulcer.

94. On coming inside from the cold, students notice that their cheeks are red. This results from A. constriction of the blood vessels in the epidermis of the cheeks. B. dilation of the blood vessels in the dermis of the cheeks. C. damage to the epidermis by the cold. D. constriction of the sweat glands in the cheeks.E. increased permeability of superficial vessels.

B. dilation of the blood vessels in the dermis of the cheeks.

3. The layer of epithelium that covers the skin is called the A. dermis. B. epidermis. C. hypodermis. D. mesodermis. E. papillary layer.

B. epidermis.

92. Which of the following will help cool the body? A. absorption of ultraviolet light rays by the skin B. evaporation of sweat from the skin's surface C. contraction of the arrector pili muscles D. decreased blood flow to the skin E. absorption of excess sweat

B. evaporation of sweat from the skin's surface

101. By covering the whole body surface, the skin acts as a protective barrier and plays a role in A. excretion. B. immunity. C. circulation. D. respiration. E. digestion.

B. immunity.

47. Parallel curving ridges of dermis that shape the overlying epidermis into fingerprints A. are associated with thin skin. B. improve the grip of the hands. C. decrease friction on surfaces where they are located. D. are caused by the pattern of the reticular layer of the dermis. E. tend to make the surface smooth.

B. improve the grip of the hands.

75. Sweat A. is a hypertonic fluid. B. is produced by a merocrine or apocrine gland. C. contains only water. D. reaches the body only through the hair follicles. E. is not associated with emotions.

B. is produced by a merocrine or apocrine gland.

20. What protein is found in the nails, hair, and epidermis? A. melanin B. keratin C. carotene D. elastin E. collagen

B. keratin

11. As skin cells move toward the surface of the body, they produce a protein that reduces water loss. This process is called A. pollination. B. keratinization. C. melaninization. D. germination. E. desquamation.

B. keratinization.

73. The activity of apocrine sweat glands A. produces cerumen. B. leads to body odor. C. gives the skin a healthy glow. D. produces sweat on the palm of the hand. E. produces an oily secretion.

B. leads to body odor.

80. The nail root and the nail body attach to the A. lunula. B. nail bed. C. nail groove. D. hyponychium. E. hypodermis.

B. nail bed.

87. The distal portion of the nail is the A. nail root. B. nail body. C. nail fold. D. eponychium. E. hyponychium.

B. nail body.

54. This is the main fibrous layer of the dermis. A. epidermis B. reticular layer C. papillary layer D. stretch marks E. hypodermis

B. reticular layer

76. Skin glands do not include A. sebaceous glands. B. salivary glands. C. ceruminous glands. D. mammary glands. E. sweat glands.

B. salivary glands.

98. Barney sat on a hot camp stove while on a camping trip. The burn was painful and blistered. His was what type of burn? A. first degree B. second degree C. third degree D. fourth degree E. fifth degree

B. second degree

115. What type of burn appears red and swollen along with pain and blisters? A. first-degree B. second-degree C. third-degree D. fourth-degree E. partial-thickness

B. second-degree

108. What type of cancer can actinic keratosis develop into? A. basal cell carcinoma B. squamous cell carcinoma C. melanoma D. Kaposi's sarcoma E. psoriasis

B. squamous cell carcinoma

22. Which of the following represents the correct order of the layers of the epidermis from the deepest to the most superficial? A. stratum basale, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum spinosum, and stratum corneum B. stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum C. stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum corneum, stratum basale, and stratum spinosum D. stratum spinosum, stratum basale, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum, and stratum granulosum E. stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

B. stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum

16. In which layer of the epidermis are lamellar bodies formed inside keratinocytes? A. stratum basale B. stratum spinosum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum lucidum E. stratum corneum

B. stratum spinosum

25. This epidermal stratum has several layers of cells held together by desmosomes. A. stratum basale B. stratum spinosum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum lucidum E. stratum corneum

B. stratum spinosum

35. The blue color of superficial blood vessels results from A. a lack of melanin in the area. B. the light-scattering properties of collagen. C. the superficial location of skin pigments. D. an increase in arterial blood circulating in the area. E. a lack of oxygen in the blood.

B. the light-scattering properties of collagen.

10. Which cells of the epidermis are part of the immune system? A. keratinocytes B. melanocytes C. Langerhans cells D. Merkel cells E. fibroblasts

C. Langerhans cells

102. Which of the following skin changes is usually associated with aging? A. Skin becomes thicker. B. There is an increase in the number of elastic fibers in the skin. C. Loss of subcutaneous tissue contributes to sagging of the skin. D. Localized increase in sebaceous glands leads to dry skin. E. The amount of collagen in the dermis increases.

