ap questions unit 2

Brown's contention that he didn't want to start an insurrection can be refuted in that A. his whole goal in life was to end slavery. B. he went to several plantations in Virginia to free slaves. C. he had no intentions of taking arms at Harper's Ferry. D. he was falsely accused of murdering slaveholders in Kansas.

A Brown's obvious goal was to rid the South of slavery.

The ultimate and realistic place where runaway slaves could escape without the fear of being recaptured proved to be A. in Canada. B. in Massachusetts. C. in Africa. D. in Spanish Florida.

A Canada was out of the jurisdiction of slave-catchers.

According to John Marshall, the Bank of the United States A. is a part of the states that allow it to exist. B. is an institution that that should be destroyed. C. is a part of the supreme law of the land. D. is a private entity that is subject to taxation.

A Constitutional laws control the states and cannot be controlled by the states.

The reference that Corwin makes to the "Bunker Hills, Saratogas, and Yorktowns" indicates A. that Mexico fought bravely for its independence and the U.S. should respect its sovereignty. B. Mexico had been oppressive to the people of Texas. C. the Americans in Texas fought bravely for their independence. D. the United States is obligated to spread the virtues of independence.

A Corwin points out that Mexico had fought Spain for its independence.

Due to the persecution of the Mormons, their final destination of settlement A. ended in Utah. B. ended in New York. C. ended in Illinois. D. ended in California.

A Led by Brigham Young, the Mormons migrated to Utah in the 1840s.

In preparing his speech, Lincoln A. was determined to stop slavery from spreading. B. was determined to eradicate slavery in the South. C. conceded that slavery would spread to the new territories. D. conceded that slavery would bleed into other surrounding countries.

A Lincoln utilized the Republican platform in writing his speech.

The prisons that emerged in the 1830s and 1840s saw A. prisoners who had access to dining quarters, workshops, and a chapel. B. solitary confinement leading to obedience rather than insanity. C. punishment becoming more cruel and inhumane. D. the reformers giving up their efforts to rehabilitate prisoners.

A Prisons began to move away from being places of just punishment.

Based on the fact that the accusers were foreign and couldn't speak English, what can one infer about the executioners? A. They were motivated by racism. B. They were fair and just. C. They were concerned with constitutional law. D. They were unbiased and impartial.

A Racism was high in the gold rush camps.

According to Clay, opponents of his system didn't really want free trade, they wanted A. higher tariffs than those that existed. B. higher export duties than those that existed. C. a British colonial system reemerging in the U.S. D. higher internal taxes on manufactured goods.

A Residents who lived near the canal knew the impact such a form of transportation would have.

Slaveholders portrayed the institution of slavery to be benevolent A. in order to counter the criticism of the abolitionists. B. to suppress the guilt of two centuries of southern slavery. C. to convince their slaves that freedom was not beneficial for them. D. to quiet the voices of free southern blacks.

A Slaveholders felt the pressure to answer the attacks on slavery by abolitionists.

Brown's willingness to forfeit his life to end slavery A. terrified slaveholders throughout the South. B. was mocked by people in the North. C. had no effect in either the North or South. D. did not make him a martyr.

A Slaveholders were convinced that there were other radical abolitionists ready to attack the South.

Null and void refers to A. the imposing of duties on imports that South Carolina refused to implement. B. the imposing of duties on exports that South Carolina refused to implement. C. the acts that South Carolina deemed to be Constitutional and thus obeyed. D. the necessary revenue that Congress could obtain from South Carolina.

A South Carolina refused to implement taxes on manufactured imports.

The Seneca Falls Convention focused on A. women's rights. B. issues and concerns of the Iroquois. C. abolitionism. D. secession from the Union.

A The Seneca Falls Convention would be the beginning of the women's civil rights movement.

The whites in the picture represented A. conductors on the Underground Railroad. B. slave owners. C. professional slave catchers. D. southern church members.

A Those who assisted runaway slaves travelling along the Underground Railroad came to be known as conductors.

The African Americans in the picture represented A. runaway slaves. B. free blacks. C. abolitionists. D. revolting slaves.

A Thousands of African Americans escaped to the North via the Underground Railroad.

According to Horace Mann, the most effective republics are those that A. have strong leaders with the support of the people. B. have an educated constituency that understand the functions of government. C. have an educated leadership. D. have strong leaders with an obedient uneducated constituency.

B According to Mann, an educated public is the key to a successful government.

The lack of due process in these executions indicated that A. boomtowns were stable. B. boomtowns were unstable and violent. C. boomtowns promoted the 6th Amendment. D. boomtowns were benevolent.

B Boomtowns were very volatile and lawless.

The free trade that Henry Clay speaks of comes in direct opposition to A. an embargo established by John Quincy Adams. B. a restriction of enumerated goods that could be sent of England. C. a tariff inherent in the American System. D. a restriction of goods imported by England.

