Pub Health exam 3
Resilience refers to what characteristic? A- Resistance of certain groups to risk factors B- Increased susceptibility to cumulative risk factors among vulnerable groups C- Variability in the effects of stressors according to socioeconomic status D- Increased sensitivity of the very young and the very old to risk factors
ANS: A
The nurse is caring for an elderly client who has written advanced medical directives. Which of the following best describes what this means? A- The client has made decisions regarding treatment if incapacitated. B- The client has a living will. C- The client has a Do Not Resuscitate order. D- The client's family has decided on a medical treatment regimen.
ANS A
A nurse is completing the post-visit phase of a home visit. Which of the following activities is the nurse most likely to complete? a. Document the visit and services provided. b. Conduct a health teaching session. c. Plan the next home visit. d. Seek information about community resources for referrals.
ANS- A A major task of the post-visit phase is documenting the visit and the services provided. Conducting a health teaching session would occur during the in-home phase. Planning the next home visit is part of the termination phase. Seeking information about community resources for referral occurs during the in-home phase.
A nurse considers an audience's ability to read, comprehend, and act on medical instructions while preparing health education materials. Which of the following factors is the nurse considering? A- Health literacy B- Resilience C- Social justice D- Health disparity
ANS: A
A nurse considers how the environment outside of the family influences the development of a child. Which of the following theories is being used? A- Bioecological systems B- Family systems C- Family developmental and life cycle D- Capacity-building model
ANS: A
A nurse is caring for a population that has experienced a health disparity. Which of the following best describes the outcome of a health disparity? A- Low childhood immunization rates B- High dropout rates C- Unemployment D- Income below poverty level
ANS: A
A nurse is investigating the overall health status of a population. Which of the following indicators would most likely be used by the nurse? A- Life expectancy B- Health status C- Morbidity rate D- Prevalence
ANS: A
A nurse is using a genogram when assessing a family risk. Which of the following types of risks is being assessed? a. Biological b. Economic c. Lifestyle d. Social
ANS: A
A nurse is working to improve the health and wellness of persons with disabilities. Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse? A- Treat the whole person, not just the disability. B- Focus on the disability and the related illnesses. C- Acknowledge the ability, not the disability. D- Ensure persons with disabilities have access to home health care.
ANS: A
A nurse speaks on behalf of others who are unable to speak for themselves. Which of the following roles is being performed? a. Advocate b. Caregiver c. Coordinator d. Collaborator
ANS: A
A nurse is completing an initial home visit with a family. Which of the following nursing actions is most important to include? A- Explore the client's ideas and perceptions about the purpose of the visits. B- Identify with the client the contradictions in the client's words and health behaviors. C- Refer the client to others in the health team. D- Teach the client about solutions to his or her problems.
ANS: A During the initial home visit, it is important to explore the client's ideas and perception about the purpose of the visits
A community health nurse is working with adolescents. Which of the following characteristics would most likely be displayed by an adolescent who is at increased risk to engage in risk-taking behavior? A- Poor academic performance B- High self-esteem C- Middle-class income D- Involvement in extracurricular activities
ANS: A Factors associated with increased adolescent risk-taking behaviors include: poor academic performance, poor parental role models, low self-esteem, lack of a supportive social environment, and poverty.
A nurse strives to meet the health care needs of diverse and changing families. Which of the following best describes the consideration that should be made by the nurse? A- Provide culturally competent care. B- Understand family dynamics. C- Recognize that two-income parent households are less stressful. D- Learn how to care for people in their homes.
ANS: A Immigration and modest difference in natural increases has increased in racial and ethnic diversity, which is reflected in the decline in the white, non-Hispanic population. Culturally competent care is necessary to best meet the health care needs of diverse and changing families. Provision of culturally competent care should be of higher priority than understanding family dynamics, recognizing the stress in two-income parent households, or learning how to care for people in their homes. Culturally competent care is needed to form and maintain a relationship with the family.
