AP Gov - Ch. 8 Question Bank

The texts suggests that, if the "party of nonvoters" had participated at a higher rate in the 1992 and 1996 presidential elections, a. Bill Clinton would probably have won, by a wider margin. b. Bill Clinton would probably have won, by a smaller margin c. George Bush would probably have won, by a narrow margin. d. Ross Perot would probably have won, by a large margin. e. Ross Perot would probably have won by a narrow margin.

a. Bill Clinton would probably have won, by a wider margin

Which of the following statements about the right to vote in the United States is correct? a. Not every U.S. citizen of voting age is allowed to vote. b. The original U.S. Constitution ensured women the right to vote. c. In 1880 a higher percentage of British than Americans could vote. d. The original U.S. Constitution specifically prohibited setting property restrictions on the right to vote. e. The states originally had little say as to who could and could not vote.

a. Not every U.S. citizen of voting age is allowed to vote.

Which of two individuals, one black, one white, with roughly the same level of income and schooling, is most likely to participate in politics? a. The black individual. b. The white individual. c. The two individuals will participate at about the same level. d. The white individual if economics is a critical feature of an election. e. No study has been conducted on this question.

a. The black individual

Which of the following is statements does not apply to the 11 percent of the population who are activists? a. They are old. b. They have high levels of education. c. They have higher levels of income. d. They participate in many forms of politics. e. B and C.

a. They are old

Why are so many more people registered to vote in most European nations than in the United States? a. because voter registration is both free and automatic in these countries b. because voters are so much more politically motivated in these countries c. because voting is prerequisite to citizenship in these countries d. because voters are paid to vote in these countries e. because voters are less ideological in these countries

a. because voter registration is both free and automatic in these countries

According to Verba and Nie's study of political participation, the type of activity most likely to attract citizens with strong opinions and party identification is a. campaigning. b. voting. c. joining a nonpartisan political organization. d. writing local officials about a problem. e. contacting a local official.

a. campaigning

The text argues that conventional data comparing U.S. and European voter turnout rates are misleading because they a. compute turnout by two different measures. b. are compiled by different agencies. c. fail to recognize different political cultures. d. disregard the levels of vote fraud. e. All of these.

a. compute turnout by two different measures

Campaigners are distinguished from the general population by their a. higher education levels and stronger opinions. b. lower education levels and stronger opinions. c. higher education levels and weaker opinions. d. lower education levels and weaker opinions. e. lack of party identification and distaste for conflict.

a. higher education levels and stronger opinions

Youth, low income, and minority status are associated with which of the following participation groups? a. inactives b. parochial participants c. communalists d. campaigners e. voting-specialists

a. inactives

Federal voter registrars and poll watchers can be sent into areas where a. less than 50 percent of the population votes in a presidential election. b. vote fraud has been documented in two or more previous elections. c. a literacy test or poll tax was in use prior to passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. d. both parties petition the government for their presence. e. a party gathers more than 70 percent of the vote.

a. less than 50 percent of the population votes in a presidential election.

Which of the following factors are highly correlated with a high rate of political participation? a. more education, older than thirty-five years old b. more education, age younger than thirty-five years old c. immigrant background, higher income d. nonimmigrant background, more education e. high income, younger than twenty-five

a. more education, older than thirty-five years

The number of voters eligible to vote in the 1972 presidential election rose dramatically from the previous election, in large measure because voting was extended to a. persons between the ages of eighteen and twenty-one. b. all blacks through passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1970. c. women through ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment. d. aliens through passage of the Alien Rights Act. e. None of these.

a. persons between the ages of eighteen and twenty-one.

The poll tax was a device used to prevent electoral participation by a. southern blacks. b. blacks throughout the nation. c. poor people in the North. d. poor people throughout the nation. e. those who fought for the North in the War Between the States.

a. southern blacks

The steady decline in U.S. voter turnout appears to be the unintentional result of a. strict voter registration procedures. b. the poll tax. c. the fraudulent reporting of election results. d. literacy testing. e. media campaigns.

a. strict voter registration procedures

Two of the participation groups Verba and Nie describe, campaigners and communalists, differ primarily in their a. taste for conflict. b. political ideology. c. socioeconomic status. d. general level of participation. e. intensity of religious sentiment.

a. taste for conflict

Suffrage was extended in the Twenty-sixth Amendment to a. those aged eighteen to twenty. b. blacks. c. women. d. residents of the District of Columbia. e. felons who had received presidential pardons.

a. those aged eighteen to twenty.

