ATI: Endocrine

Graves disease symptoms

symptoms include anxiety, hand tremor, heat sensitivity, weight loss, puffy eyes (Grave's ophthalmopathy) and enlarged thyroid.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus about the pathophysiology of the disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"My cells are resistant to the effects of insulin."•

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about exercise. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Wear a medical alert identification tag when you exercise."•

A nurse is caring for a client who had a thyroidectomy to treat hyperthyroidism caused by an adenoma. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? (Select all that apply.)

1) Tachycardia and hypertension 2) Laryngeal stridor and hoarseness 3) A Positive Trousseau's sign (which is an indication of hypocalcemia.)

A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has Cushing's syndrome due to chronic corticosteroid use. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Check the client for hypertension, which can indicate fluid volume overload.

A nurse is checking laboratory values to determine if a client who has diabetes mellitus is adhering to the treatment plan. Which of the following tests should the nurse use to make this determination?

Checking glycosylated hemoglobin levels, or HbA1c, is an accurate method to determine if the client is routinely compliant.

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a bilateral adrenalectomy. The nurse should expect to administer glucocorticoids following the procedure to enhance which of the following therapeutic effects?

Compensate for decrease in cortisol levels.

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has Graves' disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect the client to display?

Difficulty sleeping

A nurse is checking a client who has Graves' disease for the development of thyroid storm. The nurse should report which of the following ndings to the provider?

Fever

A nurse is preparing a 24-hour urine specimen for a client who is suspected to have pheochromocytoma. Which of the following laboratory tests from the 24-hour urine specimen should the nurse use to determine the client's condition?

Catecholamine metabolites

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has Addison's disease about healthy snack foods. Which of the following food choices by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A turkey and cheese sandwich is high in protein, carbohydrates, and sodium. (The client who has Addison's disease requires a diet low in potassium and high in sodium, carbohydrates, and protein.)

The nurse should expect that which of the following laboratory values is consistent with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome?

Blood glucose 320 mg/dL (A blood glucose level greater than 250 mg/dL, which will cause spilling of ketones in the urine and development of metabolic acidosis.)

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a parathyroidectomy to treat hyperparathyroidism. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse expect to decrease as a therapeutic eect of the procedure?

Calcium

The parathyroid hormone regulates, what?

Calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium balance within the client's blood and bone by maintaining a balance between the mineral levels in the blood and the bone.

Glycosylated hemoglobin refers to?

Hemoglobin that is connected to glucose. Since the life span of an RBC is 4 months, this value will not be affected by recent changes in the client's diet or medication.

Hyperparathyroidism is associated with?

Hypercalcemia; therefore, a decrease in the calcium level indicates an improvement in the client's condition.

A nurse is monitoring a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hyponatremia, (caused by the excessive release of an antidiuretic hormone (ADH).)

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has manifestations of acromegaly. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Increased head size

A nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and is displaying manifestations of hyperglycemia. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client has hyperglycemia?

Increased urination, or polyuria, is a manifestation of hyperglycemia due to a deciency of insulin, which can lead to osmotic diuresis.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about hypoglycemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?

Irritability, ( an early manifestation of hypoglycemia.)

What is the Somogyi effect?

It is a swing of a high blood glucose level in the morning, after an extremely low blood glucose level during the night. The swing is caused by the release of stress hormones to counter low glucose levels.

What is Pheochromocytoma?

It is a tumor of the adrenal gland that causes excess release of the catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine), which are hormones that regulate blood pressure and heart rate.

A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a community health screening for a group of clients who are at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following clients should the nurse include in the screening?

Men & women who are obese.

A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who is experiencing the Somogyi effect and takes intermittent-acting insulin. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?

Monitor the client's nighttime blood glucose levels.

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus. For which of the following findings should the nurse monitor?

Polyuria, (Diabetes insipidus is characterized by increased thirst (polydipsia) and increased urination (polyuria))

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following skin manifestations should the nurse expect to find?

Purple striae (streaks or stripes) on the chest and abdomen because cortisol destroys collagen under the skin.

Thyroid storm

a relatively rare, life-threatening condition caused by exaggerated hyperthyroidism.

Grave's Disease/ hyperthyroidism

an autoimmune disorder characterized by the excessive production of thyroid hormones. Thyroid Storm.