Philosophy Ch. 9
Advocates of welfare-based principles view the concerns of other theories — material equality, the level of primary goods of the least advantaged, resources, desert-claims, or liberty — as derivative concerns.
True
An older notion of liberty that has recently undergone resurgence is the republican, or neo-Roman, conception of liberty which has its roots in the writings of Cicero and Niccolo Machiavelli.
True
Classical liberals and libertarians have often asserted that in some way liberty and property are really the same thing.
True
Conservative Liberalism is a variant of liberalism that combines liberal values and policies with conservative stances, or, more simply, the right wing of the liberal movement.
True
Fiscal Conservatism is the economic philosophy of prudence in government spending and debt.
True
For Luck Egalitarianism, equality of opportunity is often contrasted favorably with 'equality of outcome' or strict egalitarianism, by those who believe that we can show equal concern, respect, or treatment of people without them having the same material goods and services, so long as they have equal economic opportunities.
True
For classical liberals, sometimes called the 'old' liberalism, liberty and private property are intimately related.
True
From the eighteenth century right up to today, classical liberals have insisted that an economic system based on private property is uniquely consistent with individual liberty, allowing each to live her life —including employing her labor and her capital — as she sees fit.
True
John Stuart Mill in The Subjection of Women gives one of the clearest early feminist critiques of the political and distributive structures of the emerging liberal democracies.
True
Liberal originally meant to "liberate" or "free" and as applied to social questions meant that individuals should be as free from interference from the government as possible.
True
Libertarian Conservatism describes certain political ideologies within the United States and Canada which combine libertarian economic issues with aspects of conservatism.
True
Negative liberty is an opportunity-concept, where freedom is merely a matter of what we can do, what options are open to us, regardless of whether or not we exercise such options.
True
Progressive conservatism incorporates progressive policies alongside conservative policies. It stresses the importance of a social safety net to deal with poverty, support of limited redistribution of wealth along with government regulation to regulate markets in the interests of both consumers and producers.
True
The different desert-based principles of distribution differ primarily according to what they identify as the basis for deserving.
True
The main moral motivation for the Difference Principle is similar to that for strict equality: equal respect for persons.
True
The manner in which the goods and services within any society are to be distributed is the central question of Distributive Justice.
True
The principle of Strict Egalitarianism says that every person should have the same level of material goods and services.
True
The term Collectivism is sometimes employed as a substitute for socialism.
True
There is no one feminist conception of distributive justice; theorists who name themselves feminists defend positions across the political spectrum.
True
Welfare-based principles are motivated by the idea that what is of primary moral importance is the level of welfare of people.
True
All feminist have come to share the same conception of distributive justice, since they have all suffered under a male dominate society.
False
Classical liberals disagree on the fundamental importance of private property to a free society.
False
Communist countries like China do not have to worry about issues of distributive justice since communism is bases on the equal distribution of wealth.
False
Distributive Justice is the theory concerned with just punishment for criminal.
False
For libertarians, just outcomes are those arrived at by the separate just actions of individuals, and thus, a strict distributive pattern is required for justice.
False
John Stuart Mill opposed equality for woman based on the grounds that he thought women were less rational then men, a common belief of his day.
False
Positive liberty is an opportunity-concept, where freedom is merely a matter of what we can do, what options are open to us, regardless of whether or not we exercise such options.
False
Small Island Societies do not have to concern themselves with questions of distributive justice.
False
The debate between liberals and conservatives is quite active in contemporary society, but was much more intense in ancient societies.
False
The ideas of the Utilitarians, Bentham and the Mills, contributed heavily to this view of how social life ought to be arranged. Along with it came the idea that government should not interfere with individual's earnings and with businesses.
False
The principle of Strict Egalitarianism states "equal pay for equal work."
False
The republican, or neo-Roman, conception of liberty is primarily concerned with rational autonomy, realizing one's true nature, or becoming one's higher self.
False
