Test 3&4 (Nutrition )
Prebiotics such as yogurt, kefir, tempeh, kimchi, and sauerkraut should be eaten in very small amounts to prevent harmful toxic levels of GI normal floria.
False
Twelve-year old Pierre has been diagnosed with Celia disease so he needs to avoid foods which have either corn or rice.
False
Water-soluble and fat-soluble nutrients are transported from the lymph capillaries through the lymphatic vessels and eventually arrive at the thoracic duct.
False
Inadequate consumption of ________ leads to the formation of diverticula.
Fiber
The three components of the ________ are ascending, descending, transverse
colon
The most nutritious, high-fiber carbohydrates are
complex carbohydrates
During the process of digestion, ________ are converted to glucose.
disaccharides
Insulin brings blood glucose levels ________ and glucagon brings them ________.
down , up
Hyperglycemia represents ________ blood sugar.
elevated
Functional fiber is more nutritious than soluble or insoluble fiber.
false
The lymphatic system filters the blood and eliminates waste.
false
Type 2 diabetes develops in infancy.
false
Constipation, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and obesity can be prevented by eating more foods which are rich in
fiber
Which of the following travels to the colon undigested and most of it is eliminated from the body?
fiber
Which substance should be consumed in the minimum quantity of 25-30 grams daily?
fiber
The ________ receives bile from the liver through the common hepatic duct.
gallbladder
The digestive organ which can be removed without causing harm is the
gallbladder
The purpose of carbohydrate digestion is to produce
glucose
The only treatment for celiac disease is a strict, lifelong gluten-free diet.
True
Pectins, beta-glucan, gums and psyllium represent
soluble fiber.
The RDA for carbohydrates is
130 grams
A individual who is constipated needs to consume
25-30 grams of fiber, and more water.
Type I diabetes result from a malfunctioning pancreas.
True
________ are circular muscular rings which open and close in response to nerve input.________ are circular muscular rings which open and close in response to nerve input.
Sphincters
Chronic heartburn can be a symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease, when the acidic stomach contents reflux into the esophagus because the lower esophageal sphincter is weak.
True
Clara is a healthy college student who eats reasonably well and has not been sick for several years. She therefore digests and absorbs 92-97 percent of the nutrients in her foods.
True
Fat-soluble vitamins and long-chain fatty acids are transported via the lymphatic system, and eventually drains into the subclavian vein.
True
Ghrelin and peptide YY communicate with the brain to help you decide when to eat and when to stop eating.
True
Hemorrhoids are caused by increased pressure in the veins in the rectum and anus causes swelling and inflammation.
True
Physical exercise which lasts 150 minutes per week and a plant-based diet has been shown to effectively treat type 2 diabetes.
True
The villi and microvilli are the site of nutrient
absorption.
Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth with the enzyme
amylase
The recommended foods to control diabetes symptoms should
be high-fiber, low-fat, low-sugar foods.
The part of wheat which relieves constipation is the
bran
A person who has trouble digesting a protein in rye, wheat, and barley suffers from
celiac disease.
Many Americans underestimate sugar content of processed foods because they can be "hidden" in the form of
high fructose corn syrup, and sucrose
The ________ sphincter (valve) is located between the end of the small intestine and the beginning of the large intestine to prevent backflow of fecal contents from the large intestine into the small intestine.
ileocecal
Hypoglycemia symptoms include dizziness, shaking, and weakness which results from the release of too much
insulin
Lactose ________ results in bloating, flatulence, cramps, and diarrhea.
intolerence
Luis has been troubled with constipation, diarrhea, or a combination of constipation and diarrhea. He has symptoms associated with
irritable bowel syndrome.
The sequence of food processing in the gut is
mastication, digestion, absorption, excretion.
Which of the following represents storage sites of glycogen?
muscle, liver
Nondigestible starch found in plant foods that promotes the growth and health of your GI flora are
prebiotics
The ________ prevents chyme from exiting the stomach too soon and blocks the intestinal contents from returning to the stomach.
pyloric sphincter
Prediabetes symptoms are ________.
similar to diabetes symptoms
Chyme is the semiliquid, partially digested food mass that leaves the stomach and enters the
small intestine.
Excess glucose is converted and stored as body fat.
true
Gestational diabetes occurs among pregnant women.
true
Grandpa has inflamed swollen and bleeding veins in the rectum and anus so he needs to increase dietary fiber and fluid intake.
true
The longer a food is chewed, the longer the action of salivary amylase.
true