B Clay believed that free trade was never reciprocal.

Based on Dana's description of the Californians, why would Americans from Boston want to journey thousands of miles to trade in this region? A. to vacation in this sunny region B. to profit greatly by trading manufactured goods C. to witness an egalitarian society D. to bring back to Boston finished leather products

B Dana explains that Californians were willing to pay high prices for manufactured goods.

An anguishing feature of slavery that Stowe points out in the passage was that A. Slaves were often whipped. B. Slave drivers had to inflict punishment on fellow slaves. C. Slaves had no control over their spiritual fate. D. Some slaves were freed but family members were not.

B Drivers had the unbearable dilemma of flogging fellow slaves.

The Erie Canal was funded by A. the federal government. B. investors from England. C. the state of New York. D. cotton investors from the South.

B Each canal-side village would benefit greatly by the commerce of the canal

The celebration of the Erie Canal at each village indicated A. the growth of the canal system throughout the United States. B. prosperity the canal would bring to each canal-side village. C. the willingness of the federal government to fund internal improvements. D. the re-election of Governor Clinton.

B Each canal-side village would benefit greatly by the commerce of the canal

According to the declaration, a woman becomes civilly dead when A. she remains single. B. she gets married. C. she inherits property. D. she is born.

B Getting married would forfeit rights such as inheritance for women.

Hawthorne describes Brook Farm as being A. a farm with clear signs of intruding urbanism. B. very secluded with many trees. C. secluded but crowded. D. polluted with lumbering activities.

B Hawthorne described the farm as beautiful, secluded and miles from any city or village.

Lincoln thought that slavery would A. live forever. B. die out. C. be mixed with immigrant labor in the south. D. mix with immigrant labor in the new territories.

B Lincoln believed that within the south, eventually slavery would become extinct.

Mr. Auld didn't want Frederick Douglass to learn how to read for all of the following reasons EXCEPT A. he would be unmanageable. B. he would learn how to become a better slave. C. he would become discontented and unhappy. D. he would be unfit to be a slave.

B Reading knowledge would not produce obedient slaves.

Prisons during the Age of Reform A. aimed at harsh punishment. B. looked to change the behavior of the prisoner. C. looked to use prisoners as slave labor. D. aimed to scare potential prisoners away.

B Reformers stressed the importance of rehabilitation of the prisoner.

Robert Fulton's steamboat, The Clermont, represented in America A. the commitment to subsistence farming. B. the emergence of a national economy. C. the end of canal transportation. D. one-way only travelling and shipping.

B Since boats could not go upstream, they were broken apart for lumber.

The acts that the state of South Carolina protested dealt with A. the expansion of slavery. B. tariffs on manufactured goods. C. fugitive slave laws. D. internal taxes.

B Tariffs hurt Southerners because they relied on imported manufactured goods.

The Crittenden Compromise called for a. California to be a free state b. Extending the Missouri Compromise to the Pacific Ocean c. Annexing Cuba to make it a slave state d. Popular sovereignty in New Mexico and Utah

B The Crittenden Compromise attempted to reestablish the 36 30 line but all the way to the West.

The Shakers believed that the only way to live a godly life A. was to have monogamous marital relationships that produced children. B. was to live a life of celibacy. C. was to live in communes that contained polygamous relationships. D. was to live in isolation from all people.

B The Shakers believed that abstinence from sex prevented sin.

A central deprivation that women faced when the Seneca Falls Convention was held proved to be A. a lack of moral influence within the family home. B. the lack of enfranchisement. C. a lack of religious inspiration. D. a lack of any type of employment.

B The right to female suffrage became a main issue of the convention.

Henry Clay's American System consisted of all of the following EXCEPT A. high protective tariffs. B. using federal funds to build canals. C. using federal funds to build roads. D. elimination of the national bank.

B The steamboat contributed to expanded markets.

According to Corwin, war with Mexico would amount to A. economic prosperity. B. treason against the United States. C. the ideals of Manifest Destiny coming into fruition. D. new territories for peaceful American settlement.

B War with Mexico would lead the U.S. to fight a war with itself.

Through his support of public education Mann implies that A. a knowledgeable but dangerous society can be formed. B. an ungovernable constituency will be formed. C. a righteous and law-abiding society can develop. D. there will still be inevitable evil and deceit in society.

C According to Mann, education can create a law-abiding society.

In the Dred Scott case, the Supreme Court ruled A. that Dred Scott would be free. B. Scott had lived in a free territory. C. the Missouri Compromise to be unconstitutional. D. slaves were not considered to be property.

C Because of the 5th Amendment, the Supreme Court argued that the 36 30 line of the Missouri Compromise could not deprive a slaveholder from owning their property.

