Health Test #3

118. After a smoker quits smoking, approximately how long does it take before the risk of lung cancer drops to half that of a continuing smoker? A. 6 months B. 1 year C. 5 years D. 10 years

D. 10 years

41. A person with a blood alcohol concentration above 0.14 percent will be ______ times more likely to be involved in a fatal crash than a sober driver. A. 10 B. 130 C. 180 D. 380

D. 380

119. Which of the following cancers is linked with smoking? A. esophageal B. kidney C. pancreatic D. All of the these cancers are linked with smoking.

D. All of the these cancers are linked with smoking.

89. Which of the following groups has a rate of alcoholism twice the national average? A. African Americans B. Asian Americans C. Hispanic Americans D. American Indians

D. American Indians

60. Alcohol may positively affect the cardiovascular system by A. reducing the risk of clot formation. B. lowering blood pressure. C. relaxing cardiac muscle tone. D. stimulating cardiac muscle.

A. reducing the risk of clot formation.

103. Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is commonly called A. secondhand smoke. B. sidestream smoke. C. mainstream smoke. D. smog.

A. secondhand smoke.

56. Early in a pregnancy, heavy drinking by the mother may cause A. spontaneous abortion or miscarriage. B. HIV transmission. C. cervical infection. D. emphysema.

A. spontaneous abortion or miscarriage.

71. Lowered sensitivity to a drug such that a given dose no longer produces the usual effect is called A. tolerance. B. withdrawal. C. therapeutic index. D. drug potentiation.

A. tolerance.

63. Which of the following is a factor that determines how a person will respond to a particular drug? A. general health B. body mass C. genetics D. general health and body mass E. All of the above are factors.

E. All of the above are factors.

104. Which of the following areas of the body will be adversely affected by tobacco? A. brain B. stomach C. reproductive organs D. mouth E. All of these areas will be adversely affected by tobacco.

E. All of these areas will be adversely affected by tobacco.

72. The unpleasant physical and mental state experienced when abstaining from alcohol after heavy use is known as A. withdrawal. B. tolerance. C. drug potentiation. D. paranoia.

A. withdrawal.

69. Which of the following is not a common pattern of alcohol consumption associated with alcohol dependence? A. regular daily intake of large amounts of alcohol B. regular light drinking limited to weekends C. long periods of sobriety interspersed with binges D. heavy drinking limited to periods are of stress

B. regular light drinking limited to weekends

137. The primary effects of environmental tobacco smoke on children are A. temporary. B. related to the respiratory system. C. minimal. D. dependant on the gender of the child.

B. related to the respiratory system.

65. The _________ is the physical and social environment surrounding an individual's drug use. A. mode B. setting C. effect D. mood

B. setting

82. Eating before and while drinking A. accelerates the peak blood alcohol concentration. B. slows the rate of alcohol absorption. C. transfers absorption of alcohol to the small intestine. D. prevents absorption of alcohol.

B. slows the rate of alcohol absorption.

105. When particles of tobacco smoke condense, they form a brown sticky mass called A. snuff. B. tar. C. nicotine. D. stearic acid.

B. tar.

120. Loss of lung tissue elasticity is characteristic of A. emphysema. B. bronchitis. C. pulmonary edema. D. pneumonia.

emphysema

67. Narcotics is another term for A. opioids. B. psychedelics. C. stimulants. D. deliriants.

A. opioids.

2. A standard drink contains about A. 0.6 ounces of alcohol. B. 1 ounce of alcohol. C. 1.5 ounces of alcohol. D. 2 ounces of alcohol.

A. 0.6 ounces of alcohol.

10. A 20 proof beverage is ______ percent alcohol. A. 10 B. 20 C. 40 D. 60

A. 10

59. During which age group are males and females closest in illicit drug use? A. 12-17 B. 18-25 C. 26-40 D. 40-60

A. 12-17

3. Beer usually contains what percentage of alcohol? A. 3-6 percent B. 9-14 percent C. 20-25 percent D. 35-50 percent

A. 3-6 percent

57. A key characteristic of drug dependence is experiencing A. withdrawal. B. anxiety. C. stability. D. coping.

A. withdrawal.

108. What role does ammonia play in cigarettes? A. It enhances the flavor. B. It masks the harsh bitter taste of tobacco. C. It boosts the amount of nicotine they deliver. D. It opens the lungs' airway and makes it easier for nicotine to enter the blood.

