INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY FINAL EXAM

As we sleep our mind converts Latent Content

AKA raw thoughts and feelings of the unconscious

Insomnia interventions - Stimulus control

Aims to restore the learned association between the bedroom and sleeping by setting regular bed and wake times, avoiding napping, and utilizing the bedroom only for sleep (or sex)

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) is the therapy approach created by ______.

Albert Ellis

Which of the following approaches to psychotherapy has NOT been adapted for use with group therapy clients?

All of the other listed choices (psychodynamic and behavioral) have been adapted for use with groups

____ are standardized paper-and-pencil forms that parents, teachers, or other adults complete regarding a child's presenting problems

Behavior rating scales

"Client behaviors are not the signs of underlying issues. The behaviors are the problems." This reflects a ___

Behavioral perspective

When the client is a child, the clinical psychologist's interview process typically includes ___

Both the child's and the adult's who know the child well

______ is a pioneer of the humanistic approach to psychotherapy.

Carl Rodgers

Self-instructional training is a form of psychotherapy with children that derives from the ____ approach to psychotherapy

Cognitive approach

Sleep restriction

Consists of limiting the time spend in bed to the actual amount of time spent sleeping. Sleep efficiency is calculated in order to build a debt of sleep on some nights, allowing the client to fall asleep more easily in the following nights

Sleep Psychology - Training

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in psychology - Or A Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) degree - With specialized experience in behavioral sleep medicine. - Graduate schools that have AASM-accredited sleep programs (the American Academy of Sleep Medicine). - They offer to work alongside a faculty advisor with expertise in the sleep psychology field. - To find a sleep-related clinical internship sitting.

According to the humanistic approach, there are three essential therapeutic conditions that characterize successful therapist-client relationships. ______ is among these three essential therapeutic conditions

Empathy

More than any other form of therapy, ______ therapy is characterized by a systems approach to understanding psychological problems.

Family

A ______ is a paper-and-pencil method of creating a family tree that incorporates detailed information about the relationships among family members.

Genogram

Group therapists are most likely to encourage clients to examine ______.

Here-and-now relationships with fellow group members

As a family therapist, Dr. Langstrom talks to the family he is treating about their family comfort zone or "set point." In family therapy terms, what Dr. Langstrom is really discussing is ______.

Homeostasis

According to Yalom, ______, or learning from in-group interpersonal experiences, is at the heart of group therapy.

Interpersonal Learning

insomnia interventions - Cognitive Therapy

Involves uncovering faulty underlying beliefs regarding sleep, providing alternative interpretations, and allowing the patient to consider their insomnia in a different way.

______ has emerged as a leading figure in the interpersonal approach to group therapy.

Irvin Yalom

Which of the following statements about free association is NOT true?

It asks clients to say the first word that comes to mind after the therapist speaks a word

______ is a type of family therapy designed for adolescents with long-term behavioral and emotional problems that have resulted in trouble with the legal system

Multisystemic Family Therapy

What type of an assessment would be necessary for assessing an individual after a Traumatic Brain Injury?

Neuropsychological Test

Therapy groups may either be ______, allowing individual members to enter or leave at any time, or ______, requiring members to enter and finish therapy together

Open-enrollment; closed-enrollment

Dreams

Our dreams communicate unconscious material.

____ is a form of behavioral therapy in which therapists teach parents to use techniques based on conditioning to modify problematic behavior in their children

Parent training

Relaxation

Patients are asked to look into consistent relaxation methods that provide a calm, passive attitude before rest: Autogenic training, Imagery, and Meditation.

____ Promotes both mental and physical health of children with medical conditions

Pediatric Psychology

The House-Tree-Person test and the Robert's Appreception Test are examples of ____ used with child clients

Projective techniques

The notions of family structure, subsystems, and boundaries are important components of the type of family therapy practiced by ______.

Salvador Minuchin

By definition resiliency refers to

The ability to bounce back from a stressful situation

points In group therapy, a client's experience that "we're all in the same boat" best describes the therapeutic factor labeled by Irvin Yalom as ______.