Some scholars argue that the decline in voter turnout in the twentieth century is more apparent than real because in the nineteenth century a. vote fraud inflated ballot counts. b. the illiteracy of immigrants was not a factor. c. property qualifications reduced the electorate. d. blacks were terrorized to keep them from voting. e. elections were commonly affected by freakishly poor weather.

a. vote fraud inflated ballot counts.

Scholars who deny that there has been a real voting decline from the nineteenth to the twentieth centuries point to earlier practices of a. vote fraud. b. the party bloc ballot. c. automatic registration. d. multiple-member districts. e. run-off elections.

a. vote fraud.

Which of the following forms of participation has been decreasing in recent years? a. voting b. writing to public officials c. making demands on government officials d. public demonstrations and protest marches e. contributing money to a party

a. voting

In Italy, what happens if citizens do not vote in an election? a. They are fined. b. That fact is noted on their government papers. c. Nothing is done. d. They are prohibited from receiving government assistance. e. They are threatened with deportation.

b. That fact is noted on their government papers.

Which of the following gave the right to vote in state elections to eighteen-year-olds? a. an act of Congress b. a Constitutional amendment c. a federal court ruling d. concerted action on the part of the states e. an Executive order

b. a Constitutional amendment

Which of the following statements about political participation by blacks is correct? a. Blacks participate less than whites across the board. b. Blacks participate more than whites of the same socioeconomic status. c. Blacks participate only at certain times, such as during the civil rights movement of the 1960s. d. Blacks participate more heavily than whites in protest movements, riots, and demonstrations. e. Blacks participate more than whites across the board.

b. blacks participate more than whites of the same socioeconomic status

Which of the following do parochial participants seem most eager to avoid? a. the tension of partisanship b. both partisanship and community group membership c. all forms of political involvement d. the appearance of being too individualistic e. the sharing of personal problems with public officials

b. both partisanship and community group membership

Which of the following participation groups is distinguished from the others by its higher education and willingness to take strong stands on issues? a. voting specialists b. campaigners c. communalists d. parochial participants e. inactives

b. campaigners

The Voting Age Population (VAP) is calculated from a. state voter registration lists. b. census reports. c. public opinion polls. d. legislative surveys. e. party membership lists.

b. census reports

Politically inactive individuals tend to be all of the following except a. low income. b. ideological. c. young. d. nonwhite. e. A and B.

b. ideological

Two recent studies have shown that most of the differences in voter turnout in different countries can be explained by all of the following factors except a. party strength. b. media coverage. c. automatic registration. d. compulsory voting systems. e. B and C.

b. media coverage.

Voter turnout in European elections is typically a. nearly 100 percent. b. more than 80 percent. c. approximately 50 percent. d. less than 40 percent. e. less than 30 percent.

b. more than 80 percent

Maine, Minnesota, Oregon, and Wisconsin have each legislated voter registration a. according to stricter standards than the federal ones. b. on the same day as the elections. c. by postcard up to one month before the election. d. by using door-to-door registrars. e. on the internet.

b. on the same day as the elections

Verba and Nie found that about ________ of the population was never active in politics in any way. a. one-tenth b. one-fifth c. one-half d. two-thirds e. one-third

b. one-fifth

11. Political participation encompasses all of the following activities except a. voting. b. paying your taxes. c. writing your congressional representative. d. signing a petition. e. discussing politics.

b. paying your taxes

The most obvious negative consequence of strict voter registration procedures, such as those that exist throughout the United States, is a(n) a. reduction in the number of candidates seeking office. b. reduction in voting generally. c. increase in single-issue voting. d. increase in the power of political parties. e. increase in split ticket voting.

b. reduction in voting generally

One way the "motor-voter" bill makes registering to vote easier is by allowing a. mail-in registration with income tax payment for all car owners. b. registration with driver's license application. c. all state welfare offices to register applicants. d. automatic registration for all car owners. e. rewards for car owners who register.

b. registration with driver's license application

Surveys that ask individuals whether they voted in a given election are hampered by the fact that a. most people cannot remember whether they voted. b. some 10 percent will report voting when in fact they did not. c. the individuals sampled are frequently unrepresentative of the larger population. d. most people regard voting as a private matter. e. federal law prohibits questioning voters within forty-eight hours of an election.