A nurse is assessing family structure. Which of the following describes what the nurse should recognize? A- An individual may experience many different family structures over a lifetime. B- The variations in family structure are becoming less common. C- The traditional nuclear family is the most common family structure. D- There is great variation among family structures.
ANS: A In assessing family structure, it is important for the nurse to recognize that an individual may experience many different family structures over a lifetime. Variations in family structure are becoming more common, and there can be great variation among family structures. There is no longer a consensus that the traditional nuclear family model is the "best" model.
Which of the following is most likely to live in poverty? A. Those who work in high-risk jobs. B. Those who have adequate nutrition. c. Those who effectively man age stress. d. Those who live-in single-family homes.
ANS: A People who are poor are more likely to live in hazardous environments that are overcrowded and have inadequate sanitation, work in high-risk jobs, have less nutritious diets, and have multiple stressors
A nurse is employed in home health nursing practice. Which of the following terms best describes the care that is being provided? A- Intermittent nursing care B- Custodial care C- Family caregiving D- Palliative care
ANS: A Provision of intermittent skilled visits is a component of home health care nursing. Custodial care refers to the care given in long-term care facilities. Family caregiving may be an important role of keeping the client at home, but it is not a necessary component of home care. Palliative care is an extended continuum of chronic serious illness to acute serious illness during which stabilization and exacerbations may occur.
A nurse has referred a home care client to hospice care. Which of the following best explains the rationale for this referral? A- To provide comfort and peace at a difficult time B- To reduce the cost of care for the terminally ill C- To keep clients at home until the end of life D- To provide care for terminally ill clients expected to live longer than 6 months
ANS: A The focus of hospice care is comfort, peace, and a sense of dignity at a very difficult time. Comprehensive services emphasize continuity of care. Hospice care is provided for those with a life expectancy of less than 6 months. Hospice is the only Medicare benefit that includes medications, medical equipment, 24 hours/7 days a week access to care, and support for family members after death. Hospice care does not reduce the cost of care.
A nurse is using a genogram when assessing a family risk. Which of the following types of risks is being assessed? a. Biological b. Economic c. Lifestyle d. Social
ANS: A The genogram is an effective technique for assessing biological family risks. Economic risk is determined by the relationship between family financial resources and the demands on those resources. An example of social risk would be living in high-crime neighborhoods or in communities without adequate health resources. An ecomap provides information useful in assessing a family's social risks. Biological risk considers risk for development of major illnesses or conditions and may be assessed through a genogram. Lifestyle risk relates to personal health habits.
A nurse clarifies the purpose of a home visit with a family. Which of the following phases of the home visit process is occurring? a. Initiation b. Pre-visit c. In-home d. Post-visit
ANS: A The initiation phase also includes clarifying the source of referral and sharing information regarding the purpose of a home visit with the family.
Which of the following is a characteristic of a vulnerable population? A- Have worse health outcomes and an increased sensitivity to risk factors than the general population. B- Have a single risk factor but experience worse health outcomes than the general population. c. Have multiple risk factors but equal health outcomes to the general population. d. Have worse outcomes with better access to health care than the general population.
ANS: A Vulnerable population groups are more sensitive to risk factors and have worse health outcomes. Vulnerable populations experience multiple risk factors. Vulnerable populations have worse health outcomes than the general population. Vulnerable populations have more problems accessing health care than the general population.
Which are lifestyle habits that have been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality? (Select all that apply.) A- Sleeping 7 to 8 hours daily B- Eating breakfast C- Eating between meals D- Vigorous daily physical activity E- Maintaining full-time employment
ANS: A, B Sleeping 7 to 8 hours daily and eating breakfast have been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality. Eating between meals is discouraged and regular exercise, not vigorous exercise, is encouraged. Maintaining full-time employment is not related to a change in morbidity or mortality rates.