C. Loss of subcutaneous tissue contributes to sagging of the skin.

21. In which of the following does desquamation of the stratum corneum occur? A. biting fingernails B. losing hair from your scalp C. a 5-minute surgical scrub D. scar formation E. hair growth

C. a 5-minute surgical scrub

34. Light-skinned races such as Caucasians have A. more melanocytes than races with darker skins. B. fewer melanocytes than races with darker skins. C. approximately the same number of melanocytes as races with darker skins. D. more melanin in their skin. E. a different kind of melanin in their skin.

C. approximately the same number of melanocytes as races with darker skins.

36. The bluish tinge of skin due to a reduction of oxygen in the blood is called A. hemolysis. B. desquamation. C. cyanosis. D. carotenosis. E. albinism.

C. cyanosis.

38. Which of the following is an inflammatory condition of the skin? A. melanosomes. B. albinism. C. dermatitis. D. carotene. E. cyanosis.

C. dermatitis.

2. The integumentary system has many functions, one of which is A. protection from cancer. B. production of Vitamin E. C. detection of heat and touch. D. regulation of acid-base balance. E. prevention of albinism.

C. detection of heat and touch.

103. With aging, individuals tend to feel colder and usually need the thermostat in their home set higher in the winter to feel warm enough. This is probably because the elderly A. no longer experience hot flashes at night. B. exhibit a decrease in melanin production. C. experience a decrease in the thickness of their subcutaneous fat layer. D. have less blood flowing to the skin. E. have an increase in desquamation.

C. experience a decrease in the thickness of their subcutaneous fat layer.

67. An expanded knob at the base of the hair root is the A. shaft. B. cuticle. C. hair bulb. D. medulla. E. root.

C. hair bulb.

60. The portion of a hair that protrudes above the surface of the skin is the A. hair bulb. B. hair root. C. hair shaft. D. hair follicle. E. dermal papilla.

C. hair shaft.

111. A subcutaneous injection delivers medication into the A. epidermis. B. dermis. C. hypodermis. D. muscle. E. joint.

C. hypodermis.

125. Which of the following is NOT a complication of a major burn? A. local edema B. shock C. increased immunity D. decreased heart pumping ability E. venous thrombosis

C. increased immunity

32. Melanin A. is transferred to other cells by osmosis. B. is increased with exposure to infrared light. C. is absent in individuals known as albinos. D. is a pigment produced by cells in the stratum corneum. E. makes the skin lighter.

C. is absent in individuals known as albinos.

44. When comparing the dermis with the hypodermis, the dermis A. has more fat cells than the hypodermis. B. is a more vascular tissue than the hypodermis. C. is divided into two layers; the hypodermis is not. D. contains melanocytes; the hypodermis does not. E. and the hypodermis do not contain collagen.

C. is divided into two layers; the hypodermis is not.

57. Delicate unpigmented hairs that cover the fetus in early development are called A. terminal hairs. B. primary hairs. C. lanugo hairs. D. vellus hairs. E. secondary hairs.

C. lanugo hairs.

89. One type of experimental contraceptive device is a skin patch that contains a chemical absorbed through the skin. Which of the following substances might be the type of chemical involved? A. proteins B. water-soluble substances C. lipid-soluble substances D. carbohydrates E. amino acids

C. lipid-soluble substances

107. Which type of skin cancer is the most deadly? A. basal cell carcinoma B. squamous cell carcinoma C. melanoma D. Kaposi's sarcoma E. psoriasis

C. melanoma

85. The skin that covers the lateral and proximal edges of the nail is the A. nail root. B. nail body. C. nail fold. D. eponychium. E. hyponychium.

C. nail fold.

55. This is the dermal layer closest to the epidermis. A. epidermis B. reticular layer C. papillary layer D. stretch marks E. hypodermis

C. papillary layer

93. An abrasion of the skin results in which of the following? A. fluid retention by the kidney B. increased melanin production C. portal of entry for microorganisms D. loss of cell regeneration ability E. irreversible damage to the epidermis

C. portal of entry for microorganisms

8. Keratinization A. occurs in the dermis. B. results in the formation of new epidermal cells. C. produces a layer of cells that resist abrasion. D. determines skin color. E. does not affect permeability characteristics of the epidermis.

C. produces a layer of cells that resist abrasion.

62. The length of hair is determined by the A. size of the hair bulb. B. angle of the hair root. C. rate of hair growth. D. length of the resting stage. E. age of the person.

C. rate of hair growth.

113. The amount of body area involved with a burn is determined by the A. color of the skin. B. amount of pain. C. rule of nines. D. cause of the burn. E. ABCDE rule.

C. rule of nines.

81. The epidermal layer that is present in the nail bed and the nail matrix is the A. stratum corneum. B. stratum lucidum. C. stratum basale. D. stratum spinosum. E. stratum lunula.

