Healthy Lifestyles- Chpt. 1

Health and wellness are best described as: a) dynamic b) determined by genes c) static d) determined by the environment

a) dynamic

Going out for dinner at your favorite restaurant as a reward for finishing a big project is an example of a: a) consumable reinforcer. b) social reinforcer. c) manipulative reinforcer. d) possessional reinforcer.

a) consumable reinforcer

Which of the following were cited by college students in a national survey as major impediments to performing well academically? a) carrying a too-heavy course load b) substance abuse c) stress, anxiety, and sleep difficulties d) repeated strep infections

c) stress, anxiety, and sleep difficulties

An appraisal of the relationship between an object, action, or idea and some attribute related to it is a(n): a) motivation. b) attitude. c) analysis. d) belief.

d) belief

A sedentary lifestyle, overuse of caffeine, and risky sexual practices are examples of: a) voluntary determinants of health. b) nonmodifiable determinants of health. c) involuntary determinants of health. d) modifiable determinants of health.

d) modifiable determinants of health.

Differences in cancer mortality among specific populations are an example of: a) health disparities. b) biological determinants. c) risk behaviors. d) medical malpractice.

a) health disparities.

Having unprotected sex is considered a: a) risk behavior. b) health promotion. c) medical treatment. d) health disparities.

a) risk behavior

Which of the following statements about mindfulness is true? a) Research linking mindfulness to improved health is inconclusive. b) An essential component of mindfulness is awareness of oneself and one's environment. c) Mindfulness is a religious practice in which the individual contemplates the divine. d) The practice of mindfulness emerged in the United States in the 1970s.

b) An essential component of mindfulness is awareness of oneself and one's environment.

All of the following are basic mindfulness skills EXCEPT: a) cultivating compassion for a friend with financial problems. b) tuning out a noisy student in the library. c) acknowledging that you are not perfect. d) acknowledging your disappointment at a poor grade.

b) tuning out a noisy student in the library.

Emotional health can best be described as being able to: a) chance to wipe out past mistakes. b) stressful situation. c) isolated event. d) process that occurs in stages

d) process that occurs in stages

The science that views negative health events as resulting from individuals' interactions with their physical or social environment is: a) disease prevention. b) medicine. c) immunology. d) public health.

d) public health.

Which behavior change model involves six distinct stages and is also known as the stages of change model? a) health belief model b) social cognitive model c) shaping model d) transtheoretical model

d) transtheoretical model

The achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of several dimensions is: a) recovery. b) motivation. c) fitness. d) wellness

d) wellness

Young adults (ages 15-24) are most likely to die from: a) heart disease. b) cancer. c) homicide. d) accidents.

d) accidents.

To successfully change a behavior, a person must recognize that change is a(n): a) chance to wipe out past mistakes. b) stressful situation. c) isolated event. d) process that occurs in stages

d) process that occurs in stages

The process of taking small individual steps toward a behavior change goal is: a) punishment b) enabling c) shaping d) self-talk

d) self talk

The change model based on three factors (social environment, thoughts and feelings, and behaviors) in interaction with each other is known as the: a) health belief model. b) behavior modification model. c) transtheoretical model. d) social cognitive model

d) social cognitive model

Emotional health can best be described as being able to: a) maintain satisfying interpersonal relationships. b) feel and express emotions appropriately c) think clearly, without emotional influence. d) adapt to various social situations.

b) feel and express emotions appropriately

Health promotion: a) involves social justice efforts aimed at achieving health care for all Americans. b) includes policies, programs, and financial support for initiatives that promote health. c) focuses on curing the most prevalent diseases. d) refers to fundraising campaigns for health-related organizations.

b) includes policies, programs, and financial support for initiatives that promote health

A trait or behavior that a person can actively control, such as eating habits, is a(an): a) environmental influence. b) modifiable determinant. c) biological determinant. d) social determinant.

b) modifiable determinant

Not allowing yourself to think about stage fright and focusing only on the content of your speech when preparing for a presentation is an example of: a) a situational reinforcer. b) positive reinforcement. c) blocking and stopping. d) countering.

c) blocking and stopping

The science of epigenetic studies: a) the structure of our genes. b) how genes influence an individual's behavioral choices. c) how behavioral choices influence our cells' ability to use genes. d) patterns of inheritance.

c) how behavioral choices influence our cells' ability to use genes.

Which health model views treating disease through medications and surgery as the surest way to improve health? a) environmental model b) public health model c) medical model d) social model

c) medical model

A person's bone structure is an example of a(n): a) behavioral choice. b) epigenetic factor. c) nonmodifiable determinant. d) environmental influence.

c) nonmodifiable determinant.

Based on a recent cholesterol screening, Marlon decided that he has to stop eating so much fast food and get more exercise. Between work and school, his free time is limited, but he is determined to lower his cholesterol level and improve his overall health. The best way for Marlon to stay motivated to improve his diet and work out regularly is to: a) depend on his friends to keep him away from his favorite fast-food restaurants. b) make weekly resolutions for how many times to work out and chastise himself if he hasn't accomplished his planned goal. c) set reasonable short- and long-term goals and reward himself for meeting them. d) set an ambitious goal and chart daily and weekly progress using online tools.

c) set reasonable short- and long-term goals and reward himself for meeting them