Chemistry Ch. 8

The reaction represented by the equation 2HgO(s) -> 2Hg(l) + O2(g) is classified as a(n) ____________________ reaction.

decomposition

The reaction represented by the equation 2KClO3(s) -> 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g) is a(n)

decomposition

The equation AX -> A + X is the general equation for a

decomposition reaction

In what kind of reaction does one element replace a similar element in a compound?

displacement reaction

The equation AX + BY -> AY + BX is the general equation for a

double-displacement reaction

The decomposition of a substance by an electric current is called

electrolysis

If chlorine gas is produced by halogen replacement, the other halogen in the reaction must be

fluorine

The replacement of bromine by chlorine in a salt is an example of a single-displacement reaction by

halogens

In a chemical equation, the symbol ? over the reaction arrow signifies that the reactants are

heated

Active metals react with certain acids, such as hydrochloric acid, to yield a metal compound and

hydrogen

Group 1 metals react with water to produce metal hydroxides and

hydrogen

Magnesium hydroxide decomposes to yield magnesium oxide and

hydrogen

When placed in water, a metal more active than hydrogen will form two substances, a metal hydroxide and ____________________ gas.

hydrogen

When heated, metallic chlorates decompose into

metallic chlorides and oxygen

In one type of synthesis reaction, an element combines with oxygen to yield a(n)

oxide

When a metal chlorate is heated, it decomposes to yield a metal chloride and

oxygen

An active metal and a halogen react to form a(n)

salt

A chemical equation is balanced when the

same number of each kind of atom appears in the reactants and in the products

In the chemical equation 2AlCl3(aq) + 3Pb(NO3)2 (aq) -> 3PbCl2(s) + 2Al(NO3)3(aq), the state of PbCl2 is a(n)

solid

In what kind of reaction do two or more substances combine to form a new compound?

synthesis reaction

The equation A + X -> AX is the general equation for a(n)

synthesis reaction

In a chemical reaction

the mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products.

In a double-displacement reaction, hydrogen chloride and sodium hydroxide react to produce sodium chloride. Another product is

water

Many metal hydroxides decompose when heated to yield metal oxides and

water

Some acids, such as carbonic acid, decompose to nonmetal oxides and

water

In an equation, the symbol for a substance in water solution is followed by

(aq)

Which coefficients correctly balance the formula equation CaO + H2O -> Ca(OH)2

1,1,1

Which coefficients correctly balance the formula equation NH4NO2(s) -> N2(g) + H2O(l)

1,1,2

What is the balanced equation when aluminum reacts with copper(II) sulfate?

2Al + 3CuSO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu

Which equation is not balanced?

2H2 + O2 -> H2O

Which reaction can be predicted from the activity series?

2H2O(aq) + 2Na(s) -> 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)

Which reaction does not occur?

2HF(aq) + Cl2(g) -> F2(g) + 2HCl(aq)

When the formula equation CuSO4(aq) + Fe(s) -> Fe2(SO4)3(aq) + Cu(s) is correctly balanced, the coefficient of CuSO4(aq) is

3

In the chemical reaction represented by the equation 2Cr(s) + 3O2(g) -> 2CrO3(s), two chromium atoms combine with ____________________ oxygen atoms.

6

When the equation Fe3O4 + Al -> Al2O3 + Fe is correctly balanced, what is the coefficient of Fe?

9

What is the name of a list of elements arranged according to the ease with which they undergo certain chemical reactions?

Activity series

The activity series of metals indicates the ease with which metal

Atoms lose electrons

An insoluble gas that forms in a double-displacement reaction in aqueous solution

Bubbles out of solutions

Which of the following is a formula equation for the formation of carbon dioxide from carbon and oxygen?

C + O2 -> CO2

The word equation solid carbon + oxygen gas -> carbon dioxide gas + energy, represents a chemical reaction because

CO2 has a chemical properties that differ from those of C and O

Predict what happens when calcium metal is added to a solution of magnesium chloride.

Calcium chloride forms

The reaction of calcium oxide, CaO, with water yields

Calcium hydroxide

When heated, a metal carbonate decomposes into a metal oxide and

Carbon dioxide

In what kind of reaction does a single compound produce two or more simpler substances?