A. It enhances the flavor.

53. Which of the following statements about addiction is FALSE? A. Research suggests that addiction is caused by a single factor. B. People with addictions share some characteristics. C. Most people engage in activities that are potentially addictive. D. Addiction often starts when a person does something he or she thinks will bring pleasure or help avoid pain.

A. Research suggests that addiction is caused by a single factor.

115. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding coronary heart disease and smoking? A. Smokers have a death rate from CHD that is 25 percent higher than nonsmokers. B. CHD is the most widespread single cause of death for cigarette smokers. C. The risks of CHD decrease rapidly when a person stops smoking D. Sudden and unexpected death is a common result of CHD, especially in smokers.

A. Smokers have a death rate from CHD that is 25 percent higher than nonsmokers.

86. Which of the following statements regarding male and female use of alcohol is TRUE? A. Women may have a higher biological risk than men. B. Men customarily have a shorter history of alcoholism than women. C. Male alcoholics are more likely to experience alcohol-related physical complications than women alcoholics. D. Men develop alcoholism later in life than women.

A. Women may have a higher biological risk than men.

64. Alcohol dependence is also known as A. alcoholism. B. binge drinking. C. alcohol abuse. D. alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder.

A. alcoholism.

54. Which of the following would NOT be considered a psychoactive drug? A. caffeine B. alcohol C. aspirin D. codeine

A. caffeine

134. Which of the following lingers in the bloodstream for 5 hours after exposure to environmental tobacco smoke? A. carbon monoxide B. nicotine C. tar D. hydrogen cyanide

A. carbon monoxide

68. Which of the following drugs is an opioid? A. codeine B. peyote C. mescaline D. psilocybin

A. codeine

29. Alcohol is classified as a(n) A. depressant. B. opioid derivative. C. narcotic. D. stimulant.

A. depressant.

58. Which of the following behaviors is NOT characteristic of drug dependency? A. having no desire to regulate substance use B. taking larger amounts of a substance C. changing one's lifestyle to accommodate drug use D. continuing to use the substance in spite of recognition that its use is a problem

A. having no desire to regulate substance use

72. A stimulant A. increases blood pressure. B. dilates blood vessels. C. decreases gastric secretions. D. constricts the bronchial tubes.

A. increases blood pressure.

75. Binge drinking among college students is difficult address because A. it is so widespread. B. binge drinking on college campuses is not well documented. C. negative drinking behaviors usually occur off campus. D. little is known about the consequences of this type of drinking.

A. it is so widespread.

44. Continued overuse of alcohol commonly causes scarring in the A. liver. B. cerebrum. C. lungs. D. vas deferens.

A. liver.

117. What is the leading cause of cancer death in women? A. lung cancer B. breast cancer C. ovarian cancer D. cervical cancer

A. lung cancer

131. Smoke exhale by a smoker is referred to as ______ smoke. A. mainstream B. primary C. sidestream D. secondary

A. mainstream

According to the text, the best solution to drug abuse is A. prevention. B. more available drug treatment programs. C. legalization of drugs. D. more frequent drug testing in schools and the workplace.

A. prevention.

9. The proof value of an alcoholic beverage is A. two times the percentage of alcohol in the beverage. B. half the percentage of alcohol in the beverage. C. equal to the percentage of alcohol in the beverage. D. the percentage of blood volume that is alcohol.

A. two times the percentage of alcohol in the beverage.

106. A substance that directly causes cancer is called a(n) A. toxin. B. carcinogen. C. malignancy. D. infector.

B. carcinogen.

100. The average age for smokers and smokeless tobacco users to start is about A. 10. B. 15. C. 18. D. 21.

B. 15.

97. Most of the symptoms of physical dependence to smoking pass in A. 10 to 12 hours. B. 2 to 3 days. C. 3 to 4 weeks. D. 3 to 5 months.

B. 2 to 3 days.

56. For someone to be considered drug dependant, how many clusters of symptoms must they demonstrate in a one year timeframe? A. 1 B. 3 C. 5 D. 7

B. 3

66. Among college students, frequent binge drinkers are ______ times more likely to engage in unplanned sexual activity, drive after drinking, or get injured than non-binge drinkers. A. 1 to 2 B. 3 to 7 C. 10 to 12 D. 12 to 15

B. 3 to 7

63. Binge drinking is defined as drinking ______ drinks or more in about two hours, at least once within 30 days. A. 4 B. 5 C. 8 D. 10

B. 5

5. The process of fermentation is utilized in making A. gin. B. Wine C. whiskey. D. vodka.

B. Wine

20. One reason that women have higher BACs than men after ingesting the same amount of alcohol is that women have A. lower blood volume. B. a higher percentage of body fat. C. lower average weight. D. less drinking experience.

