CSUSB NSCI 351 QUIZ 3
List four major goals of a prevention strategy plan for the United States
(1) promptly investigate and monitor emerging pathogens, the diseases they cause, and factors of emergence; (2) integrate laboratory science and epidemiology to optimize public health practice; (3) enhance communication of public health information about emerging diseases and ensure prompt implementation prevention strategies; and ❖ (4) strengthen local, state, and federal public health infrastructures to support surveillance and implement prevention and control programs.
CDC have defined AIDS to include those people who have evidence of HIV and also fewer than _____ T4 cells
200
Tuberculosis kills _____ people every year worldwide.
3 million
There is no known insect vector for HIV.
65%
Why has the percentage of deaths due to infectious diseases dropped from 1970 to 2010?
A growing # of children were immunized against the major infectious disease.
________ remained one of the leading causes of death among persons 25-44 years of age in the U.S. accounting for 19 percent of deaths from all causes in this age group.
AIDS
Which of the following best describes sickle cells disease?
Abnormal shape in the red blood cells
The Ebola virus was first discovered in _______________ in 1976.
Africa
The majority of cases of malaria, 90% occur _____
Africa
The most common identified reason for the emergence of infectious diseases is _____.
Agriculture & Economic development
The overuse of ____________________ can cause bacteria to develop genetic resistance.
Antibiotics
What is the more formal name for mad cow disease ?
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
________ is the parasite that has caused more than 5 major outbreaks in the U.S. with the most severe being in Milwaukee in 1993?
Cryptosporidium
. All the strains of E. coli are harmful inhabitants of the intestines of warm blooded animals and humans.
False
About one century ago cholera disappeared in the US and has not reappeared since then.
False
All the strains of E. Coli are harmful inhabitants of the intestines of warm blooded animals and humans
False
All the strains of E. coli are harmful inhabitants of the intestines of warm blooded animals and humans.
False
Although Ebola virus is one of the deadliest viruses known, killing nearly 90 percent of those infected, vaccine has been found for it
False
Although it is normally transmitted by mosquitoes, malaria could potentially be transmitted by blood transfusions as the parasite that causes it lives in the blood.
False
Antibiotics are primarily effective against viruses and vaccines are often effective against bacterial infections.
False
Disadvantage of the Green Revolution in that plant yield are generally similar to those with other methods of agriculture unless substantial amounts of commercial inorganic fertilizers are applied.
False
Roaches, body lice and grasshoppers go through 3 developmental stages.
False
Since 1990, it has become increasingly easy to treat tuberculosis using antibiotic medications
False
Since 1990, it has become increasingly easy to treat tuberculosis using antibiotic medications.
False
The Ebola virus is spread through casual contact.
False
The Green Revolution introduced new fertilizers to make everything greener.
False
The genetic information of HIV is encoded as DNA.
False
The hantavirus is spread to humans from contact with mosquito
False
The hantavirus outbreaks in the eastern hemisphere (Asia) are identified with pulmonary failure, and have been referred to as "hantavirus pulmonary syndrome" (HPS).
False
The hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is very common in the US, and its mortality is very high
False
The most common route of transmission of HPS is by bites of the rodents
False
The three infectious diseases that cause the majority of deaths worldwide are influenza hepatitis b and malaria
False
There is evidence that casual kissing or contact will result in infection of HIV
False
Type B influenza is quite different than A or C because it either produces very mild symptoms or none at all, and consequently has not been involved in any epidemics.
False
What is the more formal name for "mad cow disease" ?Which of the following viruses has the least potential for emergence in the near future?
False
Helicobacter pyroli is associated with ____?
Gastric Ulcer
Helicobacter pylori is associated with ___________.
Gastric ulcer
___________ Remains the most destructive of the currently circulating influenza viruses
H3N2
Which of the following viruses has the least potential for emergence in the near future?
Hantaan
A(n) ____________________ is a disease caused by a pathogen such as a bacterium, virus, or parasite that invades the body and multiplies in its cells and tissues.
Infectious disease
Chagas is the most important parasitic illness in _______________ causing 40,000 deaths each year.
Latin America
Biological hazards are those specifically caused by ____.
Living organisms such as pathogens.
______ is an example of a bacterium that is highly resistant to antibiotics.
MRSA
What is the world's largest widespread mosquito-borne illness, and is potentially the worst threat to humans in the future?
Malaria
What is the vector for epidemic dengue fever transmission in Asia?
Mosquito
A global-scale outbreak of an infectious disease such as tuberculosis or AIDS is called a(n) ______________________________.
Pandemic
What is the greatest threat to global human health
Poverty
What is the greatest threat to global human health?
Poverty
The use of unsupervised _______________ administration to 100,000 pilgrims enroute to Mecca from Indonesia is thought to have been significantly responsible for the fact that 50% of cholera strains in that country are now resistant to this antibiotic?
Prophylatic tetracyline
Alley cropping, terracing, contour planning are all methods that help reduce____________.
Soil erosion
What is the type of agriculture most likely to be found in developing countries
Subsistence agriculture
90% of the energy many of the world's LDC obtain through burning woods
True
Infectious diseases continue to be the foremost cause of death worldwide
True
Kawasaki disease is the most common in poverty stricken children
True
Mainly due to drug resistant strains, malaria has re-emerged as a major infectious disease with nearly half a billion people world wide developing the disease each year.
True
Mainly due to drug resistant strains, malaria has reemerged as a major international infectious disease with nearly half a billion people worldwide developing the disease each year.
True
The bubonic plague carried by the rat and transmitted to humans by the rat flea is thought to have been introduce into Europe with the silk trade routes from Asia
True
The common use and misuse of antibiotic treatments have permitted the development of drug-resistant pathogens.
True
We have lost 90% of wetlands.
True
A deadly multi drug resistant form of ______ has been spreading and is difficult to treat . Because of the high risk of this illness those affected must be quarantined and treated with care by healthcare workers
Tuberculosis
How often have the El Niño warming events historically occurred?
Twice every 10 years
What is meant by the term "El Niño"?
Unusually warm ocean temperature (red & orange) all along the equator in the Pacific Ocean (below).
Which of the following antibiotics is considered to be "big guns" in the treatment against antibiotic-resistant bacteria?
Vancomycin
In China _____ are the main source of contracting avian influenza.
ducks
Numerous practices have been developed to reduce___________, including or eliminating tillage, managing irrigation to reduce runoff, and terracing or contour planting.
erosion
In addition to overuse of antibiotics for colds and flu, what else has caused bacterial resistance to antibiotics? antibiotics?.
sub-Saharan Africa
List four factors that are responsible for emerging infectious disease.
❖ (1) Ecological changes; ❖ (2) Human demographic changes; ❖ (3) Travel and commerce; ❖ (4) Technology and industry (globalization); ❖ (5) Microbial adaptation and change (resistance); and ❖ (6) Breakdown of public health measures.
