Nutrition Quiz

The school nurse knows that many children with attention deficit problems are also learning disabled. What should the nurse teach the parents about children with learning deficits?

Experience perceptual difficulties that make learning problematic

A nurse is teaching the parents of an infant with cerebral palsy how to provide optimal care. What should the nurse include in the teaching?

Preserving muscle tone to prevent joint contractures

The student nurse is learning about the pathophysiology of lead poisoning in children. Where in the body does lead ultimately settle, remaining inert and in storage?

bones

The school nurse presents a program on Reye syndrome to the Parent-Teacher Association. After the program the nurse talks with a group of parents. Which statement by a mother indicates the need for additional education on Reye syndrome?

"I should watch for my child's skin to turn yellow during the recovery from varicella."

A 4-year-old boy with Reye syndrome is beginning to show signs of recovery. The intracranial pressure has receded, the vital signs are stable, the fever has subsided, and urine output is within the acceptable range for the child's weight and fluid intake. What should the nurse tell the parents about their son's recovery?

"The recovery is now progressing as we'd hoped."

Which pain scale should a nurse use to measure the intensity of pain in toddlers?

FACES scale

Which finding in the urinalysis of a 5½-year-old child will alert the nurse to consider the possibility of lead-induced kidney damage?

Protein

The parents of a child with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis tell the nurse they are concerned about activity restrictions after discharge. Which level of activity following discharge would the nurse provide teaching about?

Activity is permitted alternating with rest

An infant with a cleft lip is fed with a special nipple. What should the nurse teach the parents about feeding their infant to minimize regurgitation?

Burp frequently

The parents of a toddler tell the nurse the family has been living in a very old building. The nurse should carefully assess the child for the irreversible effects of possible lead poisoning by focusing on the what?

CNS

A 10-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit in vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis. The nurse manager is planning to assign a room. Which child is the best roommate option for this client?

Child with thalassemia

A school nurse is teaching a group of teachers' aides about the cause of lead poisoning in children. What should be considered in terms of prevention?

Environmental factors are involved because lead is available for ingestion and inhalation.

A 7-year-old child loses consciousness a few days after a traumatic head injury that resulted in a subdural hematoma. While assessing extraocular movements, the nurse notes that the child is displaying the oculocephalic reflex. What does the nurse conclude about the presence of the oculocephalic reflex in an unconscious child?

Expected

A nurse who works in a fertility clinic is discussing the inheritance pattern of sickle cell disease with the parents of a school-aged child with the disease. The parents are planning to have a second child. What does the nurse know is the parental genotypic makeup

Father heterozygous (sickle trait), mother heterozygous (sickle trait

According to the nurse describing Erikson's theory, in which stage does a preschooler start to pretend?

Initiative versus guilt stage

A nurse in the pediatric clinic suspects that Reye syndrome is developing in a 9-year-old child. For which early signs of Reye syndrome should the nurse assess the child? Select all that apply.

Lethargy Vomiting Confusion

A 1-month-old infant with hydrocephalus is scheduled to have surgery for the insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. What is the primary focus of nursing interventions for this infant?

Maintaining a satisfactory comfort level to limit crying

A school-aged child with Kawasaki disease is in pain caused by the desquamating rash. What does the primary nurse identify as the best short-term goal for this child?

Pain will be maintained at a level of 3 on a 0-to-10 scale

An 8-year-old child is admitted to the emergency department with signs and symptoms of Reye syndrome. What information from the child's history is most important for the nurse to obtain in light of the child's tentative diagnosis

Recent viral infection

A 3-week-old infant is admitted with a tentative diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Before conducting the admission assessment of the abdomen, the nurse moves the infant's legs in a bicycling-type motion. How does this help the nurse's assessment?

Relaxes abdominal muscles

A nurse is caring for an infant after a cleft lip repair. Which item should the nurse use to feed the infant for several days after the surgery?

Rubber tipped syringe

A nurse is assessing a 1-month-old infant with suspected hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS). Referring to the figure, in what area should the nurse expect to palpate an olive-shaped mass?

Slightly above & to the right of the umbilicus

A complete blood count is prescribed for a 5-month-old infant with tetralogy of Fallot. What does the nurse expect to see when reviewing the laboratory results?

polycythemia

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, what is the correct order of a child's behavior as they age?