B. a higher percentage of body fat.

114. A heart attack is also called A. atherosclerosis. B. a myocardial infarction. C. an aortic aneurysm. D. an aortic coarctation.

B. a myocardial infarction.

50. The best definition of a psychoactive drug is a drug that A. increases the rate of physiological functions. B. alters a person's experiences or consciousness. C. is obtained only with a prescription. D. relieves pain and causes relaxation

B. alters a person's experiences or consciousness.

76. Alcoholics who stop drinking on their own often do so because of A. maturation. B. an alcohol-related crisis. C. new relationships. D. the resolution of a problem.

B. an alcohol-related crisis.

11. Alcohol is metabolized A. at the same rate in all people. B. at a varied rate depending on individual characteristics. C. more quickly when the individual is intoxicated. D. at a constant rate within each person.

B. at a varied rate depending on individual characteristics.

52. The effects of fetal alcohol syndrome are A. due to large birth weight of affected babies. B. both physical and mental impairments. C. estimated to be found in about 1 of every 50 live births. D. usually reversed by the time the child is 5 years old.

B. both physical and mental impairments.

107. A component of tobacco smoke that seriously limits the body's ability to use oxygen is A. benzopyrene. B. carbon monoxide. C. formaldehyde. D. tar.

B. carbon monoxide.

129. Clove cigarettes A. contain fewer toxic components than regular tobacco. B. contain more tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide than conventional cigarettes. C. do not have the same health risks as regular tobacco. D. are a safe alternative to regular tobacco cigarettes.

B. contain more tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide than conventional cigarettes.

55. The contemporary term for what was formerly called addiction is now referred to as A. intoxication. B. dependence. C. abuse. D. misuse.

B. dependence.

111. Smoking affects hunger by A. increasing a person's appetite. B. depressing hunger contractions. C. increasing the sensitivity of taste buds. D. decreasing blood sugar level.

B. depressing hunger contractions.

70. A slang term used to describe barbiturates is A. snow. B. downers. C. horse. D. ice.

B. downers.

71. The typical primary effects of central nervous system depressants include all of the following, EXCEPT A. sedation. B. euphoria. C. drowsiness. D. reduced coordination.

B. euphoria.

61. Injecting drugs increases the user's risk of all of the following, EXCEPT A. gangrene. B. herpes. C. HIV infection. D. hepatitis C.

B. herpes.

51. Fetal alcohol syndrome is characterized by A. elevated birth weight. B. impaired mental functioning. C. deafness. D. an extra chromosome.

B. impaired mental functioning.

91. The predominant psychoactive drug in tobacco is A. phenol. B. nicotine. C. benzopyrene. D. tar.

B. nicotine.

64. Having a response to an inert substance given in place of an active drug is called A. paranoia. B. the placebo effect. C. the set effect. D. delusion.

B. the placebo effect.

19. One reason that females usually become intoxicated more quickly than males because A. they have a lower alcohol tolerance. B. the stomach enzyme that metabolizes alcohol is less active in women than in men. C. their livers metabolize alcohol more slowly. D. they metabolize more alcohol in the stomach.

B. the stomach enzyme that metabolizes alcohol is less active in women than in men.

93. The primary reason people continue to use tobacco despite the health risks is because A. they lack the necessary knowledge to make an informed decision. B. they are addicted to nicotine. C. they do not perceive the risks associated as serious as the research suggests. D. carbon monoxide and tar produce extremely pleasurable sensations in the brain.

B. they are addicted to nicotine.

14. Which of the following does not influence how long it takes for alcohol to be absorbed in the stomach? A. carbonation B. time of day that alcohol is consumed C. food in the stomach D. proof of the beverage

B. time of day that alcohol is consumed

70. Requiring more of a substance to get the same desired effect is known as A. withdrawal. B. tolerance. C. antagonism. D. inhibition.

B. tolerance.

42. The legal BAC limit in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia is A. 0.02 percent. B. 0.05 percent. C. 0.08 percent. D. 0.16 percent.

C. 0.08 percent.

21. A man who weighs 150 pounds will metabolize one drink (one beer or glass of wine) in A. 1 or 2 hour. B. 1 hour. C. 2 hours. D. 3 hours.

