Anatomy 1 Chapter 13 - The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

In response to a muscle being stretched, a muscle spindle initiates a somatic spinal reflex that causes- 1. contraction of the effector's muscle 2. relaxation of the antagonist's muscle 3. contraction of the antagonist's muscle 4. relaxation of the effector's muscle

1 and 2

What parts of a neuron within a nerve is/are wrapped in a protective endoneurium? 1. Myelinated axon 2. Unmyelinated axon 3. Dendrites

1 and 2

Spinal nerves 1. are part of the PNS. 2. connect the CNS to sensory receptors and effectors in all parts of the body. 3. are named according to the region of the vertebral column from which they emerge. 4. are mixed nerves. 5. only transmit sensory information 6. only transmit motor information.

1,2,3,4

Sensory information travels to the brain via

Acsending tracts

Which of the follwoing are sensory tracts?

Anterior spinothalamic and Posterior columns

Spinal nerve C8 exits between which two vertebrae?

C7 and T1

What are the regions of the spinal cord?

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

The spinal cord ends between the first and second lumbar vertebrae. This area is called the:

Conus medullaris

Which of the following extends along the entire length of the spinal cord to protect the spinal cord against sudden displacement?

Denticulate ligament

In this diagram, which structure is the conus medullaris?

E

Which of the following lists the connective tissue coverings of the axons, fascicles, and entire nerve in the correct order?

Endoneurium, Perineurium, Epineurium

Which layer of protective connective tissue covers a nerve and fuses with the outer menix layer?

Epineurium

A gymnast has damaged their hip flexor muscles. The nerve that inervates these muscles arise from which group of spinal nerves in this diagram?

F

Within a nerve, axons are bundled into

Fascicles

In the diagram, which structure contains nerve roots that arise from the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal region of the spinal cord?

G

In this diagram, where would this somatic motor nuclei be located?

H

Which of the following parts of a reflex arc can be monosynaptic or polysynaptic?

Intergrating center

If these structures were severed, the nerve impulses from pain and stretch receptors would not reach the spinal cord

Posterior root of spinal cord

A nerve impulse initiated at a muscle spindle has to travel through which of the following structures to enter the integrating center?

Posterior root of the spinal nerve

Which statement best describes reciprocal innervation?

Relaxation of antagonist at the same time of contraction of agonist

The physician using a diagnostic probe stimulates the skin in the plantar surface of a patient, but the patient does not feel the sensation. Which nerves are probably damanged?

S1

Which of the following is the sequence of the transmission of signals of a reflex arc-

Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector

Which structure listed contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Subarachniod space

The indicated structure contains-

cell bodies of sensory neurons

Sensory and motor tracts within the spinal cord

have names that indicate the location of the initiation and termination of the nerve impulses they conduct.

The white matter of the spinal cord is

located around the outside of the cord.