Which illegal and unethical activities have occurred in health care systems in the past? (Select all that apply.) A- Inappropriate use of home health services B- Inaccurate billing for services C- Excessive administrative staff D- "Kickbacks" for referrals E- Primary care services provided in the home
ANS: A, B, C, D Examples of Medicare fraud and abuse in home health and hospice include inappropriate use of services, excessive payments to administrative staff or owners, "kickbacks" for referrals, and billing for visits and/or medical supplies that are not authorized or provided. The home care nurse must abide by established federal regulations when delivering care to clients
Which of the following conditions may contribute to disability? (Select all that apply.) a. Violence b. Tobacco use c. Lack of access to health care d. Unsanitary living conditions e. Extended family living arrangements
ANS: A, B, C, D Several conditions and inherited problems can cause disability: genetic disorders, acute and chronic illnesses, violence, tobacco use, lack of access to health care, as well as failure to eat correctly, exercise regularly, or manage stress effectively. Substance abuse, environmental problems, and unsanitary living conditions can cause disability.
A nurse examines family interactions. Which of the following identifies the theory that is being applied? A- Bioecological systems B- Family systems C- Family developmental and life cycle D- Capacity-building model
ANS: B
A nurse is assessing the health risks of a family. Which of the following health risks would the family be most likely to voluntarily assume? A- Newly built power plant B- Smoking cigarettes C- Speeding vehicles near playground D- Industrial pollution
ANS: B
A nurse is using the termination component of the nurse-family relationship. Which of the following strategies would the nurse use? a- Increasing sessions with the nurse b- Making referrals when appropriate c- Providing a formative evaluation of the relationship d- Refusing additional communication with the family
ANS: B
A nurse is working with a client who has been diagnosed with a substance abuse disorder and bipolar disorder. Which of the following terms best describes what is being experienced by the client? A- Disability B- Dual diagnosis C- Handicap D- Functional limitation
ANS: B
A set of actions one undertakes on behalf of another is identified by what term? a. Social justice b. Advocacy c. Resilience d. Risk
ANS: B
The nurse chooses to interview a family in the clinic office. Which of the following provides the rationale for this decision? A- Nurse's territory will provide the nurse with power. B- More formal setting may allow for better discussion of family issues. C- Nurse will feel more comfortable. D- Environment of the family can be assessed.
ANS: B
The wide variations in health services and health status between certain population groups are identified by what term? A- Vulnerable population groups B- Health disparities C- Disadvantaged populations D- Risk markers
ANS: B
The nurse, with agreement from the family, arranges for families to see social workers on the same day that they bring their children for follow-up care in a pediatric cardiology clinic. Which of the following roles is being performed? A- Caregiver B- Coordinator C- Collaborator D- Case finder
ANS: B A nurse is responsible for assisting clients and families by organizing and integrating the resources of other agencies or care providers to meet the clients' needs most efficiently in the role of coordinator.
A family with children has income too high to qualify for state health insurance but does not have enough money to purchase private health insurance. Which program would a nurse refer this family to for the children to receive health care coverage? A- Medicare B- Children's Health Insurance Plan (CHIP) C- Medicaid D- Social Security
ANS: B CHIP is a federal and state partnership that is directed toward uninsured children and pregnant women in families with incomes too high to qualify for state Medicaid programs but too low to afford private coverage. Medicare is a government insurance program primarily offered to the elderly population. Social Security is not a health care insurance program.
A nurse is in the beginning phase of contracting with a family. Which of the following activities will most likely occur during this phase? A- Mutual division of responsibilities B- Mutual development of a plan C- Mutual setting of time limits D- Mutual implementation of the plan
ANS: B During the beginning phase of contracting with a family, mutual development of a plan occurs.