b. some 10 percent will report voting when in fact they did not

Voter turnout rates are computed as a percentage of the entire population, which is significantly higher than the number of registered voters in a. most European countries. b. the United States. c. both Europe and the United States. d. neither Europe nor the United States. e. Italy and France.

b. the United States

Voter turnout rates for the best-attended elections run between 50 percent and 60 percent in a. most European countries. b. the United States. c. both Europe and the United States. d. neither Europe nor the United States; both have higher turnout rates. e. the United States and Italy.

b. the United States

Between 1915 and 1925, the size of the eligible voting population in the United States almost doubled. The main reason for this was that a. the Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was ratified. b. women were given the right to vote. c. the grandfather clause that denied voting to blacks was ruled unconstitutional. d. literacy tests for blacks were ruled unconstitutional. e. voter registration laws were abolished in seventeen states.

b. women were given the right to vote

Property restrictions on suffrage persisted in the South as late as a. 1800. b. 1820. c. 1840. d. 1890. e. 1945.

c. 1840

The first elections in which all persons between the ages of eighteen and twenty-one were able to vote were held in a. 1944. b. 1956. c. 1972. d. 1984. e. 1985.

c. 1972

In a typical survey, one might expect ________ percent of respondents to claim to have voted when, in fact, they did not. a. 2 to 4 b. 6 to 8 c. 8 to 10 d. 15 to 20 e. 30 to 40

c. 8 to 10

Which of the following statements about the right to vote by blacks is correct? a. The Fifteenth Amendment ensured all blacks the right to vote. b. According to the Fifteenth Amendment, blacks could not be denied the right to vote on the basis of illiteracy. c. According to the Fifteenth Amendment, blacks could not be denied the right to vote on the basis of race alone. d. According to the Fifteenth Amendment, blacks could not be denied the right to vote on the basis of poverty. e. None of these.

c. According to the Fifteenth Amendment, blacks could not be denied the right to vote on the basis of race alone.

Which of the following statements about U.S. voter participation in presidential elections is correct? a. It increased sharply after women, blacks, and youths were given the right to vote. b. It has remained steady since at least the mid-nineteenth century. c. It has declined since the latter part of the nineteenth century. d. It rose steadily throughout the first half of the twentieth century but has recently declined. e. It has risen steadily since the campaign of Ross Perot.

c. It has declined since the latter part of the nineteenth century.

Compared with other Western nations, the percentage of registered voters in the United States who actually vote is a. much lower. b. much higher. c. about the same. d. approximately the same as the number of eligible voters. e. unknown.

c. about the same

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 contained all of the following provisions except a. a suspension of the use of literacy tests. b. the appointment of federal examiners to register blacks in areas where voter participation had been low. c. an end to all poll taxes and property requirements. d. the imposition of criminal penalties for interfering with the right to vote. e. B and C.

c. an end to all poll taxes and property requirements

The adoption of motor-voter programs has resulted in a. significantly more Republicans being registered. b. significantly more Democrats being registered. c. an increase in independent registrations. d. a drop-off in voter registration. e. a string of victories for the Democrats.

c. an increase in independent registrations

By 1972 those who had received the right to vote in all U.S. elections and who had been previously disenfranchised included a. blacks only. b. blacks and women only. c. blacks, women, and eighteen-year-olds only. d. blacks, women, eighteen-year-olds, and prison inmates. e. blacks, women, eighteen-year-olds, and prison inmates who had been pardoned.

c. blacks, women, and eighteen-year-olds only.

Which of the following participation groups appears to want to avoid conflict and tension more than the others? a. voting specialists b. campaigners c. communalists d. parochial participants e. inactives

c. communalists

When Voting Eligible Population (VEP) statistics are examined, a. the decline in vote turnout is even more apparent. b. the apparent decline in vote turnout vanishes completely. c. it is apparent that vote turnout has not declined since the early 1970's. d. mid-term congressional elections routinely feature turnout rates of above 55 percent. e. None of these.

c. it is apparent that vote turnout has not declined since the early 1970's

In U.S. presidential elections, voter turnout is typically a. less than 25 percent. b. less than 30 percent. c. less than 60 percent. d. more than 80 percent. e. nearly 100 percent.