Decomposition reaction

The reaction represented by the equation 2HgO(s) -> 2Hg(l) + O2(g) is a(n)

Decomposition reaction

In what kind of reaction do the ions of two compounds exchange places in aqueous solution to form two new compounds

Double-displacement reaction

The reaction represented by the equation Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2KI(aq) -> PbI2(s) + 2KNO3(aq) is a

Double-displacement reaction

In writing a chemical equation that produces hydrogen gas, the correct representation of hydrogen gas is

H2

In writing a formula equation for a reaction that produces hydrogen gas, the correct representation of hydrogen gas is

H2

If a certain metal is placed in an ionic solution containing another metal and no reaction occurs, then the metal originally in the solution is

Higher on the activity series

Predict what happens when lead is added to nitric acid

Hydrogen is released

Which word equation represents the reaction that produces water from hydrogen and oxygen?

Hydrogen plus oxygen yields water

If metal X is lower than metal Y in the activity series, then metal X

Loses electrons less readily than does metal Y

Oxides of active metals, such as CaO, react with water to produce

Metal hydroxides

Some metals, such as iron, react with steam to produce hydrogen gas and a

Metal oxide

In the chemical equation 2Mg(s) + O2(g) ? 2MgO(s)

Mg represents the reagent magnesium

Predict the product of the reaction represented by the following equation:

MgCO3

Magnesium bromide (aq) + chlorine (g) yields

MgCl2(aq) and Br2(l).

The formulas for the products of the reaction between sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid are

Na2SO4 and H2O

In the word equation, sodium oxide + water -> sodium hydroxide, the formula for sodium hydroxide is represented by

NaOH

Predict what happens when nickel is added to a solution of potassium chloride.

No reaction occurs

Predict what happens when zinc is added to water

No reaction occurs

How would oxygen be represented in the formula equation for the reaction of methane and oxygen to yield carbon dioxide and water?

O2

A precipitate may form in a double-displacement reaction when

Positive ions combine with negative ions

When potassium reacts with water, one product formed is

Potassium oxide

When a slightly soluble solid compound is produced in a double-displacement reaction, a

Predicate is formed

What is the balanced equation for the combustion of sulfur?

S(s) + O2(g) -> SO2(g)

The reaction represented by the equation Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) -> H2(g) + MgCl2(aq) is a

Single - displacement reaction

The reaction represented by the equation Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) -> H2(g) + MgCl2(aq) is classified as a(n) ____________________ reaction.

Single displacement

The reaction represented by the equation Cl2(g) + 2KBr(aq) -> 2KCl(aq) + Br2(l) is a(n)

Single displacemet

The equation A + BX -> AX + B is the general equation for a

Single-displacement reaction

When sodium chlorate, NaClO3, decomposes, the products are

Sodium chloride and oxygen

The reaction represented by the equation 2Mg(s) + O2(g) -> 2MgO(s) is a

Synthesis reaction

When a binary compound decomposes, what is produced?

Two elements

What can be predicted by using an activity series?

Whether a certain chemical reaction will occur

The complete balanced equation for the reaction between zinc hydroxide and acetic acid is

Zn(OH)2 + 2CH3COOH -> Zn(CH3COO)2 + 2H2O.

A chemical formula written over the arrow in a chemical equation signifies

a catalyst for the reaction

What is the small whole number that appears in front of a formula in a chemical equation

a coefficient

When a solid produced by a chemical reaction separates from the solution it is called

a precipitate

The ability of an element to react is the element's

activity

After the first steps in writing an equation, the equation is balanced by

adjusting coefficients to the smallest whole-number ratio.

In the equation 2Al(s) + 3Fe(NO3)2(aq) -> 3Fe(s) + 2Al(NO3)3(aq), iron has been replaced by

aluminum

According to the law of conservation of mass, the total mass of the reacting substances is

always equal to the total mass of the products

An element in the activity series can replace any element

below it on the list

Which observation does not indicate that a chemical reaction has occurred?

change in total mass of substances

To balance a chemical equation, it may be necessary to adjust the

coefficients