According to John Brown in his letter, the Bible justified his actions since A. he felt instructed to treat slave holders with an eye for an eye. B. he believed the notion of obey your master was wrongfully used by slave holders. C. he felt instructed to bound with the slaves. D. he wasn't working for men but for the Lord.

C Brown cites "Remember them that are in bonds, as bound with them."

Polk helped to provoke war with Mexico by A. giving impassioned speeches that glorified Manifest Destiny. B. convincing Americans that the gold in California was worth going to war. C. sending General Zachary Taylor to the northern edge of the Rio Grande. D. sending Winfield Scott to capture Veracruz.

C By approaching the Rio Grande, Mexican forces believed that Taylor had invaded their territory.

According to John Marshall, constitutional laws A. control the states. B. control only federal actions. C. exist to exclusively check the power of the national government. D. can be nullified by the states.

C Clay advocated tariffs to protect America's infant industries.

According to Clay, free trade cannot exist because A. the U.S. would be an unwilling participant. B. a foreign country would not reciprocate. C. duties are unnatural to countries. D. England was at war with the U.S. at that time.

C Clay believed that free trade would turn the US once again into a British colony.

The most common route used by gold rushers to get to California was A. traveling by ship around South America to San Francisco. B. hiking across Nicaragua and then traveling by ship to San Francisco. C. by traveling overland across the continent. D. utilizing the nation's first transcontinental railroad to Sacramento.

C Despite the treacherous journey, most gold rushers travelled overland to California.

Dorothea Dix is most noted for her efforts to A. improve the prison system and its use of solitary confinement. B. advocate the use of common ground areas for prisoners. C. create a system of state hospitals for the insane. D. push for a stronger form of discipline and punishment in the asylums.

C Dix looked to separate the mentally ill from hardened criminals.

With no teacher, how might a slave such as Douglass learn how to read? A. from other illiterate slaves B. by sneaking into the schoolhouse C. from other white children D. from the master's Sunday church service

C Douglass gave food he stole from his master to white children in return for reading lessons.

According to Fitzhugh, northern industrialists were cruel in that they didn't a. offer immigrant workers any wages for their labor. b. provide steady work. c. take care of the children and elderly parents of the workers. d. feed their workers an adequate lunch.

C Fitzhugh pointed out that Northern industrialist had no concern for their workers or their families.

Hawthorne's letter to his fiancé describes A. a pure idle life on an isolated farm. B. a life of pure leisure. C. a busy life of farm work when weather permits. D. a life conducive to only to writing.

C Hawthorne found farm life to be a lot of work.

The Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions argued that women did not have professions in theology, medicine, and law because A. they lacked the motivation. B. they lacked the interest. C. they lacked the educational opportunity. D. they simply chose not to enter those fields.

C Higher education for professional careers was exclusively for males at this time.

Douglass implied that white man's power to enslave the black man lay in A. the use of brute force. B. establishing an elaborate patrol system. C. keeping the slaves ignorant. D. teaching the concept of biblical obedience.

C Ignorance was the key to keeping slaves from questioning their position in life.

Why did Tom's owner, Legree, believe that Tom should flog the slave girl? A. She did something terrible. B. She committed a sin. C. Because Tom was his slave. D. As a demotion, Tom had to engage in this act.

C Legree believed that Tom should do anything he demanded, even flog a slave girl.

In regards to the United States, Lincoln a. saw a great Civil War on the horizon b. saw the breakup of the nation c. saw the nation remaining intact d. saw a division in the nation's structure

C Lincoln didn't expect the nation to split into two nations.

Before the introduction of the steamboat, boats on the Mississippi River A. relied on sails. B. had to sold for lumber in New Orleans. C. went both directions with strong horses. D. were actually faster than the heavier steamboats.

C Marshall reasserts Hamilton's elastic clause to defend the Bank.

Why was Scott relieved of his commanding duties not long after this impressive victory? A. Scott led unnecessary executions of Mexican leaders. B. Scott threatened a coup d'etat. C. Polk feared the potential political ambition of Scott. D. Too many American lives were lost with this victory

C Polk believed that a popular war hero would seek political office.

The reforms in the prison system during the Age of Reform A. saw solitary cells where prisoners had no contact with each other. B. saw cells that were shared by 2-3 cellmates. C. saw solitary cells with common areas for prisoner interaction. D. saw no cells but large holding rooms.

C Prisons had common areas but solitary cells.

The act that South Carolina committed came to be known as A. the South Carolina Resolutions. B. secession. C. Nullification. D. the Force Bill.

C South Carolina regarded the Tariff of Abominations as null and void.

In order to justify the constitutional existence of the Bank of the United States, Chief Justice John Marshall cites A. the existence of expressed powers. B. the existence of implied powers. C. the principles of strict constructionism. D. the doctrine of the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions.

C The Bank was made in pursuance of the constitution and therefore supreme.