C. 2 hours.

77. Which of the following statements about alcohol treatment is TRUE? A. Alcoholics must "hit bottom" before they can be helped. B. The first step in the treatment of alcoholism is hospitalization. C. Different alcohol treatment strategies work for different people. D. Most alcoholics do not require a treatment program to stop drinking.

C. Different alcohol treatment strategies work for different people.

136. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)? A. A nonsmoker is not affected by ETS after leaving the smoky environment. B. ETS does not elevate a nonsmoker's risk of heart disease. C. ETS does not elevate a nonsmoker's risk of lung cancer. D. Children are commonly affected by ETS.

C. ETS does not elevate a nonsmoker's risk of lung cancer.

98. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding tobacco use? A. Most smokers want to continue smoking. B. Non-smoking friends are less likely to be supportive of friends who want to quit smoking. C. Smokeless tobacco is highly addictive. D. Some tobacco users reduce health risks by using nicotine-free tobacco.

C. Smokeless tobacco is highly addictive.

142. Lynette has quit smoking. She can expect all of the following changes to occur, EXCEPT A. an enhanced sense of taste. B. an increase in lung function. C. a lack of improvement in circulation. D. an increase in energy levels.

C. a lack of improvement in circulation.

53. Cognitive and behavioral problems for infants born to mothers who drink during pregnancy that is more common than fetal alcohol syndrome is A. cirrhosis. B. alcohol-related cardiac myopathy. C. alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder. D. chronic pancreatitis.

C. alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder.

113. Heart disease caused by the deposit of fatty substances on the walls of arteries is called A. emphysema. B. myocardial infarction. C. atherosclerosis. D. high cholesterol.

C. atherosclerosis.

18. The amount of alcohol in the blood, which is used as a measure of intoxication, is called A. alcohol or blood displacement. B. alcohol impairment measurement. C. blood alcohol concentration. D. blood alcohol ratio.

C. blood alcohol concentration.

35. All of the following are symptoms of hangover, EXCEPT A. diarrhea. B. nausea. C. cough. D. fatigue.

C. cough.

78. An important component of treating alcoholism is A. developing a "buddy" system that doesn't reinforce drinking. B. combining treatment methodologies that are compatible. C. identifying which treatment strategy will be most effective. D. achieving short-term success.

C. identifying which treatment strategy will be most effective.

51. All of the following are characteristics associated with addictive behavior, EXCEPT A. reinforcement. B. compulsion or craving. C. improved control. D. negative consequences.

C. improved control.

110. Which of the following is an effect of nicotine? A. blood vessel dilation B. increased formation of urine C. increased heart rate D. lowered blood pressure

C. increased heart rate

59. Cardiovascular benefits from moderate alcohol consumption may be due to A. reduced stress on the heart muscle. B. lower heart rates. C. increased levels of HDL cholesterol. D. sedation.

C. increased levels of HDL cholesterol.

62. Which method of taking a drug will reach the brain in the LEAST time? A. taken by mouth B. injected directly into the bloodstream C. inhaled through the nose D. absorbed through the skin

C. inhaled through the nose

112. Which of the following is the most widespread cause of death among smokers? A. stroke B. coronary heart disease C. lung cancer D. emphysema

C. lung cancer

67. Negative consequences associated with binge drinking include A. poor academic performance. B. violence. C. unplanned sex. D. all of the above choices.

D. all of the above choices.

13. Which of the following is TRUE regarding the relationship between food and alcohol consumption? A. Eating slows alcohol's intoxicating effects in men more than it does in women. B. Eating slows alcohol's intoxicating effects in women more than it does in men. C. Eating reduces the amount of alcohol absorbed in the small intestine. D. Eating slows alcohol absorption.

D. Eating slows alcohol absorption.

61. Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning alcohol use? A. Women should drink 3 to 4 drinks a day. B. Men can drink as much as they want, as long as it is beer. C. The liver is the only organ adversely affected by heavy drinking. D. Health benefits from alcohol are negated by heavy use.

D. Health benefits from alcohol are negated by heavy use.

43. Which of the following is a good strategy for protecting yourself if you suspect another driver is drunk? A. Stay close so you can read the license plate. B. Honk at them and get them to stop. C. Speed ahead and pass them. D. Maintain a safe distance and stay alert.

D. Maintain a safe distance and stay alert.

140. Which of the following statements is FALSE? A. Research suggests that tobacco users go through many stages before actually quitting. B. Most smokers attempt to quit several times before they finally succeed. C. Research shows that stopping cold turkey is the most effective way to quit smoking. D. Relapse is a normal part of the process when one attempts to quit smoking.

