OMGT 5373 - Week 1-3 quizzes

_________ is a statistical technique for determining the existence of differences among several population means.

ANOVA

If quality is built into the product properly, then ___ can be greatly reduced.

After-the-fact inspection

Managing for quality in organizational processes has been referred to as ________ while managing product quality has been referred to as ___________.

Big Q, little q

What tool is also known as the "fishbone" diagram?

Cause and Effect Diagram

A ______________ provides a way to collect and tally data points at the locations where the data are generated. The data can be quantitative or qualitative.

Check Sheet

What tool of the seven basic tools is useful for collecting a set of data points from one or more locations?

Check Sheet

A time chart designed to display signals or warning of special cause variation is known as a _____________.

Control Chart

The most widespread alternative structure to the traditional organization chart and its siloed quality disciples in:

Cross-Functional Organization

A(n) _________ shows the distribution of values produced by a process.

Histogram

____________ are also known as frequency charts.

Histograms

____________ works with product design to develop realistic product specifications.

Industrial Engineering and process designing

The birth of the modern total quality movement in the United States came as a direct response to the quality revolution in ___ following _____.

Japan, World War II

What are four major categories used on a "fishbone" diagram?

Manpower Materials Methods Machines

The concept of quality in products and services can trace its early roots back to ____.

Medieval Europe

A __________ shows on a bar graph which factors are more significant.

Pareto Chart

What tool ranks items from the highest to the lowest frequency?

Pareto Chart

___________ is known for the 80/20 rule.

Pareto Chart

What tool separates the vital few from the trivial many?

Pareto chart

A ___________ helps show trends or patterns, but cannot tell you if a process is stable.

Run Chart

A ______________ is just a line graph of data plotted over time.

Run Chart

______________ are graphs used to study how data about aspects of a process change over time, without evaluating them against a broader context or analysis.

Run Chart

A ________ shows the relationship between two factors.

Scatter Diagram

__________ are commonly set up as a grid allowing for two factors to be recorded at once.

Scatter Diagram

Pre-hypothesis, hypothesis, experiment, and evaluation are all parts of the approach known as the ________ .

Scientific Method

A _______________ is a visual representation of the path an entity (e.g., product, person, material) takes through a production facility or process.

Spaghetti Diagram

The US approach to quality, emphasizing not only statistics but approaches that embrace quality in the entire organization, became known as ____.

Total Quality Management

Deming

i. Created 14 points

Shingo

i. Created SMED ii. Created the poka yoke and "zero quality control" concepts (systems over tools)

Taguchi

i. Created the loss function formula

Ishikawa

i. Developed the fishbone diagram ii. Created the 7 basic problem solving tools

Juran

i. Known for his "universal breakthrough sequence" ii. Known for his "quality trilogy"

Crosby

i. Wrote "Quality is Free" ii. Known for the "Absolutes of Quality Management" iii. Developed the "Goal Post" theory

Feigenbaum

i. Wrote the book "Total Quality Control" ii. Popularized the "hidden factory"

The ______ gives a graphical arrangement of potential causes of a problem.

Fishbone Diagram

A ________ is a visual representation of the sequence of steps and decisions needed to perform a process.

Flow Chart

What tool can be used to show process flow?

Flow Chart

In the 1920s, the Scientific Method was simplified into the worker-friendly process we call the ____________ .

Deming or Shewhart Cycle

PDCA/PDSA is also known as the _________.

Deming or Shewhart Cycle

___________ means how well the product or service meets the specifications determined by designers.

Quality Conformance

The discipline by which quality characteristics are embedded into the product or service is known as ________.

Quality Design

Juran and Gryna identified 3 groupings of quality activities known as the Juran Trilogy. Which of the following items are not in the Juran Trilogy? a. Quality Management b. Quality Planning c. Quality Improvement d. Quality Control

Quality Management

All of these are key differences between traditional organizations and customer-driven organizations, EXCEPT: a. "Marketing is driven by organizational operational needs" vs "Marketing is driven by stakeholder returns." b. "Customers are irrational, a pain, and a bottleneck to profitability" vs "The voice of the customer is important, with courtesy, empathy, respect and attention required to them." c. "Decisions are product-driven" vs "Decisions are customer-driven." d. "Process management focuses on error and defect detection" vs "Process management focuses on error and defect preventions."

a. "Marketing is driven by organizational operational needs" vs "Marketing is driven by stakeholder returns."

With reference to Cost of Quality (Prevention, Appraisal, Internal Failure, and External Failure), write the type of cost in the right column for the action or characteristic listed in the left column. (The costs can be used more than once.) a. Test and inspection b. Returns c. Training d. Periodically Measuring the Calibration of Instruments e. Ensuring a design that can be manufactured f. Recalls g. Scrap h. Quality planning i. Rework

a. Test and inspection (Appraisal) b. Returns (External Failure) c. Training (Prevention) d. Periodically Measuring the Calibration of Instruments (Appraisal) e. Ensuring a design that can be manufactured (Prevention) f. Recalls (External Failure) g. Scrap (Internal Failure) h. Quality planning (Prevention) i. Rework (Internal Failure)