Psychology Chapter 1
A cognitive psychologist is likely to study:
Attention and problem solving
The study of cultural influences on differences in psychological attributes is the basis of __________ psychology
Multicultural
Darwin's principle of __________ __________ is an evolutionary process in which organisms best adapted to their surroundings will survive and produce offspring.
Natural Selection
Watson argued that psychology as a science, should focus directly on:
Observable behavior
Which field of psychology studies the patterns of thoughts and behaviors that make different individuals unique?
Personality psychology
Which psychological theory emphasizes unconscious thought and early childhood experiences?
Psychoanalytic
A __________ approach focuses on an organism's observable actions as opposed to thoughts or feelings
Behavioral
A psychologist using the __________ approach when studying how a class of high school students will act under conditions of reward or punishment
Behavioral
A __________ might use rats or mice to study how the nervous system develops.
Biopsychologist
A researcher cooperating with scientists in other fields like linguistics and neuroscience is likely using the __________ approach to psychology.
Cognitive
Which psychological perspective grew out of a revived interest in the mind as a focus of scientific inquiry?
Cognitive approach
The basis of __________ __________ is that people experience their sensory world as a whole, not as broken down into parts.
Gestalt Psychology
__________ is a field of psychology that uses a multidimensional approach that emphasizes the interaction between biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors.
Health psychology
Sigmund Freud theorized that
The unconscious mind was a repository of feelings and urges of which we have no awareness
Identify two key early proponents of the behavioral approach.
Watson Pavlov
Who is most associated with the functionalism movement?
William James
The first person to be referred to as a psychologist was
William Wundt
A psychologist is interested in studying the role of stress and coping in people's lives. The psychologist is probably a
health psychologist
The process of internal perception, which involved looking inside of our own minds by focusing on our thoughts, was what Wundt called
introspection
Introspection includes the _________ __________ of one's own thoughts and perceptions.
objective examination
A social psychologist deals with
people's interactions with one another, relationships, and attitudes.
A researcher who studies how people perceive colors would likely be studying __________ and __________ is psychology
sensation and perception
The cognitive approach emphasizes
the mind as a focus of scientific inquiry.
Structuralism involves identifying the ______ of the human mind.
basic characteristics
The following are focuses of I/O (industrial and organizational psychology)?
Focusing on hiring decisions Examining personal management Studying workers and the organizations that employ them
__________ psychology is the field that applies psychological concepts to the justice system.
Forensic
Introspection is a process used to study the structure of the mind in which subjects are asked to:
Describe in detail what they are experiencing when exposed to a stimulus.
Which field of psychology is interested in growth and change that occurs over the entire lifespan?
Developmental psychology
Gaining knowledge through observation and experimentation, rather than just through logical reasoning and previous authorities are components of the:
Empirical Method
What is a psychological perspective that uses concepts such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection as the basis for explaining specific human behaviors?
Evolutionary approach
Cognitive psychology:
Examines attention, problem solving, language, and memory.
This psychological perspective emphasizes the potential for good in all humans:
Humanistic approach
Critical thinking is the practice of understanding and evaluating:
Information
In their graduate training program in clinical psychology, a student PsyD program is likely to receive __________ research training compared to a student in a PhD program
Less
Critical thinking helps us to do all of the following:
Maintain an attitude of skepticism Evaluate information Recognize internal biases
The __________ study of an aspect of the world uses a method for asking a question about how or why something happens
Scientific
Maintaining and attitude of __________ is an important aspect of critical thinking
Skepticism
Which type of psychology applies psychological principles to improving athletic performance and enjoying athletic participation?
Sport and exercise psychology
Wundt and his collaborators believed that the key method of study for their theory of __________ was introspection
Structuralism
Wundt created the first psychology laboratory for the study of:
Structuralism
__________ is concerned with the components of the mind, while __________ is concerned with the overall operation of the mind and behavior in the individual's adaptation to the environment
Structuralism; Functionalism
The three key parts of the definition of psychology include:
The mind Science Behavior
Psychology is formally defined as the scientific study of:
The mind and behavior
If you think you might have a psychological disorder such as bipolar disorder, you should likely see a _________ psychologist; whereas if you are having difficulty adjusting to a new school or job or having a relationship problem you should see a ______ psychologist.
clinical; counseling