The description of the Erie Canal's beginnings A. showed the anticipation of a significant connection. B. marked the beginning of similar federal projects. C. gave praise to the efforts of James Monroe. D. marked the beginning of the railroad industry.

C The Erie Canal would be funded exclusively by the state of New York.

In the political cartoon, the author of the Fugitive Slave Act, Henry Clay (with cane appears A. concerned about the plight of the runaway slave. B. regretful that he created the Fugitive Slave Act. C. indifferent to the struggles of the fugitive slaves. D. to be making a deal to end slavery.

C The admission of the Fugitive Slave Act within the Compromise of 1850 turned the compromise into a slave-hunting expedition.

Hawthorne described the occupants of Brook Farm as A. inhabitants who never interacted with each other. B. brainwashed transcendentalists. C. as a whole fraternity. D. lazy, idle, and isolated.

C The people at Brook Farm are described as a whole fraternity that eats together.

According to Dana, the most fortunate in California were A. those who had struck gold. B. the innocent aborigines. C. those with the most Spanish blood. D. those that had a mixture of Spanish and Indian blood.

C Those with the most Spanish blood received the most favoritism in California society.

Since this town had no official court system or police force, how can one term the punishment process as described by Edward Gould Buffem? A. a legal process. B. a lawful process. C. a process of vigilantism. D. a process guided by logic.

C Townspeople often took the law into their own hands.

Harriet Tubman found success in freeing slaves because A. she was very wealthy and could afford the costs of escape. B. she was a white abolitionist who nobody suspected of freeing slaves. C. she received the support of northern abolitionists. D. she paid off slave owners to let their slaves go.

C Tubman received assistance from those who wanted to rid America of slavery.

What was the significance of Scott's capturing of Mexico City? A. It led to permanent U.S. occupancy. B. The U.S. controlled its customs duties for decades. C. It essentially ended the war between the U.S. and Mexico. D. It proved to be the catalyst for another war between the countries.

C With the Mexican capital being captured, the war was essentially over.

Why did Americans who moved to California convert to Catholicism? A. They were influenced by the Second Great Awakening to embrace a new religion. B. They grew tired of Protestantism. C. They wanted to experience the rituals of the Catholic Church. D. Spain was a Catholic nation.

D California was controlled by the Catholic country of Spain.

According to Mann, the difference between European theory and Massachusetts theory was A. that Europe had more social mobility. B. that Europe had a better public school system. C. that Massachusetts bred social inequity. D. that Massachusetts offered a better chance at equality.

D Class division was more pronounced in Europe than in Massachusetts.

According to Fitzhugh, like children and women, negroes require a. an education to be responsible. b. role models to learn from. c. biblical guidance for leadership. d. masters to protect and govern.

D Fitzhugh uses the notion of paternalism to justify slavery.

The runaway slave is being held back by southerners. To deal with runaway slaves, the Fugitive Slave Act established all of the following EXCEPT A. a federal force of agents to capture fugitive slaves. B. heavy fines for those assisting fugitives. C. prison time for those assisting fugitives. D. assurance that free blacks would not be harassed.

D Free blacks were sometimes captured and sold into slavery.

Whereas the Democrats were divided during the Election of 1860, the Republicans ran A. Stephen Douglas. B. Jefferson Davis. C. James Buchanan. D. Abraham Lincoln.

D Lincoln had a solid Republican base behind him.

The completion of the U.S. conquest of California came A. during the Bear Flag Revolt. B. when General Mariano Vallejo was arrested. C. when the U.S. Navy sailed into Monterey Bay. D. when Californio defender, Andres Pico, negotiated for an honorable surrender.

D Pico's surrender in Los Angeles completed the U.S. conquest of California.

Harriet Tubman found success in freeing slaves because A. she was very wealthy and could afford the costs of escape. B. she was a white abolitionist who nobody suspected of freeing slaves. C. she received the support of northern abolitionists. D. she paid off slave owners to let their slaves go.

D The Constitution acknowledged the existence of slavery and had no mandate to abolish it.

In terms of the economy, Republicans and Democrats differed over A. internal taxes. B. taxes on personal incomes. C. export duties. D. protective tariffs.

D The North benefited from protective tariffs; the South did not.

What did Corwin correctly predict would occur if the U.S. went to war with Mexico? A. that the U.S. would become a world empire. B. that the economic prosperity of the U.S. would flourish. C. that the virtues of democratic government would spread to Mexico. D. that a war between the North and South would erupt.

D The acquisition of Mexican territory served as a catalyst to North-South conflict.

Despite being mauled by his master, why was Tom still joyful? A. He knew was running away. B. He knew he would get his revenge on his master. C. He knew that he was too valuable to kill. D. He knew his master couldn't take his soul.

D Tom's soul was his to keep and he knew it.