Test 1 - AP CSP
A large spreadsheet contains the following information about the books at a bookstore. A sample portion of the spreadsheet is shown below. (table) An employee wants to count the number of books that meet all of the following criteria. Is a mystery book Costs less than $10.00 Has at least one copy in stock For a given row in the spreadsheet, suppose genre contains the genre as a string, num contains the number of copies in stock as a number, and cost contains the cost as a number. Which of the following expressions will evaluate to true if the book should be counted and evaluates to false otherwise?
(genre = "mystery") AND ((1 < num) AND (cost < 10.00))
In the following procedure, assume that the parameter x is an integer. PROCEDURE mystery x y = x<0 If y Display y Which of the following best describes the behavior of the procedure?
It displays true if x is negative and displays nothing otherwise.
Each student that enrolls at a school is assigned a unique ID number, which is stored as a binary number. The ID numbers increase sequentially by 1 with each newly enrolled student. If the ID number assigned to the last student who enrolled was the binary number 1001 0011, what binary number will be assigned to the next student who enrolls?
1001 0100
A user wants to save a data file on an online storage site. The user wants to reduce the size of the file, if possible, and wants to be able to completely restore the file to its original version. Which of the following actions best supports the user's needs?
Compressing the file using a lossless compression algorithm before uploading it
A digital photo file contains data representing the level of red, green, and blue for each pixel in the photo. The file also contains metadata that describes the date and geographic location where the photo was taken. For which of the following goals would analyzing the metadata be more appropriate than analyzing the data?
Determining the likelihood that the photo was taken at a particular public event
A team of researchers wants to create a program to analyze the amount of pollution reported in roughly 3,000 counties across the United States. The program is intended to combine county data sets and then process the data. Which of the following is most likely to be a challenge in creating the program?
Different counties may organize data in different ways.
Biologists often attach tracking collars to wild animals. For each animal, the following geolocation data is collected at frequent intervals. The time The date The location of the animal Which of the following questions about a particular animal could NOT be answered using only the data collected from the tracking collars?
Do the movement patterns of the animal vary according to the weather?
A video game character can face toward one of four directions: north, south, east, and west. Each direction is stored in memory as a sequence of four bits. A new version of the game is created in which the character can face toward one of eight directions, adding northwest, northeast, southwest, and southeast to the original four possibilities. Which of the following statements is true about how the eight directions must be stored in memory?
Four bits are enough to store the eight directions.
DineOutHelper is a mobile application that people can use to select a restaurant for a group meal. Each user creates a profile with a unique username and a list of food allergies or dietary restrictions. Each user can then build a contact list of other users of the app. A user who is organizing a meal with a group selects all the members of the group from the user's contact list. The application then recommends one or more nearby restaurants based on whether the restaurant can accommodate all of the group members' allergies and dietary restrictions. Suppose that Alejandra is using DineOutHelper to organize a meal with Brandon and Cynthia. Which of the following data are needed for DineOutHelper to recommend a restaurant for the group? I. Each group member's list of food allergies or dietary restrictions II. Alejandra's geographic location III. The usernames of the people on Brandon and Cynthia's contact lists
I and II only
When a cellular telephone user places a call, the carrier transmits the caller's voice as well as the voice of the person who is called. The encoded voices are the data of the call. In addition to transmitting the data, the carrier also stores metadata. The metadata of the call include information such as the time the call is placed and the phone numbers of both participants. For which of the following goals would it be more useful to computationally analyze the metadata instead of the data? I. To determine if a caller frequently uses a specific word II. To estimate the number of phone calls that will be placed next Monday between 10:30 A.M. and noon. III. To generate a list of criminal suspects when given the telephone number of a known criminal
II and III only
DineOutHelper is a mobile application that people can use to select a restaurant for a group meal. Each user creates a profile with a unique username and a list of food allergies or dietary restrictions. Each user can then build a contact list of other users of the app. A user who is organizing a meal with a group selects all the members of the group from the user's contact list. The application then recommends one or more nearby restaurants based on whether the restaurant can accommodate all of the group members' allergies and dietary restrictions. Suppose that Alejandra is using DineOutHelper to organize a meal with Brandon and Cynthia. Which of the following data is not provided by Alejandra but is necessary for DineOutHelper to recommend a restaurant for the group? I. Brandon's contact list II. Information about which restaurants Brandon and Cynthia have visited in the past III. Information about which food allergies and dietary restrictions can be accommodated at different restaurants near Alejandra
III only
In the following code segment, score and penalty are initially positive integers. The code segment is intended to reduce the value of score by penalty. However, if doing so would cause score to be negative, score should be assigned the value 0. For example, if score is 20 and penalty is 5, the code segment should set score to 15.If score is 20 and penalty is 30, score should be set to 0. The code segment does not work as intended. Line 1: IF(score - penalty < 0) Line 2: { Line 3: score ← score - penalty Line 4: } Line 5: ELSE Line 6: { Line 7: score ← 0 Line 8: } Which of the following changes can be made so that the code segment works as intended?
Interchanging lines 3 and 7
ASCII is a character-encoding scheme that uses 7 bits to represent each character. The decimal (base 10) values 65 through 90 represent the capital letters A through Z, as shown in the table below. (table) What ASCII character is represented by the binary (base 2) number 1001010 ?