Which health risk category is one of the foremost predictors of health? a. Biological b. Economic c. Lifestyle d. Social
ANS: B Economic health risks are one of the foremost predictors of health. Economic risk is determined by the relationship between family financial resources and the demands on those resources. Social risks, such as living in high-crime neighborhoods or in communities without adequate health resources, are receiving more attention, but is not considered to be one of the foremost predictors of health. Biological risk can be determined through a genogram and can consider risk for development of major illnesses or conditions but is not one of the foremost predictors of health. Lifestyle risk relates to personal health habits that continue to be a major contributor to the causes of morbidity and mortality but is not considered to be the foremost predictor of health.
A nurse is assessing a family. Which of the following behaviors would the nurse recognize as being learned within the family structure? a. Smoking habits and heart disease b. Health values and health habits c. Chronic illness and disease risk d. Societal norms and values
ANS: B Health values, health habits, and health risk perception are affected by and acted out within the family environment. Heart disease and chronic illness are not learned behaviors. Societal norms are not learned through the family structure.
A nurse maintains current information about agencies whose services are of potential use to the disabled and directs clients to the resources that can meet their needs. Which of the following roles is being demonstrated? a. Educator b. Caregiver c. Referral agent d. Advocate
ANS: C As a referral agent, the nurse directs clients to the resources that can meet their needs. A nurse speaking on behalf of others who are unable to speak for themselves is performing the role of advocate. In the caregiver role, the nurse provides direct care to the client. Nurses serve as educators who provide clients at any level with enough knowledge to enable them to care for their own needs.
An individual has a disability that is considered to be a function of physical characteristics that place him or her at a disadvantage when compared to those without the characteristics. What definition of disability is being used? A- Social Model of Disability B- Medical Model of Disability C- Webster Dictionary definition of disability D- Social Security Administration definition of disability
ANS: B In the Medical Model of Disability, disability is considered to be a function of physical characteristics or conditions that place an individual at a disadvantage as compared to those without the characteristic or condition. This model emphasizes the disabled person and the need to modify the course of illness to give the disabled person a "normal" life. In the Social Model of Disability, emphasis is placed on systemic barriers as well as societal attitudes and stigmas that contribute to the perception that those with limitations or physical illnesses are disabled. Webster's Dictionary definition describes disability as a condition (such as, illness or injury) that damages or limits a person's physical or mental abilities. The Social Security Administration uses the Medical Model of Disability for determination of disability.
A family has experienced a nonnormative life event. Which of the following best describes this situation? A- Adoption of a child B- Loss of a job C- Marriage of a child D- Retirement from work
ANS: B Nonnormative life events are unpredictable; loss of a job is an unpredictable event. Adoption of a child, marriage of a child, and retirement from work are events that can be planned and anticipated, which are normative life events.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a disability. Which of the following would be the correct way to refer to this individual? A- A handicapped person B- A person who has an amputation C- An amputee D- A wheelchair-bound afflicted person
ANS: B Person First Movement advocates for political correctness in defining persons with disabilities. In other words, refer to a "woman who is blind" rather than a "blind woman" or a "person with diabetes" rather than a "diabetic."
Which statement about divorce rates is correct? A- The divorce rate is increasing. B- The divorce rate is decreasing. C- The divorce rate is difficult to measure due to the increase in cohabitation. D- The divorce rate has leveled off and remains relatively constant.
ANS: B Rates for divorce have decreased since 2001 when there were 4.0 divorces per 1,000 total population to 2016 rate of 3.2 divorces per 1,000 total population. As cohabitation has become more acceptable, less divorced people are getting remarried, but this does not make the divorce rate more difficult to measure.
A nurse is caring for a client who, according to the Social Security Administration, is considered disabled. Which of the following best describes the client? A- A wheelchair-bound person B- A person unable to engage in any gainful activity because of a medical impairment C- A handicapped person D- A person who has had a stroke or has lost the use of a lower extremity
ANS: B The Social Security Administration defines a disabled person as a person unable to engage in substantial, gainful activity by reason of medically determinable physical or mental impairment
A nurse is examining social determinants of health. Which factor is the nurse looking at? a. Ethnicity b. Income c. Gender d. Marital status
ANS: B economic status, education, environmental factors, nutrition, stress, and prejudice that lead to resource constraints, poor health, and health risk
A nurse is working with a vulnerable group experiencing multiple risk factors. Which of the following best describes this group? A- Smokers who use chewing tobacco as well as cigarettes. B- Substance abusers who test positive for HIV. C- Persons with limited access to care because they live in a rural area. D- New mothers needing information about baby and child care.