c. less than 60 percent

The enactment of strict voter registration procedures has resulted in a. decreased electoral fraud. b. decreased voter turnout. c. stronger political parties. d. A and B. e. None of these.

c. stronger political turnout

Which Amendment stated that "the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude"? a. the 12th Amendment b. the 17th Amendment c. the 15th Amendment d. the 25th Amendment e. None of these.

c. the 15th Amendment

Which of the following measures was created to cut back on vote buying and fraudulent vote counts? a. the grandfather clause b. the poll tax c. the Australian ballot d. the motor-voter law e. the Anderson-Howard Act

c. the Australian ballot

Inactives tend to a. be young. b. have little education. c. have low incomes. d. All of these. e. None of these.

d. All of these

Which of the following statements about elections in the United States is correct? a. The U.S. Constitution called for presidential electors to be picked by voters directly rather than by state legislatures. b. The U.S. Constitution standardized the process by which members of the House were elected. c. The Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution allowed all blacks to vote. d. The U.S. Constitution left entirely to the states the decision of who could vote and for what offices. e. All of these.

d. The U.S. Constitution left entirely to the states the decision of who could vote and for what offices.

The _____ Amendment gave voters in the District of Columbia the right to vote in presidential elections. a. Fifteenth b. Twentieth c. Twenty-second d. Twenty-third e. Twenty-sixth

d. Twenty-third

Two multinational studies of voter turnout concluded that party strength, automatic registration, and compulsory voting laws accounted for how much of the variance in turnout? a. almost none b. about one-third c. about two-thirds d. almost all e. It could not be determined from the data.

d. almost all

Before socioeconomic status is taken into account, which of the following groups appears to have lower participation rates than others? a. women b. southerners c. Hispanics d. blacks e. Asian-Americans

d. blacks

One explanation given by the text for the decline in U.S. voter participation in presidential elections after 1900 is that a. parties began functioning to mobilize mass voter turnout. b. fewer citizens were directly affected by the outcome of presidential elections. c. other forms of political participation became less accessible to citizens. d. election fraud was rampant in the nineteenth century. e. the Republican party began to attempt to mobilize individuals who were least likely to vote.

d. election fraud was rampant in the nineteenth century.

A 2001 study found that motor-voter registrants were a. much more likely to vote than other new registrants. b. slightly more likely to vote than other new registrants. c. about as likely to vote as other new registrants. d. less likely to vote than other new registrants. e. None of these.

d. less likely to vote than other new registrants

Compared to the role they used to play, political parties today tend to be a. much better at enrolling new voters and getting them to vote. b. more grassroots oriented than before. c. less able to produce candidates who appeal to voters. d. more distant, national bureaucracies. e. more personal, but less organized.

d. more distant, national bureaucracies.

Compared to the rest of the population, voting specialists tend to be a. younger and more educated. b. younger and less educated. c. older and more educated. d. older and less educated. e. middle-aged and highly educated.

d. older and less educated

Which of the following participation groups avoids both elections and community groups in its political activity? a. voting specialists b. campaigners c. communalists d. parochial participants e. inactives

d. parochial participation

One explanation given by the text for the decline in U.S. voter participation in presidential elections after 1900 is that a. election fraud increased dramatically in the twentieth century. b. fewer citizens were directly affected by the outcome of presidential elections. c. other forms of political participation became less accessible to citizens. d. parties ceased mobilizing mass voter turnout. e. the Republican party began to attempt to mobilize individuals who were least likely to vote.

d. parties ceased mobilizing mass voter turnout.

One unusual — but possible — explanation suggested by the text for the low rate of voter registration in the United States is that a. participation in government is denied to so many people. b. many local governments do not require voters to register. c. the media discourage voter registration. d. people are happy with the way government is working. e. voters cannot actually find the places where they are supposed to vote.

d. people are happy with the way government is working

Recently, some states have reformed their laws to make it easier for people to a. cast absentee ballots while incarcerated. b. get to the polls on election day. c. meet federal requirements to be citizens. d. register to vote. e. rescind an accidental vote.

d. register to vote

If measures were taken to improve voter turnout, it is safest to say that a. such measures would be more likely to benefit the Republicans. b. such measures would be more likely to benefit the Democrats. c. such measures would help both major parties about equally. d. such measures would hurt both parties and help independent candidates. e. we do not know which major party, if either, would benefit.

d. such measures would hurt both parties and help independent candidates.