Universality

For both children and adolescents, the most commonly used specific assessment technique is the ____

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children

When assessing a child patient ___

a multi score, multi method, multi setting approach is recommended

Sleep Psychology

addresses various factors that underlie normal and disordered sleep across the life span whether behavioral, psychological or physiological. It makes use of evidence based psychological approaches which is beneficial for the prevention and treatment of sleep disorders and related conditions

The career of Ivan Pavlov is most closely associated with ______ therapy

behavior

The Conner's Rating Scale and the Child Behavior Checklist are examples of ____

behavior rating scales

The idea that the way we think about events determines the way we respond to them is a cornerstone of ______ therapy

cognitive

Which of the following forms of therapy most strongly emphasizes the use of teaching as a therapy tool?

cognitive

______, according to psychodynamic psychotherapists, is the therapist's unconscious tendency to interact with clients as if the client is very similar to an individual from the therapist's own personal history

countertransference

School Psychology

devoted to counseling children in elementary and secondary schools who have academic or emotional problems

According to psychodynamic theory, the ______ is the part of the mind that generates defense mechanisms

ego

The removal of an expected reinforcement that results in a decrease in the frequency of a behavior is known as ______.

extinction

The genogram is an assessment technique used most often by ______ therapists.

family

Compared to psychodynamic psychotherapy, cognitive psychotherapy tends to ______.

focus on the clients current problems

Although psychological symptoms may appear maladaptive, they are often in fact adaptive within the family environment of the individual. Family therapists refer to this idea as ______.

functionalism

______, feelings of interconnections among group members, plays the same role in group therapy that the therapeutic alliance plays in individual therapy.

group cohesiveness

Which of the following best describes the three-step process typically used by cognitive psychotherapists to revise a client's cognition's?

identify illogical thoughts, challenge illogical thoughts, replace illogical thoughts with more logical thoughts

According to the cognitive approach to psychotherapy, psychological problems arise from ______.

illogical thoughts or interpretations of events in our lives

According to the humanistic approach, ______ is the root of psychopathology

incongruence

Regarding the causes of psychological problems, ______ therapists tend to endorse a linear model of causality, whereas ______ therapists tend to endorse a circular model of causality.

individual; family

The term ______ succinctly captures the primary goal of psychodynamic psychotherapy.

insight

Most group therapies strongly emphasize ______, taking advantage of the fact that the group therapy experience is based on interacting with other people.

interpersonal interaction

The primary goal of cognitive psychotherapy is ______

logical thinking

According to the psychodynamic approach, the actual plot of a dream as the dreamer remembers it is the ______.

manifest content

A behavior therapist is most likely to judge the success of treatment via changes in the patient's ______.

observable behavior

The main goal of behavior therapy is ______.

observable behavior change

dream work

process by which the latent content of a dream is converted into manifest content is called . Symbols to express wishes, unconscious wishes appeared in a distorted/ disguised form

Of the following approaches to psychotherapy, which most heavily relies on inferential methods?

psychodynamic

When implementing behavioral observation with a child client, the psychologist should be on the lookout for ____ in which the child's behaviors change simply because the child realizes they are being watched by the psychologist

reactivity

Humanistic psychotherapists believe that individuals are born with a tendency toward healthy growth. The term that best describes this tendency is ______.

self-actualization

____ is a form of therapy with children in which clients learn to talk themselves through situations in which their behaviors might be problematic

self-instructional training

Family therapy takes a ___ approach

systematic

According to the ACEs study the more ACES one has

the lower his/her risk becomes for negative outcomes

The primary goal of psychodynamic psychotherapy is ______.

to make the unconscious conscious

Cognitive therapists ______.

use the terms thoughts, beliefs, and assumptions to refer to cognition's

When a patient is asked to engage in ______, the therapist presents the patient with a word, and the patient is to respond with the first word that comes to mind.

word association