ANS: B vulnerable populations of concern to nurses are persons who are poor or homeless, have special needs, pregnant teens, migrant workers and immigrants, individuals with mental health problems, people who abuse addictive substances, persons who have been incarcerated, people with communicable diseases and those who are at risk, and persons who are HIV positive or have hepatitis B virus or STDs.
Which of the following are benefits of home visits? (Select all that apply.) A- Promote health for adolescent mothers. B- Identify barriers and provide support for family health promotion goals. C- Allow families to maintain a sense of control in meeting their health care needs. D- Prolong the nurse-client relationship. E- Establishment of healthy behaviors.
ANS: B, C Some of the benefits of home visits include identifying barriers and support for family health promotion goals and allowing families to maintain a sense of control in meeting their health care needs.
A client is experiencing a social risk. Which of the following best describes this risk? a. Inadequate housing b. Lack of education c. High-crime neighborhood d. Lack of insurance
ANS: C
A nurse displays pertinent family information in a multigenerational family tree format. Which of the following best describes this format? A- Family intervention B- Family assessment C- Genogram D- Ecomap
ANS: C
A nurse is caring for a client who has designated someone else to make health care decisions when they are unable to do so. Which of the following is being used by the client? A - An advanced medical directive B- A living will C- A durable medical power of attorney D- The Patient Self-Determination Act
ANS: C
A nurse is constructing a genogram for a family. Which of the following describes its importance? A- Allows nurses to diagnose disease patterns. B- Brings the family together to do a mutual task. C- Shows family history and patterns of health-related information. D- Provides a visual diagram of the family unit in relation to other subsystems.
ANS: C
What is the primary cause of vulnerability? a. Race b. Age c. Poverty d. Illness
ANS: C
The nurse visits a household that consists of an elderly person living with 2 individuals who rent rooms in the house. Which of the following describes this type of household? A- Single-family household B- Family household C- Non-family household D- Family demographic trend
ANS: C A non-family may consist of a householder living alone or a householder living with non-relatives, such as boarders or roommates. Single-family and family households include a householder and at least one other member related by birth, marriage, or adoption. This is not a description of a family demographic trend.
Medicare-certified home health agencies place emphasis on what type of care? a. Chronic b. Distributive c. Intermittent d. Primary
ANS: C As part of the Conditions of Participation, Medicare-certified home health agencies must place an emphasis on intermittent care. Home care services that are provided must be intermittent and provide a skilled service. Primary care refers to the care that is often provided in a physician's office. Medicare-certified agencies provide care following an acute hospitalization or medical change; they do not provide long-term care for chronic illnesses.
Which statement best describes the effects of life events on family health risk? A- Normative events require very little change in family structures and roles. B- Positive events are unlikely to place stress on a family. C- Normative and nonnormative events pose potential risks to the health of families. D- Negative life events require change and place stress on a family.
ANS: C Families can experience stress as a result of normative and nonnormative events. If the event is normative, or anticipated, then it is possible for families to identify needed resources, make plans, learn new skills, or otherwise prepare for the event and its consequences. More often, nonnormative events are unpleasant. Both normative and nonnormative life events pose potential risks to the health of families.
A nurse keeps informed and up to date about demographic trends pertaining to families and all types of households. Which of the following best describes why this is important? A- To understand the demographics of the areas they are serving B- To provide safe care to the public C- To predict the needs of families within the community D- To identify households where children may need special attention
ANS: C Knowledge about demographic trends is essential so that nurses can forecast and predict family community needs. This knowledge allows nurses to formulate possible solutions to identified family community problems.