1. Autonomy 2. Superego or conscious 3. Work & play w peers 4. Appearance & body image

An infant is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) after open-heart surgery for the repair of a ventricular septal defect. Place these nursing assessments in order of priority

1. RR 2. HR 3. IV 4. Surgical site 5. Output

An infant with a cleft lip and palate is admitted to the hospital for surgical repair. Place the nurse's postoperative interventions in order of priority.

1.Maintaining a patent airway 2.Preventing vomiting 3.Monitoring parenteral fluid infusions 4. Teaching parents alternate feeding methods 5. Assessing infant's hearing status

During change-of-shift report, the oncoming nurse receives information about a 14-month-old infant who underwent cleft palate repair the previous day. The child is currently on a full-liquid diet from cups only. No spoons or straws are allowed in the child's mouth. In addition, the child has elbow restraints on both arms. What care should the nurse include during the course of the shift?

Finish each meal w drink of water

A nurse is obtaining a health history from the mother of a 2-month-old infant with a diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS). What is the most significant finding about the cause of the infant's HPS?

First cousin had surgery for HPS

A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a 10-month-old infant who was injured in an automobile collision. The infant, who is quiet but does not appear lethargic, has a large hematoma on the left temporal area. What sign of neurologic involvement is the most critical to identify?

Persistent vomiting

An adolescent child is admitted to a pediatric unit with the tentative diagnosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN). What diagnostic tests does the nurse expect will be performed to confirm this diagnosis?

Serum complement (C3) activity level and urinalysis

A school-aged child is being observed overnight for responses to a closed head injury sustained when the child fell off a piece of playground equipment. The nurse knows to call the healthcare provider immediately if which symptom occurs?

Child begins vomiting

A nurse is teaching the parents of a school-aged child with sickle cell anemia about ways to prevent sickling. What should the nurse explain as the primary cause of sickling?

hypoxia

What is the current minimum level of lead in the blood used to identify children associated with exposure to lead hazards, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012?

5mcg

An 8-year-old child with a history of asthma is brought to the emergency department because of respiratory distress. The nurse immediately places the child in a bed with the head of the bed elevated and administers oxygen by means of a face mask. The healthcare provider performs a physical assessment, writes prescriptions, and admits the child to the pediatric unit. Which instruction should the nurse carry out first?

Administer the nebulizer treatment.

A 6-month-old infant is to be on nothing-by-mouth (NPO) status for 4 hours before surgery for cleft palate repair. What is the most important concern for the infant before surgery?

Altered fluid intake before surgery

An infant with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is admitted to the pediatric unit. What does the nurse expect to find when palpating the infant's abdomen?

An olive-sized mass in the right upper quadrant

A nurse is caring for a child with a tentative diagnosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN). What test does the nurse expect to be used to confirm the diagnosis

Antistreptolysin O titer

A 2½-year-old boy who has undergone surgery to revise a ventriculoperitoneal shunt is to be discharged. The nurse advises the parents to call the clinic if the child does what?

Appears drowsy after a nap and becomes irritable

A child with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis requests a snack. Which is the most therapeutic selection of food the nurse can provide?

Apple sauce

According to Erikson's stages of life, what is the stage when a child begins walking, feeding, and using the toilet?

Autonomy versus sense of shame and doubt

The preoperative nurse is reviewing a child's history and physical before repair of a ventricular septal defect. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect?

Bilateral lung sounds with rales and rhonchi

A nurse is caring for a school-aged child with Reye syndrome. For what complication should the nurse be particularly alert?

Bleeding and ecchymoses from liver involvement

The nurse is caring for a young child diagnosed with lead poisoning. Which finding indicates that the client has suffered from high-dose exposure to lead?

Blind

At the age of 3 weeks an infant undergoes surgery to repair a cleft lip. What should postoperative nursing care include?

Cleansing the suture line to prevent infection

A 3-year-old child with the diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot is brought to the United States by a charitable organization for cardiac surgery. What should the nurse expect when conducting an admission assessment of the child?

Clubbing of fingers

Which result does the nurse anticipate when providing care to a preschool-age child who successfully completes tasks associated with this stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?

