Nutrition 1020 SNOW

how a person's lifestyle choices affect diet

1. A person's lifestyle may increase or decrease their likelihood of developing a chronic disease or delay their occurrence for years, even decades

Carbs

4 kcal/g

Proteins

4 kcal/g

Alcohol

7 kcal/g

Lipids/Fats

9 kcal/g

AMDR

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range: A range of intakes for a particular energy source that is associated with reduced risk of chronic disease while providing adequate intakes of essential nutrients.

What do American's buy more than what is recommended?

Added fats and oils, added sugars and sweeteners, high-fat protein foods, and grains.

Which are more nutritious for you - organic crops or conventional crops

Considerable uncertainty and controversy remain on whether or not organic foods are more nutritious than conventional foods

What standard can help you compare nutritional contents of packaged foods to make more healthful choices?

Daily Values

DRI

Dietary Reference Intakes; a. Set of energy and nutrient intake standards that can be used as references when making dietary recommendations.

EAR

Estimated Average Requirements- Average amount sufficient for half (50%) of population

EER

Estimated energy requirement - average dietary energy intake to maintain energy balance

The FDA does not require dietary supplement manufactures and sellers to provide what?

Evidence that labelling claims are accurate and truthful before they appear on product containers

Health Claim

FDA-approved claim that can be included on a food's packaging to describe a specific health benefit

FNB

Food and Nutrition Board -group of scientists who develop DRIs

Identify and define the three most common claims the FDA allows on food labels (health claims, structure/function claims, nutrient content claims).

Health Claims Structure/Function Claims Nutrition Content Claims

Top 10 leading causes of death

Heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory infections, stroke, accidents, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, influenza and pneumonia, kidney disease, suicide, and all other causes.

Energy Dense

High or low nutrient but high calories. Supplies energy given the weight of food. Fatty foods, nuts, peanut butter, avocados, olive oil

Empty Calories

Supplies high calories with little to no nutrients. Candy, hostess treats, snack chips

Enriched

The addition to a food of nutrients that were lost during processing so that the food will meet a specified standard

Why is it important to study nutrition?

To select the appropriate mix of nutrients for proper body functioning

UL

Tolerable upper intake level. The maximum daily amount of a nutrient that appears safe for most healthy people and beyond which there is an increased risk of adverse health effects.

What do americans buy less than what is recommended?

Vegetables, dairy products, and fruit.

Lifestyle

a routine way of living, which includes one's usual dietary practices and exercise habits

Identify the portion sizes of food with their hand position

a. Half a fist- ½ cup of pasta rice or potatoes b. Cupped hand - 1 oz of salad dressing or cheese c. Tip of thumb - 1 tbsp of peanut butter or vegetable oil d. Tip of index finger - 1 tsp of margarine or butter e. Palm of hand - 3 oz of cooked meat or chicken f. Fist - 1 cup of cereal or large apple

Name the six Key Nutrition Concepts and understand what they mean

a. Most Foods are mixtures of nutrients: Many nutrients are found in many different types of food. There is not one food that supplies all of the nutrients needed by our body. b. Variety, Moderation, and Balance Can Help Ensure A Diet's Nutritional Adequacy; Variety: Consume foods from each food group; Balance: Balance between food taken in and calories going out (exercise); Moderation: Proportion or amount of food we eat. c. Food is the Best Source of Nutrients: The most reliable and economical way for people to obtain nutrients is to base their diet on a variety of whole and minimally processed foods. Supplements create toxicity levels in the body. d. Foods and Nutrients They Contain Are One of the Many Components of Health: There is no one food that will "cure-all" the ills of the world. Eating a variety ensures a strong body to fight off diseases. Diet is only one of many factors that affect our health e. Malnutrition Includes Overnutrition as Well as Undernutrition; Overnutrition: eating too much and becoming obese; Undernutrition: not eating enough and suffering from deficiency diseases. f. Nutrition Is a Dynamic Science: As researchers continue to explore the complex relationships between diet and health, nutrition information and dietary recommendations constantly change

AI

adequate intake -- used when insufficient evidence exists for EAR, RDA

Nutrition Content Claims

are claims about the content of certain nutrients or substances in a food, such as 'low in fat' or 'good source of calcium'

Macronutrients

carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Structure/Function Claims

claims on the label that describe how a nutrient or dietary compound affects the structure or function of the human body (bones, digestion)

What are the five food groups?

grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy, protein

Nutrient dense

having a high amount of nutrients relative to the number of calories

Essential Nutrient

nutrient that must be supplied by food

Fortified

nutrients added to foods that were never there

RDA

recommended dietary allowance, recommended daily allowance

Peristalisis

waves of muscular contraction that help push food through your digestive system