A nurse is planning to administer an immunization to a child. Which of the following factors would be a medical contraindication for the administration of immunizations? A- Religious beliefs B- Sore throat C- Leukemia D- Fear of side effects
ANS: C People with the following conditions are not routinely immunized and require medical consultation: pregnancy, generalized malignancy, immunosuppressive therapy or immunodeficiency disease, sensitivity to components of the agent, or recent administration of immune serum globulin, plasma, or blood. Leukemia would be a medical contraindication for receiving an immunization. Religious beliefs, sore throat, and fear of side effects are not medical contradictions.
A nurse is promoting social justice. Which of the following actions would the nurse most likely take? A- Contacting lawmakers about environmental health issues B- Assisting at homeless shelters C- Advocating for policies to improve social conditions D- Serving on a local coalition to prevent obesity
ANS: C Social justice refers to providing equitable care and social supports for the most disadvantaged members of society.
A nurse is implementing the termination phase of a home visit. Which of the following nursing activities is most likely being demonstrated? A- Conducting a physical assessment B- Identifying household members C- Summarizing accomplishments of the visit D- Teaching about health
ANS: C Summarizing the accomplishments of the visit provides a basis for planning further home visits, which is part of the termination phase.
A nurse recognizes that a barrier that may be experienced when providing family nursing care is health literacy. Which strategy should the nurse implement to reduce the occurrence of this problem? A- Write down all necessary information for the family. B- Use multiple colors of ink on written materials. C- Print in upper- and lowercase letters. D- Use as many descriptors as possible.
ANS: C The best techniques used to reduce potential problems with health literacy are to print in upper- and lowercase letters, remove all extra words, have plenty of white space on the paper, and use black ink on white paper.
A mother tells the nurse she is afraid to have her infant immunized. Which of the following statements would be the most appropriate response by the nurse? A- "It is normal to be concerned, as some immunizations have been linked to autism." B- "Researching the Internet will provide you more information as to the importance of immunizations." C- "Choosing not to vaccinate your child puts your child and others at risk." D- "Your infant received active immunity at birth, so immunizations are not indicated until 4 months of age."
ANS: C The child who is not immunized and others around the child are at risk if immunizations do not occur. Scientific studies have not found a relationship between immunizations and autism. Information that is researched on the Internet may not be a reliable source of information as the nurse has no control over the information the client receives. Infants receive natural passive immunity at birth through the placental transfer of maternal antibodies; this protection lasts for about 2 months.
A nurse is trying to facilitate interprofessional collaboration. Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse? A- Understand who oversees the client's care. B- Make appropriate referrals. C- Recognize what other professionals do and how they view their roles. D- Request assistance when performing complex skills.
ANS: C The factors for successful interprofessional functioning include the categories of knowledge, skill, and attitudes with subheadings including the understanding of the roles of each professional
A nurse organizes care for a family by focusing on the common tasks of family life and considering a longitudinal view of the family life cycle. Which of the following theories is being applied? A- Family systems B- Bioecological systems C- Family developmental and life cycle D- Capacity-building model
ANS: C The family developmental and life cycle theory focuses on common tasks of family life and provides a longitudinal view of the family life cycle. The family systems theory views the family with boundaries that are affected by the environment. The bioecological systems theory describes how environments and systems outside of the family influence the development of a child over time. In the capacity-building model, nurses assume that the family has the most knowledge about how their health issues affect the family, supports family decision making, empowers the family to act, and facilitates action for and with the family.
A nurse is working with a child who lives in poverty. Which of the following best describes this child? A- A child who has poor academic performance B- A child whose parents have a college education C- A child of Caucasian descent D- A child living in a single-parent household
ANS: D Characteristics that put children at risk for living in low-income families are parents without a high school degree, lack of parental employment, and living in a single-parent household.