Which of the following was not a device intended to prevent blacks from voting? a. the grandfather clause b. the poll tax c. the literacy test d. the Australian ballot e. the white primary

d. the Australian ballot

In European countries, the burden of voter registration rests on a. individual voters. b. political parties. c. interest groups. d. the government. e. party leaders.

d. the government

One explanation given by the text for the decline in U.S. voter participation in presidential elections after 1900 is that a. election fraud increased dramatically. b. parties began mobilizing mass voter turnout. c. fewer citizens were directly affected by the outcome of presidential elections. d. voter-registration regulations became more burdensome. e. the Republican party began to attempt to mobilize individuals who were least likely to vote.

d. voter-registration regulations became more burdensome

A careful study of the "party of nonvoters" in the 1992 and 1996 elections found the most common demographic feature(s) of nonvoters to be a. residential mobility b. conservatism c. Protestantism d. youth e. A and D

e. A and D

Which of the following statements applies to the voting rights of U.S. citizens who cannot speak English? a. All U.S. citizens are guaranteed the right to a ballot written in his or her native language. b. These citizens must pass a language test before they are allowed to vote. c. Areas must only provide translators for Spanish speaking persons under the age of twenty-one. d. Areas must provide a translator to all non-English-speaking citizens wishing to vote. e. Areas with many such citizens must provide ballots written in the citizens' languages.

e. Areas with many such citizens must provide ballots written in the citizens' languages.

Which of the following statements regarding the Australian ballot is incorrect? a. It is printed by the government. b. It appeared first in the states. c. It appeared in the late 1800's. d. It is cast in secret. e. It eliminated vote fraud.

e. It eliminated vote fraud

Which of the following statements is true of voter registration in recent years? a. It has increased dramatically. b. It has decreased dramatically. c. It has become more difficult for eligible voters. d. It has changed little. e. It has become easier for eligible voters.

e. It has become easier for eligible voters

According to studies, what effect does cynicism have on voter turnout? a. It decreases turnout. b. It increases it across the board. c. It increases turnout for minor parties only. d. It decreases turnout when third parties are also a factor. e. It has no effect on turnout at all.

e. It has no effect on turnout at all

Which of the following statements describes the correlation between eligible voters' distrust of political leaders and the likelihood that they will vote? a. The more distrustful the voter, the less likely it is that he or she will vote. b. The more distrustful the voter, the more likely it is that he or she will vote. c. The more distrustful the voter, the more likely it is that he or she will register to vote. d. A and C. e. No apparent correlation exists.

e. No apparent correlation exists

By federal law, those areas in which less than 50 percent of the population has voted in presidential elections a. can have federal elections canceled. b. lose a seat in the House of Representatives. c. are placed on probation until the turnout rises to 55 percent or more. d. cannot be treated differently from any other area of the country. e. can be subject to federal voter registrars and poll watchers.

e. can be subject to federal voter registrars and poll watchers.

The willingness to engage in partisan competition separates which two of the participation groups described by Verba and Nie? a. campaigners from complete activists b. inactives from campaigners c. parochial participants from communalists d. inactives from parochial participants e. communalists from campaigners

e. communalists from campaigners

Throughout most of the country, women were first allowed to vote a. with the ratification of the U.S. Constitution. b. with adoption of the Bill of Rights. c. during the second-party system before the Civil War. d. immediately after the Civil War. e. in the first two decades of this century.

e. in the first two decades of this century

One notable problem with Voting Age Population (VAP) statistics is that they a. are usually calculated without reference to gender. b. are biased by the views of political parties. c. tend to exaggerate the number of female voters. d. over-represent individuals born before 1960. e. include people who cannot vote.

e. include people who cannot vote

The text suggests that one reason religious involvement increases political participation is because a. politics is a more simplistic form of theology. b. a belief in God helps people make political decisions. c. the church provides a forum for differing viewpoints. d. it leads to inwardness and thus more political insight. e. it leads to social connectedness and increases awareness of larger issues.

e. it leads to social connectedness and increases awareness of larger issues

The text suggests that one reason religious involvement increases political participation is because a. politics is a more simplistic form of theology. b. a belief in God helps people make political decisions. c. the church provides a forum for differing viewpoints. d. it leads to inwardness and thus more political insight. e. it puts one in contact with like-minded people.

e. it puts one in contact with like-minded people

Until 1920, women were kept from voting by a. intimidation. b. social custom. c. their own choice. d. tradition. e. law.

e. law

In the first presidential election in which eighteen-year-olds were allowed to vote, they a. turned out in far heavier numbers than the population as whole. b. voted heavily Democratic. c. voted heavily Republican. d. voted heavily Independent. e. made little difference to the outcome of the election.

e. made little difference to the outcome of the election.