Direction and purpose

A 3-month-old infant is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot. The nurse's assessment reveals that the infant's weight has declined from the 25th percentile to the 5th. The nurse concludes that what is the most likely reason for this inadequate weight gain?

Inadequate oxygen perfusion leading to activity intolerance, resulting in diminished energy to nurse

Before discharging a 9-year-old child who is being treated for acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN), what information should the nurse plan to give the parents?

Instructions about which high-sodium foods to avoid

A 3-month-old infant with tetralogy of Fallot is admitted for a diagnostic workup in preparation for corrective surgery. The morning after cardiac catheterization the infant suddenly becomes cyanotic and begins breathing rapidly. In what position should the nurse immediately place the infant?

Knee-Chest

A child is brought to the emergency department after sustaining a blow to the head while playing football after school. The nurse performs a neurologic assessment to determine whether the child has an acute head injury. What should the nurse assess first?

LOC

A 6-year-old child comes to the well-child clinic for a routine examination. The nurse identifies black lines on the teeth at the gum line. What does the nurse suspect as the cause of this finding

Lead poisoning

An infant who underwent revision of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt is found to have meningitis, the result of an infected shunt. What clinical manifestations support this conclusion? Select all that apply.

Lethargy Fever Stiff Neck Depressed fontanels

hen preparing a child with asthma for discharge, what instructions must the nurse emphasize to the family? Select all that apply.

Limit allergens & continue meds even if the child is asymptomatic

A nurse is caring for an infant who just underwent surgery for a cleft lip. In which position should the nurse place the infant?

Low fowler

An emergency tracheotomy has been performed on a 6-year-old child with acute epiglottitis, and the child is receiving humidified air through a tracheotomy collar. What early clinical manifestations of hypoxia should alert the nurse to suction the tracheotomy?

Restlessness and increase in pulse

While obtaining the health history of a 15-month-old toddler, the child of a migrant worker, a nurse learns that the infant recently had a fever, runny nose, cough, and white spots in the mouth lasting 3 days. A rash started on the face and spread to the whole body. What communicable disease does the nurse suspect the infant suffered from?

Rubeola

A 15-year-old adolescent with Down syndrome is scheduled for surgery. The parents inform the nurse that their child has a mental age of 8 years. At what age level should the nurse prepare the child's preoperative teaching plan?

School-age, because this is the child's developmental age

A nurse in the emergency department notes large welts and scars on the back of a toddler who has been admitted for an asthma attack. What additional information must be included in the nurse's assessment?

Signs of child abuse

A mother brings her 6-year-old child to the pediatric clinic, stating that the child has not been feeling well, is weak and lethargic, and has a poor appetite, headaches, and smoky-colored urine. What additional information should the nurse obtain that will aid diagnosis?

Strep throat in the last 2 weeks

The mother of an infant with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) asks the nurse many questions about the problem. What information should the nurse convey when answering these questions?

Surgery is usually necessary

What is the most appropriate nursing intervention for an adolescent child with sickle cell anemia?

Teaching the family how to limit sickling episodes

A nurse in the pediatric clinic is assessing an infant who had a revision of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. What clinical finding alerts the nurse that intracranial pressure has increased?

Tension of the anterior fontanel

In the well-child clinic a nurse teaches a group of parents about guidelines that may prevent Reye syndrome in their preschool-aged children. What should the nurse tell the parents?

Use a medication other than aspirin when your child has a fever.

A ventroperitoneal shunt is inserted in a 4-month-old infant with hydrocephalus. Which signs of shunt failure should the nurse teach the parents during preparations for the infant's discharge? Select all that apply.

Vomiting Distended fontanells

A 6-week-old infant is brought to the clinic by the parents. The mother states that the baby has been vomiting with increasing frequency and force after feeding. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is diagnosed by the practitioner. What clinical manifestations of HPS does the nurse expect to assess in this infant? Select all that apply.

White vomitus Peristaltic waves Insatiable hunger

A nurse in the pediatric clinic is assessing an 8-year-old child who has had asthma since infancy. What clinical finding requires immediate intervention?

audible wheezing

The parents of an infant with tetralogy of Fallot ask a nurse about the problems involved with this disorder. When answering, what must the nurse consider?

he disorder consists of right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect, pulmonic stenosis, and overriding aorta.