A nurse asks, "Where is this family on the continuum of the family cycle?" Which of the following theories is being used? A- Bioecological systems B- Family systems C- Family developmental and life cycle D- Capacity-building model
ANS: C The family developmental and life cycle theory provides a basis for forecasting what a family will be experiencing at any period in the family life cycle. The family systems theory encourages nurses to view clients as participating members of a family. The bioecological systems theory describes how environments and systems outside of the family influence the development of a child over time. In the capacity-building model, nurses assume that the family has the most knowleNdgeRaboIut GhowBt.heCir hMealth issues affect the family, supports USNT O family decision making, empowers the family to act, and facilitates action for and with the family.
The nurse asks, "What has changed between you and your spouse since your child's head injury?" Which of the following focuses of the family is being used? A- The context B- The client C- A system D- A component of society
ANS: C When the family is viewed as a system, the focus is on the family as client, and the family is viewed as an interactional system in which the whole is more than the sum of its parts. The systems approach to families always implies that when something happens to one family member, the other members of the family system also are affected, and vice versa. When the nurse views the family as client, the family is the primary focus and individual family members are secondary. The family as context serves as either a strength or a stressor to individual health and illness issues. The family as a component of society is seen as one of many institutions in society, along with health, education, religious, and financial institutions.
A nurse plans to review the home visit with the family. Which of the following phases of the home visit process is most likely occurring? a. Initiation b. In-home c. Termination d. Post-visit
ANS: C When the purpose of the visit has been accomplished, the nurse reviews with the family what has occurred and what has been accomplished. This is the major focus of the termination phase, and provides a basis for planning further home visits.
A nurse is developing a one-stop service to meet the needs of a vulnerable group. Which of the following would the nurse most likely create? A- Wrap-around services where mental services are linked B- Giving all immunizations on a single clinic visit C- Providing multiple services during a single clinic visit D- Providing free services to the medically indigent
ANS: C multiple services during a single clinic visit makes services more responsive to the combined effects of social and economic stressors.
A nurse is using an ecomap. Which of the following best describes the situation that the nurse is experiencing? A- Assessing a family's biological risks B- Considering a family's economic risks C- Discussing a family's lifestyle risks D- Examining a family's social risks
ANS: D
A nurse is working with a 17-year-old pregnant cocaine addict who is homeless. Which of the following best describes this client? A- At risk B- A special population C- A Healthy People 2020 target group D- A vulnerable individual
ANS: D
An older person is in the last stages of dying. Which type of care would be the best for this client? A- Home health B- Assisted living C- Nursing home D- Hospice
ANS: D
Developmental disabilities that continue throughout a person's lifetime start before which age? a. 7 b. 12 c. 17 d. 22
ANS: D
The nurse organizes developmental vision and hearing screening of young children to identify those with disabilities. Which of the following roles is being performed by the nurse? A- Caregiver B- Coordinator C- Collaborator D- Case finder
ANS: D
Which behavioral risk factor is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in the United States? A- Homicide or suicide B- Motor vehicle accidents C- Chronic disease D- Substance use and abuse
ANS: D A major contributor to morbidity and mortality in the United States is substance use and abuse. Drug use, drunk driving, smoking, and exposure to secondhand smoke all are part of this problem. Chronic disease and motor vehicle accidents are not behavioral risk factors. Homicide and suicide are not the major contributors to morbidity and mortality.
What is the purpose of adult day health centers? A- Provide support of life until death occurs. B- Provide assistance to people who may need help with activities of daily living (ADLs). C- Provide treatment for those needing rehabilitation. D- Provide respite care relief for caregivers.
ANS: D Adult day health care is for individuals whose mental or physical function requires them to obtain more health care and supervision. It serves as more of a medical model than the senior center, and often individuals return home to their caregivers at night. Hospice provides support of life until death occurs. Assisted living provides assistance to people who may need help with ADLs. Long-term care facilities provide treatment for those needing rehabilitation.