C. stratum basale.

17. In which layer of the epidermis are granules of keratohyalin formed? A. stratum basale B. stratum spinosum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum lucidum E. stratum corneum

C. stratum granulosum

28. Thin skin has only four epithelial strata. It lacks which of the following? A. stratum spinosum B. stratum granulosum C. stratum lucidum D. stratum corneum E. stratum basale

C. stratum lucidum

97. Eskimos wear a great deal of clothing and have limited exposure to U.V. light, but do not suffer from vitamin D deficiency. A possible explanation is, A. they do not need vitamin D. B. their exposure to U.V. light in the summer will last for a year. C. they get enough vitamin D in their diet of fish and marine mammals. D. they do not require sunlight for vitamin D formation. E. their bodies produce vitamin D another way.

C. they get enough vitamin D in their diet of fish and marine mammals.

114. What type of burn appears white or black with no immediate pain? A. first-degree B. second-degree C. third-degree D. fourth-degree E. partial-thickness

C. third-degree

59. Which of the following statements is true? A. In males, the hairs of the beard are vellus hairs. B. Both vellus and terminal hairs are pigmented. C. The majority of hair on the chest is vellus hair. D. At puberty, much of the vellus hair is replaced with terminal hair. E. Hair in the axillary region is vellus hair after puberty.

D. At puberty, much of the vellus hair is replaced with terminal hair.

72. Which of the following statements is false? A. Most sebaceous glands are connected by a duct to the upper portion of the hair follicle. B. Secretions from sebaceous glands provide protection against bacteria. C. Secretions from sebaceous glands oil the hair and skin. D. Sebaceous glands are an example of apocrine glands. E. Sebaceous secretions are lipid soluble.

D. Sebaceous glands are an example of apocrine glands.

7. Which of the following statements concerning the epidermis is true? A. The dermis is superficial to the epidermis. B. The epidermis contains numerous blood vessels. C. The most numerous cells in the epidermis are the melanocytes. D. The epidermis is nourished by blood vessels located in the dermis. E. The epidermis is very permeable to water-soluble molecules.

D. The epidermis is nourished by blood vessels located in the dermis.

37. Exposure to ultraviolet light causes the skin to darken by stimulating the A. breakdown of carotene. B. breakdown of melanin. C. buildup of bilirubin. D. activity of the enzyme tyrosinase. E. activity of the keratinocytes.

D. activity of the enzyme tyrosinase.

6. Keratinocytes A. produce skin pigments in cell organelles called melanosomes. B. are found in both the dermal and the epidermal layers of the skin. C. are special cells of the immune system. D. are responsible for the reduction of water loss from the skin. E. determine thickness of the skin.

D. are responsible for the reduction of water loss from the skin.

39. A yellow pigment derived from plants that can impart a yellow color to the skin is A. melanosomes. B. albinism. C. dermatitis. D. carotene. E. cyanosis.

D. carotene.

31. Melanin production can be influenced by A. genetics. B. hormones. C. exposure to sunlight. D. pregnancy. E. All of these choices are correct.

E. All of these choices are correct.

14. The stratum basale A. is easily shed when you rub your hands together. B. has a mixture of living and dead cells - mostly dead. C. contains many blood vessels that nourish the epidermis. D. contains cells that undergo mitosis to form new epidermal cells. E. contains cells that undergo meiosis to form new epidermal cells.

D. contains cells that undergo mitosis to form new epidermal cells.

88. What is synonymous with the cuticle? A. nail root B. nail body C. nail fold D. eponychium E. hyponychium

D. eponychium

109. Melanoma can be detected early and treated with the application of a special rule. Which of the following is NOT a test used to determine if a mole is cancerous? A. color B. border C. asymmetry D. freckles E. diameter

D. freckles

120. Ringworm is an infection of the skin, hair, and nails caused by a A. bacterium. B. virus. C. parasite. D. fungus. E. inflammation.

D. fungus.

117. Lead poisoning can be detected by doing an analysis of A. sweat. B. skin folds. C. nails. D. hair. E. skin.

D. hair.

27. Thick skin A. has three different epidermal strata. B. has fewer layers of cells in the stratum corneum than thin skin. C. is found covering most of the body. D. is found in areas subject to pressure or friction such as palms. E. is determined by the thickness of the dermis.

D. is found in areas subject to pressure or friction such as palms.

4. The dermis A. contains no blood vessels. B. functions as padding and insulation. C. is divided into three distinct layers. D. is responsible for most of the skin's structural strength. E. does not contain connective tissue.

D. is responsible for most of the skin's structural strength.

105. The skin discoloration most likely to result from liver disease is A. pallor. B. erythema. C. hematoma. D. jaundice. E. cyanosis.