J
In the following procedure, the parameter numList is a list of numbers and the parameters j and k are integers. PROCEDURE swapListElements(numList, j, k) { newList ← numList newList[j] ← numList[k] newList[k] ← numList[j] RETURN(newList) } Which of the following is the most appropriate documentation to appear with the swapListElements procedure?
Returns a copy of numList with the elements at indices j and k interchanged.The values of j and k must both be between 1 and LENGTH(numList), inclusive.
A researcher is analyzing data about students in a school district to determine whether there is a relationship between grade point average and number of absences. The researcher plans on compiling data from several sources to create a record for each student. The researcher has access to a database with the following information about each student. Last name First name Grade level (9, 10, 11, or 12) Grade point average (on a 0.0 to 4.0 scale) The researcher also has access to another database with the following information about each student. First name Last name Number of absences from school Number of late arrivals to school Upon compiling the data, the researcher identifies a problem due to the fact that neither data source uses a unique ID number for each student. Which of the following best describes the problem caused by the lack of unique ID numbers?
Students who have the same name may be confused with each other.
A certain social media Web site allows users to post messages and to comment on other messages that have been posted. When a user posts a message, the message itself is considered data. In addition to the data, the site stores the following metadata. The time the message was posted The name of the user who posted the message The names of any users who comment on the message and the times the comments were made For which of the following goals would it be more useful to analyze the data instead of the metadata?
To determine the topics that many users are posting about
A student is creating a Web site that is intended to display information about a city based on a city name that a user enters in a text field. Which of the following are likely to be challenges associated with processing city names that users might provide as input? Select two answers.
Users might enter abbreviations for the names of cities. Users might misspell the name of the city.
A search engine has a trend-tracking feature that provides information on how popular a search term is. The data can be filtered by geographic region, date, and category. Categories include arts and entertainment, computers and electronics, games, news, people and society, shopping, sports, and travel. Which of the following questions is LEAST likely to be answerable using the trends feature?
What is the cost of a certain electronics product?
Two lists, list1 and list2, contain the names of books found in two different collections. A librarian wants to create newList, which will contain the names of all books found in either list, in alphabetical order, with duplicate entries removed. For example, if list1 contains ["Macbeth", "Frankenstein", "Jane Eyre"] and list2 contains ["Frankenstein", "Dracula", "Macbeth", "Hamlet"], then newList will contain ["Dracula", "Frankenstein", "Hamlet", "Jane Eyre", "Macbeth"]. The following procedures are available to create newList. (table) Which of the following code segments will correctly create newList ?
newList ← Combine (list1, list2) newList ← Sort (newList) newList ← RemoveDuplicates (newList)
An online store uses 6-bit binary sequences to identify each unique item for sale. The store plans to increase the number of items it sells and is considering using 7-bit binary sequences. Which of the following best describes the result of using 7-bit sequences instead of 6-bit sequences?
2 times as many items can be uniquely identified.
The table below shows the time a computer system takes to complete a specified task on the customer data of different-sized companies. (table) Based on the information in the table, which of the following tasks is likely to take the longest amount of time when scaled up for a very large company of approximately 100,000 customers?
Sorting data
Consider the following code segment. result = 2 REPEAT 3 TIMES result = result * 5 DISPLAY result Which of the following best describes the behavior of the code segment?
The code segment displays the value of 2(5^3)2(5^3) by initializing result to 2 and then multiplying result by 5 a total of three times.
A student wrote the following code segment, which displays true if the list myList contains any duplicate values and displays false otherwise. (code) The code segment compares pairs of list elements, setting containsDuplicates to true if any two elements are found to be equal in value. Which of the following best describes the behavior of how pairs of elements are compared?
The code segment iterates through myList, comparing each element to all subsequent elements in the list.
A programmer wrote the program below. The program uses a list of numbers called numList. The program is intended to display the sum of the numbers in the list. sum = numList 1 FOR EACH value IN numList sum = sum + value DISPLAY sum In order to test the program, the programmer initializes numList to [0, 1, 4, 5]. The program displays 10, and the programmer concludes that the program works as intended. Which of the following is true?
The conclusion is incorrect; using the test case [0, 1, 4, 5] is not sufficient to conclude the program is correct.
A camera mounted on the dashboard of a car captures an image of the view from the driver's seat every second. Each image is stored as data. Along with each image, the camera also captures and stores the car's speed, the date and time, and the car's GPS location as metadata. Which of the following can best be determined using only the data and none of the metadata?
The number of bicycles the car passed on a particular day
A retailer that sells footwear maintains a single database containing records with the following information about each item for sale in the retailer's store. Item identification number Footwear type (sneakers, boots, sandals, etc.) Selling price (in dollars) Size Color Quantity available Using only the database, which of the following can be determined?
Which items listed in the database are not currently in the store
The following procedure is intended to return true if the list of numbers myList contains only positive numbers and is intended to return false otherwise. The procedure does not work as intended. PROCEDURE allPositive(myList) { index ← 1 len ← LENGTH(myList) REPEAT len TIMES { IF(myList[index] > 0) { RETURN(true) } index ← index + 1 } RETURN(false) } For which of the following contents of myList does the procedure NOT return the intended result?
[-1, 0, 1]
Central High School keeps a database of information about each student, including the numeric variables numberOfAbsences and gradePointAverage. The expression below is used to determine whether a student is eligible to receive an academic award. (numberOfAbsences ≤ 5) AND (gradePointAverage > 3.5) Which of the following pairs of values indicates that a student is eligible to receive an academic award?
numberOfAbsences = 5, gradePointAverage = 3.8