An elderly person is living independently in a single room in a full-service life care community. Which of the following terms best describes this living arrangement? A- Adult daycare B- Home care C- Nursing home D- Assisted living
ANS: D An elderly person living independently in a single room in a full-service life care community is a client of an assisted living facility. Adult day health care is for individuals whose mental or physical function requires them to obtain more health care and supervision; it serves as more of a medical model than the senior center, and often individuals return home to their caregivers at night. Nursing home facilities provide treatment for those needing rehabilitation. Home care provides individual and environmental assessments, direct skilled care and treatment, and short-term guidance for individuals in the home.
A nurse is working to remove barriers to receiving health care. Which of the following actions is the nurse most likely to support? A- Discrimination against certain groups B- Treatment of pets at the same facility C- Provision of free food at a food bank D- Providing services for a rural population by using a mobile clinic
ANS: D Barriers to access are policies and financial, geographic, or cultural features of health care that make services difficult to obtain or so unappealing that people do not want to seek care. Examples of removing barriers include providing extended clinic hours, low-cost or free health services for people who are uninsured or underinsured, transportation, mobile vans, and professional interpreters, which can help improve access to care.
A nurse operates a school-based clinic in a local school where multiple providers and disciplines offer care to children, making it easier for children to access health care. Which of the following best describes this approach? A- Advocacy B- Wrap-around services C- Social justice D- Comprehensive services
ANS: D Comprehensive services are health care services that focus on more than one health problem or concern. Stationary or mobile clinics that provide a wide array of health promotion, illness prevention, and illness management services in migrant camps, schools, and local communities are examples of this. Wrap-around services describe a system in which comprehensive health services are available and social and economic services are "wrapped around" these services. Advocacy refers to actions taken on behalf of another. Social justice describes justice with respect to the concepts of egalitarianism and equality.
A client has a developmental disability. Which of the following areas would the nurse anticipate limited functioning? A- Dependent living, education, and finances B- Race, gender, and ethnicity C- Care giving, dependence, and limitation D- Self-help, language, and learning
ANS: D Disabilities limit functioning in at least three of seven areas, including self-help, language, learning, mobility, self-direction, independent living, and economic self-sufficiency.
A nurse makes a visit to a home where several people live. The client says that several people in her family are not related biologically. What action should the nurse take? A- Ask the client why they are living in her home. B- Ask each member to identify his or her health needs. C- Tell the client that these people are not considered family. D- Accept the client's definition of family.
ANS: D The family may range from traditional notions of the nuclear and extended family to postmodern structures. Family, as defined and implemented by the health care system, continues to be based on using the legal notions of relationships. However, the family system and family nurses use the following broader definition of family: "Family refers to two or more individuals who depend on one another for emotional, physical, and/or NURSINGTB.COM financial support. The members of the family are self-defined."
Which theory views the family with boundaries that are affected by the environment? A- Family developmental and life cycle theory B- Bioecological systems theory C- Microsystems D- Family systems theory
ANS: D The family systems theory views the family with boundaries that are affected by the environment. The family developmental theory focuses on common tasks of family life and provides a longitudinal view of the family life cycle. The bioecological systems theory describes how environments and systems outside of the family influence the development of a child over time. Microsystems are part of the bioecological systems theory and describe the systems and individuals that the family directly interacts with daily.
Which statement is true about transitions? A- Transitions are stressful events for all families. B- Transitions require coping skills, which must be taught to some families. C- Transitions address the family skills necessary to meet developmental goals. D- Transitions present new situations and demands for families.
ANS: D Transitions present new situations and demands for families that may require a change in behaviors, schedules, and patterns of communication. Transitions may not be stressful events for all families. Transitions do not necessarily require that coping skills be taught. Transitions do not address family skills necessary to meet development goals, rather they allow families to use their skills to cope with the transition.
A nurse is demonstrating how a family relates to the other units in the community. Which of the following assessment instruments would be appropriate for the nurse to use? A- Family intervention B- Family assessment C- Genogram D- Ecomap
ans: D