Accounting 3303 Chp. 3&4
0..1
(0,1)
0..*
(0,N)
1..1
(1,1)
1..*
(1,N)
Specify the order of the steps in mapping a UML class diagram to a relational database schema by matching the step to the order number.
1 map classes to tables 2 map class attributes to table fields 3 map associations to foreign keys 4 create new tables for many-to-many relationships
Classes A and B are linked. The multiplicities on the association next to A are 1..* and next to B are 0..1. In this case, post the foreign key in class
A
enterprise system (ES)
A centralized database that collects data from throughout the firm. Commercialized information system that integrates and automates business processes across a firm's value chain located within and across organizations.
Structured Query Language (SQL)
A computer language designed to retrieve data from a relational database.
database management system (DBMS)
A computer program that creates, modifies, and queries the database. Specifically, the DBMS is designed to manage a database's storage and retrieval of information.
structure model
A conceptual depiction of a database, such as a UML class model or an entity-relationship model.
network data model
A flexible model representing objects and their relationships; allows each record to have multiple parent and child records or M:N mapping, also known as many-to-many relationships.
data models
A graphic representation of the conceptual contents of databases; data models support communication about database contents between users and designers of the database.
database
A shared collection of logically related data for various uses.
composition relationship
A special-purpose UML notation representing the relationship between two classes that are often considered together, similar to aggregation relationships, except in composition relationships, one class cannot exist without the other, such as a book and the chapters that compose the book.
aggregation relationship
A special-purpose UML notation representing the relationship between two classes that are often considered together, such as when a sports league is made up of a collection of teams.
generalization relationship
A special-purpose UML symbol that supports grouping of things that share common characteristics; it reduces redundancy because the shared characteristics need only be modeled once.
pages
Access pages allow data to be entered into the database in real time from outside of the database system.
primary key (PK)
An attribute or a combination of attributes that uniquely identifies an instance of a class in a data model or a specific row in a table.
class
Any separately identifiable collection of things (objects) about which the organization wants to collect and store information. Classes can represent organization resources (e.g., trucks, machines, buildings, cash, investments), persons (e.g., customers, employees), events (e.g., sales, purchases, cash disbursements, cash receipts), and conceptual structures (e.g., accounts, product categories, budgets). Classes are typically implemented as tables in a relational database, where individual instances of the class are represented as rows in the table.
foreign key (FK)
Attribute that allows database tables to be linked together; foreign keys are the primary keys of other tables placed in the current table to support the link between the two tables.
Classes A and B are linked. The multiplicities on the association next to A are 1..1 and next to B are 0..*. In this case, post the foreign key in class
B
How is a many-to-many relationship implemented in a relational database?
By creating a new table with primary keys of both tables.
Which of the following is a composition relationship?
Chapters in a book
Cannot be blank Dose not change over time Preferable uses sequential values
Criteria for selection of primary keys include which of the following?
attributes
Data elements that describe instances in a class, very much like fields in a database table; characteristics, properties, or adjectives that describe each class.
attribute
Data elements which describe the instances in a class are called
data dictionary
Describes the data fields in each database record such as field description, field length, field type (e.g., alphanumeric, numeric), etc.
1* and 0..1
Each cash disbursement pays for a min of 1 and a max of many purchases
1...1 and 0..*
Each purchase can be paid for with many payments
1...1 and 0..1
Each purchase is paid separately and in full with one cash disbursement
The specification for UML (unified modeling language) is maintained by the Object Management Guild
False
generalization relationships allow grouping of things with varied characteristics
False
form
Forms are utilized by users to enter data into tables and view existing records.
Which of the following are examples of association between classes in UML?
Instructors "teach" classes Employees "Work for" supervisors Customer "participates" in sales
macro
Macros are defined by Access users to automate processes such as opening a specific form.
constraints
Optional or mandatory guidance about how a process should perform in certain situations.
hierarchical data model
Organizes data into a tree-like structure that allows repeating information using defined parent/child relationships.
Aggregation relationships include which of the following examples?
Players on a team Stocks in a stock index Teams in a league
1* and 0...*
Purchase may be paid for over time and each payment can apply to many purchases
query
Query in Access is a tool used to retrieve and display data derived from records stored within the database.
report
Reports in Access are used to integrate data from one or more queries and tables to provide useful information to decision makers.
Classes in UML are implemented as tables in a relational database and individual instances of the class are implemented as______ in the Table
Rows
module
Some Microsoft applications come with modules built in that will be automatically added onto Access.
relational data model
Stores information in the form of related two-dimensional tables.
Business rules can be enforced using which of the following enforcement levels?
Strict enforcement Pre-override Post-override
class diagram
Structure models prepared using UML notation.
business rule
Succinct statements of constraints on business processes; they provide the logic that guides the behavior of the business in specific situations.
relationship
The business purpose for the association between two classes or two database tables; see association.
referential integrity rule
The data value for a foreign key must either be null or match one of the data values that already exist in the corresponding table.
entities
The people, things, and events in the domain of interest; in UML notation, entities are modeled as classes.
database administrator
The person responsible for the design, implementation, repair, and security of a firm's database.
entity integrity rule
The primary key of a table must have data values (cannot be null).
association
UML symbol that depicts the relationship between two classes; it is modeled as a solid line that connects two classes in a model.
multiplicities
UML symbols that describe the minimum and maximum number of times an instance of one class can be associated with instances of another class for a specific association between those two classes; they indicate whether the two classes are part of one-to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-many relationships.
Cloud Computing
Using redundant servers in multiple locations to host virtual machines.
Roles
When employees have different responsibilities, such as when employees work on a project and one employee supervises the project, those____________can be modeled with multiple associations between the employee class and the linked class.
Should be controlled by the assigning organization Uniquely identifies instance with of class Cannot be blank(null)
Which of the following is true about primary keys
a ________is an object which is implemented as a table in a relational database
class
The Object Management group is a consortium of________ Industry members
computer
Structure Models describe ____________ and __________ structure of the business processes
information ,data
A model of logical Database must be able to describe all of the following except?
keys
An ERD is a graphical representation of the_________data structure of a database.
logical
Hierarchical data models organize data into a tree-like structure and are widely used in_____database
mainframe
The first step in mapping a ULM class diagram to a relational database schema is
map classes to tables.
0...* or 1..*maximum is more than one
maximum is more than one
0..1 or 1..1
maximum is one
All of the following are types of data models used in databases today:
network model relational model hierarchical model
1...1 or 1..*
participation is mandatory
0..1 or 0..*
participation is optional
Which of the following things can be represented by classes on a UML class diagram?
people and assets
Generalization__________allow groupings of things that share common characteristics.
pools
When employees have different responsibilities, those ______ can be modeled with multiple associations between the employee class and the linked class.
roles
Which of the following are true about the purpose of structure models
tools of planning, tools of documenting tools of implementing databases
A list of tables associated with a UML class diagram would include attributes, primary keys, and any foreign keys for each table.
true
A database is used to maintain information about
types of objects.
The List should contain as many tables as classes on the UML diagram The table name should be the same as the class name Every table should have a primary key identifier
which of the following statements is true about a list of tables based on a UML class diagram and associated attributes?
A constraint can be modeled in each of the following ways:
with notes by placement
What is the minimum cardinality in an ERD if the relationship is optional?
zero