D. Relapse is a normal part of the process when one attempts to quit smoking.

102. Which of the following statements about e-cigarettes is FALSE? A. Many e-cigarettes are flavored, apparently to make them appeal to youngsters and first-time smokers. B. The device's battery heats chemicals to create a vapor that can be inhaled. C. The devices' marketers say that e-cigarettes are safer than conventional cigarettes because they contain only nicotine. D. The FDA reported that e-cigarettes are safe to use.

D. The FDA reported that e-cigarettes are safe to use.

1. Alcohol is similar to other drugs in that A. its use can lead to dependence. B. its physiological effects can cause long-term damage. C. it can impair short-term functioning. D. all of these choices are correct.

D. all of these choices are correct.

36. Death by alcohol poisoning can be caused by A. inhaling fluid or vomit into the lungs. B. central nervous system and respiratory depression. C. neither A nor B. D. both A and B.

D. both A and B.

8. Which of the following beverages has the highest concentration of alcohol? A. sherry B. wine C. ale D. brandy

D. brandy

45. A disease of the liver caused by excessive and chronic drinking is A. atherosclerosis of the liver. B. hepatic sclerosis. C. hepatic myopathy. D. cirrhosis.

D. cirrhosis.

60. A psychological risk factor for drug dependence is A. fetal exposure. B. sibling drug abuse. C. parent drug abuse. D. difficulty controlling impulses.

D. difficulty controlling impulses.

40. The connection between the amount of alcohol or drug consumed and the type and intensity of the drug's effects is called the A. therapeutic index. B. multiple dose relationship. C. prescription standard. D. dose-response relationship.

D. dose-response relationship.

141. To increase the chance for success when attempting to quit smoking, you should A. wear a nicotine patch while you smoke. B. substitute smokeless tobacco for cigarettes. C. substitute clove cigarettes. D. enlist support.

D. enlist support.

52. Which characteristic of addictive behavior is when an individual needs more and more of a particular substance? A. reinforcement B. compulsion C. loss of control D. escalation

D. escalation

96. People who quit smoking suddenly may have all of the following symptoms, EXCEPT A. depression. B. muscular pains. C. nausea. D. increased attentiveness.

D. increased attentiveness.

15. The main site of alcohol metabolism is in the A. small intestine. B. stomach. C. colon. D. liver.

D. liver.

73. Which of the following is NOT typically associated with use of hallucinogens? A. altered states of consciousness B. synesthesia C. feelings of depersonalization D. physical dependence

D. physical dependence

46. Which of the following is associated with cirrhosis? A. destruction of digestive enzymes B. accelerated liver function C. increased metabolism of alcohol D. replacement of liver cells with scar tissue

D. replacement of liver cells with scar tissue

69. Central nervous system depressants are also known as A. hallucinogens. B. narcotics. C. deliriants. D. sedative-hypnotics.

D. sedative-hypnotics.

132. Smoke emitted from the burning end of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe is referred to as ______ smoke. A. mainstream B. primary C. secondary D. sidestream

D. sidestream

66. In terms of drug use, setting means the A. user's expectations. B. placebo effect. C. overall effects of the drug. D. social environment.

D. social environment.

54. Alcohol consumption by the mother can pose risks for the fetus A. during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. B. during the 19th to 24th weeks of pregnancy. C. during the 25th to 36th weeks of pregnancy. D. throughout the pregnancy.

D. throughout the pregnancy.

116. Which of the following cardiovascular diseases is linked to cigarette smoking? A. stroke B. pulmonary heart disease C. aortic aneurysm D. stroke and pulmonary heart disease E. All of these choices are correct.

E. All of these choices are correct.

122. Which of the following health concerns is associated with smoking? A. ulcers B. gum and periodontal disease C. reduced fertility in men and women D. impotence E. All of these choices are correct.

E. All of these choices are correct.

133. Which of the following is an effect of environmental tobacco smoke? A. lung cancer B. sinus infections C. headaches D. sinus infections and headaches E. All of these choices.

E. All of these choices.

74. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding drug treatment? A. There is no single best method of treatment. B. Many studies show that being treated is only successful if combined with drug testing. C. To be successful, treatment must deal with the reasons behind people's drug abuse. D. There is no single best method of treatment and, to be successful, treatment must deal with the reasons behind people's drug abuse. E. All of these statements are true.

E. All of these statements are true.