D. jaundice.

66. The central axis of the hair is the A. shaft. B. cuticle. C. hair bulb. D. medulla. E. root.

D. medulla.

42. Melanin is produced only by A. keratinocytes. B. basal cells. C. Langerhans cells. D. melanocytes. E. Merkel's cells.

D. melanocytes.

82. Nail cells are produced by the A. lunula. B. cuticle. C. nail body. D. nail matrix. E. nail groove.

D. nail matrix.

1. Which of the following functions is associated with the skin? A. fat production B. vitamin C production C. regulation of body pH D. protection against ultraviolet radiation of the sun E. vitamin A production

D. protection against ultraviolet radiation of the sun

18. Which layer of the epidermis is found in only a few areas of the body? A. stratum basale B. stratum spinosum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum lucidum E. stratum corneum

D. stratum lucidum

26. This layer is found only in thick skin. A. stratum basale B. stratum spinosum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum lucidum E. stratum corneum

D. stratum lucidum

52. Rupturing the dermis may cause these to develop. A. epidermis B. reticular layer C. papillary layer D. stretch marks E. hypodermis

D. stretch marks

95. Which vitamin begins its synthesis in the skin exposed to ultraviolet light? A. vitamin A B. vitamin B C. vitamin C D. vitamin D E. vitamin E

D. vitamin D

124. This condition involves the development of white patches on the skin caused by the loss of melanocytes. A. psoriasis B. decubitus ulcer C. bullae D. vitiligo E. eczema

D. vitiligo

70. Which of the following hair colors is the result of a decrease in melanin? A. black B. brown C. red D. white E. auburn

D. white

78. Bob was completely bald on the top of his head by the time he was 35 years of age. Bob noticed he produced abundant sweat on his head when he exercised. He also noticed that his scalp was no longer oily. Which of the following changes account for the observations? (1) He has fewer functional hair follicles now. (2) He has fewer functional sebaceous glands now. (3) He has fewer merocrine sweat glands now. (4) He has fewer apocrine sweat glands now. A. 1, 2, 3, 4 B. 1, 2, 3 C. 1, 2, 4 D. 1, 3, 4 E. 1, 2

E. 1, 2

110. Xeroderma pigmentosa is an autosomal recessive trait most commonly associated with a defective gene located on chromosome A. 8. B. 10. C. 11. D. 23. E. 9.

E. 9.

119. Acne is caused by A. testosterone. B. sebum. C. abnormal keratinization of hair follicles. D. Propionibacterium. E. All of these are factors.

E. All of these are factors.

48. If you accidentally cut your arm and see connective tissue and fat, which layer(s) was/were cut? A. stratum corneum B. stratum basale C. dermis D. hypodermis E. all of these layers

E. all of these layers

29. What will develop when the skin is subjected to excess friction or pressure? A. carcinoma B. melanoma C. papillae D. stretch marks E. callus

E. callus

126. Which of the following is NOT a complication of a major burn? A. fever B. electrolyte imbalance C. hypermetabolic state D. weight loss E. decreased protein demand

E. decreased protein demand

46. Fingerprints and footprints are produced by projections into the epidermis called A. dermal striae. B. cleavage lines. C. reticular lines. D. melanocytes. E. dermal papillae.

E. dermal papillae.

5. The sloughing off of older cells from the surface of the skin is called A. pollination. B. keratinization. C. melaninization. D. germination. E. desquamation.

E. desquamation.

123. Inflammation of the skin is called dermatitis or A. psoriasis. B. decubitus ulcer. C. bullae. D. vitiligo. E. eczema.

E. eczema.

56. This is the site of fat storage in the skin. A. epidermis B. reticular layer C. papillary layer D. stretch marks E. hypodermis

E. hypodermis

84. The stratum corneum beneath the free edge of the nail is the A. nail root. B. nail body. C. nail fold. D. eponychium. E. hyponychium.

E. hyponychium.

63. Baldness A. occurs only in men. B. is related to estrogen levels. C. is related to levels of growth hormone. D. is not genetic. E. is more common in men than in women.

E. is more common in men than in women.

104. Cedric slipped and cut his finger. The cut bled, but did not penetrate to the hypodermis. The deepest layer penetrated was the A. stratum spinosum. B. stratum granulosum. C. stratum basale. D. stratum corneum. E. papillary layer of the dermis.

E. papillary layer of the dermis.

68. The portion of the hair below the surface of the skin is the A. shaft. B. cuticle. C. hair bulb. D. medulla. E. root.

E. root.

19. Excessive shedding of this layer of the epidermis of the scalp is responsible for dandruff. A. stratum basale B. stratum spinosum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum lucidum E. stratum corneum

E. stratum corneum

23. This stratum contains many layers of dead squamous cells. A. stratum basale B. stratum spinosum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum lucidum E. stratum corneum

E. stratum corneum