One way that blacks were prevented from voting prior to passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was by requiring them to a. sign a grandfather clause. b. register six months in advance of an election. c. become U.S. citizens. d. memorize the Bill of Rights. e. pass a literacy test.

e. pass a literacy test

In the nineteenth century, voting ballots were printed by a. the government. b. Congress c. the courts. d. state legislatures. e. political parties.

e. political parties

Which of the following was required by the U.S. Constitution? a. free adult male suffrage b. popularly elected presidential electors c. nonpartisan election commissions d. popularly elected Senators e. popularly elected House members

e. popularly elected House members

In the twentieth century, legal impediments used in the South to prevent blacks from voting were a. increased as time went on. b. upheld by the Supreme Court. c. swept away by the Civil Rights Act of 1965. d. kept in some states and dropped in others. e. removed one by one.

e. removed one by one

If a researcher insists on using VEP statistics in a study of vote turnout, as opposed to VAP statistics, he/she is probably concerned about a. creating a balance between males and females in the data. b. removing political party bias. c. generating a more accurate estimate of the number of female voters. d. having a more reliable estimate of the number of voters across time. e. removing individuals from the data who are actually ineligible to vote.

e. removing individuals from the data who are actually ineligible to vote

Most states that initiated same-day voter registration witnessed on election day a. a continuing voter turnout decline. b. a major increase in voter turnout. c. no change at all in voter turnout. d. a major increase in turnout of Democratic voters. e. slight improvements in voter turnout.

e. slight improvements in voter turnout.

Blacks first voted in large numbers in the South a. in the 1970s. b. after the Voting Rights Act of 1965. c. after World War II. d. early in the twentieth century. e. soon after the Civil War.

e. soon after the Civil War

The phenomenon of vote fraud has led some scholars to conclude that a. confidence in government has undergone a genuine decline in this century. b. confidence in government has undergone only an apparent decline. c. voter turnout has increased dramatically. d. voter turnout has declined. e. the decline in voter turnout in the twentieth century has been apparent, not real.

e. the decline in voter turnout in the twentieth century has been apparent, not real.

Scholars who see a genuine voting decline from the nineteenth to the twentieth centuries attribute it largely to the fact that a. individuals pay less attention to politics. b. interest groups make partisanship irrelevant. c. nonelected officials control policy making. d. political leaders pay too much attention to polls. e. the major parties have become more honest.

e. the major parties have become more honest.

One cause of the decline in voter turnout may be the increasingly distant and bureaucratic image of a. most candidates for office. b. most interest groups. c. state officeholders. d. local office holders. e. the major political parties.

e. the major political parties.

Direct election of members of the House of Representatives was required by a. a Supreme Court ruling. b. decisions of the individual states. c. an amendment to the U.S. Constitution. d. an Executive order. e. the original U.S. Constitution.

e. the original U.S. Constitution.

Low voter turnout in the United States can best be explained by a. voter apathy. b. the media, especially television. c. the political party system. d. the media, especially big city newspapers. e. the voter registration system.

e. the voter registration system

One argument against compulsory voting in this country is a. the expense involved. b. the variation in enforcement from state to state. c. its vulnerability to vote fraud. d. the impossibility of implementing it. e. voter objections to identification papers.

e. voter objections to identification papers.

The most common form of political participation, excluding voting in presidential elections, is a. becoming a member of a political party. b. contributing money to an election. c. actively working for a party. d. attending political rallies. e. voting in local elections.

e. voting in local elections

Which of Verba and Nie's participation groups tends to be older and less educated than the others? a. inactives b. campaigners c. communalists d. parochial participants e. voting specialists

e. voting specialists

Since 1970, federal law has prohibited states from having residency requirements longer than ___ days for presidential elections. a. 10 b. 15 c. 30 d. 60 e. 100

C. 30

The motor-voter law took effect in a. 1980. b. 1985. c. 1990. d. 1995. e. 2000.

D. 1995