Anatomy & Phys CH. 8

Which of the following joints is an example of a ball-and-socket joint?

shoulder

A ligamentous connection such as an interosseus ligament is termed a

syndesmosis.

An epiphyseal line is an example of a

synostosis

Joints that are diarthroses and have a cavity are classified as ______ joints.

synovial

which of the following features is not part of the synovial joint?

tendon sheath

What best describes cartilaginous joints?

little, if any, motion

Which statement best describes a bursa?

A bursa is a synovial fluid-filled structure lined with synovial membrane on its inner surface.

A syndesmosis is a(n)

Amphiarthrosis

In which of the following locations would a gliding movement most likely occur?

Between the intercarpal joints of the wrist

Which of the following is NOT a property of synovial joints?

Covered by a serous membrane

Which of the following is a freely movable joint?

Diarthrosis

Which of the following is a functional joint classification?

Diarthrosis

What movement decreases the angle between the foot and tibia as the toes are pulled up toward the head?

Dorsiflexion

Which of the following cartilaginous joints is found only in young, growing people?

Epiphyseal plate

Which of the following cartilaginous joints functions primarily in protection and shock absorption of the spinal column?

Intervertebral disc

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of articular cartilage?

It secretes synovial fluid.

________ subdivide synovial cavities, channel the flow of synovial fluid, and allow for variations in the shapes of the articular surfaces.

Menisci

What type of joint is a ball-and-socket joint?

Multiaxial (triaxial) joint

Which of the following best represents the functional classifications of joints ranked from least movable to most movable?

Synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis

Which of the following is not a subclass of a fibrous joint?

Synchondrosis

Which of the following joints is cartilaginous?

Synchondrosis

What part of the joint cavity lubricates the joint, supplies nutrients, removes metabolic wastes, and absorbs shock?

Synovial fluid

Which of the following statements best describes tendon sheaths?

Tendon sheaths protect long tendons as they course over and around synovial joints.

Choose the incorrect statement regarding synovial joints. Luxation results when reinforcing structures cannot protect a joint from extreme stresses. The greater the range of motion, the weaker the joint. The area inside a joint has a significant number of pain receptors. There are nerves present, which monitor the capsule.

The area inside a joint has a significant number of pain receptors.

All the following structures are part of a synovial joint except:

a bursa

Synovial fluid can be found in all the following structures except:

a symphysis

A movement away from the midline of the body is termed

abduction

Joints are classified functionally by their _____ and structurally by their _____.

amount of motion; anatomical characteristics

Joints that have just slight movement are functionally classified as ______.

amphiarthroses

A slightly movable joint is a(n)

amphiarthrosis

A joint cavity consists of _______________________________.

an articular cartilage, an articular capsule, and synovial fluid

Flexion and extension are types of __________.

angular movements

Synovial joints are entirely encased in dense fibrous connective tissue that extends from the periosteum of one bone to another. This structure is called the _____.

articular capsule

Exposed bone surfaces within a joint cavity are lined with _______.

articular cartilage

Which type of synovial joint is the glenohumeral joint?

ball and socket joint

Synovial joints allowing movement around two axes are known as ______ joints.

biaxial

The anterior cruciate ligament anchors the tibia bone to a __________.

bone

What do ligaments connect?

bones

________ describes a complex angular movement in a circle.

circumduction

Which of the following exemplifies a gliding joint?

claviculosternal joints

What fiber is commonly associated with fibrous joints?

collagen

A ___ joint allows flexion/extension, adduction/abduction, and circumduction, but not rotation.

condylar

Synovial joints are classified functionally as:

diarthroses.

