Sports Med Chp.14 & 15 Test
fibrous
cartilage: meniscus, medial, lateral
patellar tracking problems
cause of patellar femoral syndrome
mcl
commonly injured with a valgus stress to the knee
shinsplints
condition characterized by pain in the lower leg, usually at the medial or anterior aspects of the tibia
cruciate
cross shaped
medial
deltoid ligament is located on the _______ aspect of the ankle
osgood schlatter
disorder caused by the patellar tendon slightly pulling away from the bone at the anterior tibia
bunion
excessive deviation or valgus stress at the great toe
halux valgus
excessive valgus stress at the great toe aka a bunion
lcl
femur and fibula
metatarsals
five long bones of the foot
Jones
fracture of the 5th metatarsal
Jones
fracture to the base of the 5th metatarsal is known as a _______ fracture
mcl
frequently injured when an athlete receives a blow to the outside of the knee
calcaneus
heel bone
rupture
if an athlete does not take care of achilles tendinitis, what might happen?
ingrown toenail
injury whereby the nail grows into the surrounding soft tissue
medial malleolus
inside ankle bone
patella
knee cap
pcl
ligament that prevents backward gliding of the tibia on the femur
acl
ligament that prevents forward gliding of the tibia on the femur
calcaneus fibular
ligament which connects calcaneus and fibula
mild
little swelling, no joint laxity
gastrocnemius
lower leg; plantar flexion
deltoid
main ligament on the medial aspect of the ankle
inversion
mechanism of injury for a Jones fracture
blow to the lateral aspect of the knee
mechanism/cause of lcl
blow to outside of knee
mechanism/cause of mcl sprain
pcl
mechansim of injury of ______ is shin to shin
deltoid
medial ligament of the ankle
medial malleolus
medial side; tibia; end of the tibia on the medial side
Shinsplints
medial tibia stress syndrome, pain of the lower leg often among the tibia
moderate
mild swelling, discomfort, some joint laxity
severe
moderate amount of swelling, loss of function, great deal of joint laxity
Jones
most common avulsion fracture is of the fifth metatarsal
bucket handle
most common type of tear, twisting motion
inversion
most frequent ankle sprains are the result of excessive _________
quadriceps
muscle group that extends the knee joint
hamstrings
muscle group that flexes the knee joint
gastrocnemius and soleus
muscles that make up achilles tendon
fibula
non weight bearing bone
patellar tendinitis
overuse disorder characterized by quads weakness and tenderness over the patellar tendon
lateral
patellar dislocations most commonly occur when the patella is forced in a _______ direction
lateral
patellar dislocations most commonly occur when the patella is forced in a ________ direction
valgus
position of the great toe when a bunion is formed
pcl
prevents posterior translation
mcl
prevents valgus stress
lcl
prevents varus stress
quadricep muscles
rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedias
patellar tendinitis
repeeated jumping
tibia
shin bone
articular
smooth, slippery, durable, delegate cartilage
achilles
strong tendon holding the calf muscle to the calcaneus
acl
sudden change of direction
tibia
the acl, pcl, and patellar tendon all attach to this bone
calcaneus
the heel bone of the foot
fibula
the lcl attaches to this bone
lateral
the outside ankle bone is known as the _________ malleolus
hamstrings
the semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris are collectively referred to as the _________ muscle group
phalanges
the small bones that make up the fingers and toes
achilles tendon
the structure that attaches the gastrocnemius muscle to the calcaneus bone of the foot
quadriceps
the vastus lateralis and the vastus medialis are included in the __________ muscle group
menisci
these are responsible for absorbing shock between the tibia and femur
quadriceps
these muscles extend the knee joint
hamstrings
these muscles flex the knee joint
chondromalacia
this condition is characterized by the wearing away of the cartilage at the back of the patella
Osgood Schlatter
this injury is most common in younger athletes
acl
this ligament prevents the tibia from moving forward on the femur
pcl
this ligament prevents the tibia from moving forward on the femur
gluteus maximus
this muscle abducts the hip
gracilis
this muscle adducts the hip
anterior compartment syndrome
tingling pain
hammer
toe deformity in which the middle join is flexed is known as _________ toe
menisci
tough cartilage that lies between the tibia and the femur
rapid change of direction
typical mechanism of injury for a acl tear
chondromalacia
wearing away of the cartilage on the back of the patella
protects movement
why a knee brace can prevent an injury to the mcl
gastrocnemius
calf muscle
phalanges
28 bones that make up the toes
hammer toe
a deformity in which the middle joint of the toe is flexed and the metatarsal-phalangeal and distal phalangeal are hyper-extended
gastrocnemius
a large muscle at the back of the lower leg responsible for pointing the toes
donut
additional padding
genuvalgus
another name for knock-knees
plantar surface
arches of the foot
hamstring muscles
biceps femoris, semimembranosis, semitendonosis
lateral malleolus
bone marking on the lateral aspect; bony structure; most prominent aspect of the fibula located on the lateral aspect of the ankle
femur
bone of the upper leg
fiibula and tibia
bones of lower leg
calcaneus tibia fibula
bones of the ankle
phalanges metatarsals calcaneus talus
bones of the foot
plantar
bottom aspect of the foot
plantar surface
bottom of the foot
