Quiz 3 Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
In the mitochondria, the energy from "food" molecules (such as glucose) that are partially broken down in the cytosol are converted to
ATP
The membrane surrounding each organelle
regulates movement into and out of the organelle
Which organelle or structure translates mRNA into polypeptides
Ribosomes
What is the major distinction between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?
A prokaryotic cell does not have a nucleus, whereas a eukaryotic cell does.
The domains of life are
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
The common ancestry (monophyly) of the three domains (archaea, bacteria, and eukarya) is confirmed by
DNA as the genetic material that encodes for proteins
Archaea is the closest sister group to the
Eukaryotes
Which organelle or structure is generated by the Golgi; contains digestive enzymes to hydrolyze macromolecules?
Lysosomes
Which of the following is NOT a basic feature of a prokaryotic cell?
Membrane-enclosed organelles
Which organelle or structure contains special enzymes to safely break down toxic by-products of oxidation?
Peroxisomes
The type of cell that always LACKS a cell wall is the _______ cell
animal
Members of the domains Bacteria and Archaea
are prokaryotes
Cilia
are shorter and more numerous than flagella
The semirigid structure that supports the plant cell and determines its shape is the
cell wall
Some bacteria are able to propel themselves through liquid by means of a structure called the
flagellum
Ribosomes are the structures in which
genetic information is used to make proteins
The rough ER is the portion of the ER that
has ribosomes attached to it
The cytosol
is composed largely of water
A large organelle found in eukaryotic cells that genetically controls the cell's activities is the
nucleus
Chloroplasts are the structures in which
sunlight energy is converted into chemical energy
Steroids such as cholesterol are synthesized by
the smooth ER