All the following structural classifications apply to joints except:

diarthrosis

All of the following movements occur at the intervertebral joints, except

dorsiflexion

Lifting a stone with the tip of the foot is

dorsiflexion

While chewing gum you will ______ the mandible.

elevate and depress

The movement of a body part upward is called ________.

elevation

The radiocarpal joint is a(n) ________ joint.

ellipsoid

The joints that connect the four fingers with the metacarpal bones are

ellipsoid joints

fracture at the ______ can quite possibly have lifelong consequences, such as differences in limb length.

epiphyseal plate

A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole of the foot outward is known as

eversion

When you walk up the stairs your hip and knee joints _____________ to lift your body weight.

extend

In the knee joint, the medial meniscus is __________.

fibrocartilage

Syndesmosis is to ligament as symphysis is to

fibrous cartilage

The elbow and knee joints are similar in that their primary motions are __________.

flexion and extension

The movements known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve moving the

foot

Joints perform all the following functions except:

generate heat

Which type of joint is found between the carpal bones?

gliding

Dense connective tissue is to a suture as a periodontal ligament is to a(n)

gomphosis

It is important for a _____ to be a synarthrosis because we want our teeth to have stability in the mandible.

gomphosis

The synarthrosis that binds the teeth to the bony sockets is a

gomphosis.

The elbow joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint.

hinge

All of the following are joints of the axial skeleton except (the):

hip joint

Extending a body part past the anatomical position is called ________.

hyperextension

Movement in the anterior-posterior plane that increases the angle between articulating elements past the anatomical position is called:

hyperextension

Which of the following is NOT a function of synovial fluid?

increases osmotic pressure within joint

Ligaments that are found within the articular capsule are known as _____.

intrinsic ligaments

A common injury to the ankle occurs by excessive turning of the sole inward, termed

inversion

Elevation of the medial edge of the sole of the foot describes which of the following?

inversion

The largest, most complex diarthrosis in the body is the _____________.

knee joint

Bending the vertebral column from side to side is an example of:

lateral flexion

Abduction is a(n):

movement away from the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane.

Which of the following movements is a good example of flexion?

moving the hand toward the shoulder

Joints moving in one or more planes but that do not move around an axis are known as ____.

nonaxial joints

Which of the following movements is a good example of depression?

opening the mouth

To pinch with a thumb and finger involves a movement called

opposition

The most common type of inflammation of the joints is _____.

osteoarthritis

Which bone structure(s) is/are continuous with the capsule of the joint, adding strength and helping to stabilize the joint?

periosteum

Shaking your head "no" while talking to a small child is the result of a _____ joint between the axis and the atlas.

pivot

The gliding motion of the wrist uses ________ joints.

plane

Which foot movement enables the ballerina to stand on her toes?

plantar flexion

If you stand on tiptoes to reach something on a top shelf, you are performing ______________ at the ankle.

plantarflexion

All of the following are structural classifications of synovial joints, except

rolling

In ______, the bone turns around itself.

rotation

The joint between the trapezium and metacarpal bone of the thumb is an example of a(n) ________ joint.

saddle

The first carpometacarpal joints are examples of which type of synovial joints?

saddle joint

Which of the following joints is unique to the thumb?

saddle joint

The joint that permits the greatest range of mobility of any joint in the body is the ________ joint.

shoulder

The most freely movable joint in the human body is the ________ joint.

shoulder

Which of the following movements is a good example of abduction?

spreading the fingers

All the following functions are associated with synovial fluid except:

stability

Which type of fibrous joint is found between bones of the cranium?

suture

Which of these is one of the four major types of synarthrotic joints?

suture synchondrosis synostosis gomphosis all of the above*****

The type of joint found between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae is classified as a _____.

symphysis

Two types of cartilaginous joints are _______________________.

symphysis and synchondrosis

A suture is an example of a(n)

synarthrosis

An immovable joint is a(n)

synarthrosis

The fibrous connection between a tooth and its socket is functionally and structurally classified as which of the following?

synarthrotic gomphosis

Functionally, all of the following are synarthroses except:

syndesmosis

Structurally, the distal articulation between the tibia and fibula is an example of which of the following?

syndesmosis

What type of joint allows motion around only one axis?

uniaxial