BIO 132 - Final

During the second trimester, a normal weight mother will gain how much weight?

1 pound per week

A toddler is a child between the ages of ________.

1-3

During the first trimester, a normal weight mother will gain how much weight

1.0 - 4.5 pounds total (?)f

It is best to avoid serving cow's milk until the infant reaches the age of ________.

12 Months

What is the EAR for energy in older adult females?

1600 g/day

Body length increases by ________ inches per year in school-age children.

2-3

Before you prepare food or after you use the bathroom, wash your hands with hot soapy water for at least ________ seconds to cleanse them thoroughly.

20

What is the EAR for energy in older adult males?

2000 g/day?

Lisa is a healthy young woman whose energy requirement is 2250 kcal/day. Based on this information, what would be her daily energy requirement during her first trimester of pregnancy?

2250 Kcal

Which of the following statements is true?

A centenarian is a person who has lived for 100 years or more

Which of the following statements is true?

A food's odor or appearance is not a reliable indicator of whether it is safe to eat.

Except for pregnancy and lactation, the total quantities of nutrients and calories needed during ________ are greater than any other stage of the life cycle.

Adolescence

Which infants have special vitamin needs?

All of these choices are accurate.

What factor(s) contributes to childhood obesity?

All of these choices are correct.

Which of the following substances is in breast milk but not in infant formulas

Antibodies

Which of the following food preservation methods involves sterilizing a food and its package separately?

Aseptic processing

Elena recently found out that she is pregnant and wants to know if she can continue her regular daily physical activity routine. Which of the following recommendations might you make to Elena in terms of physical activity during pregnancy?

Avoid maximal load strength training

This is a nutrient of importance, but the RDA does not go up, as the body increases the absorption of this nutrient.

Calcium

Which of the following minerals is often lacking in the diets of older adults?

Calcium

Which of the following foods would be most appropriate to include in an emergency food supply?

Canned tuna

Which of the following is not a typical sign or symptom of food-borne illness?

Chest pain

Infants should not be fed honey because it can contain ________.

Clostridium botulinum spores

The point at which a woman's egg is fertilized by a sperm and pregnancy begins is known as _______.

Conception

What is the recommended treatment for childhood obesity?

Decrease intake of high-fat, high-energy foods. Increase physical activity. Modify problem behaviors, such as snacking while watching TV. All of these choices are correct.

The signs and symptoms of most food-borne illnesses generally occur in the ________ system.

Digestive tract

Forty-year old-Mateo has a family history of Alzheimer's disease. What recommendations do you have for Mateo to reduce his risk for Alzheimer's disease?

Engage in regular physical activity Continue learning and reading Consume foods that are rich in omega-3 fatty acids All of these choices are correct

Growth plates at the end of long bones are called ________.

Epiphyses

To keep gestational diabetes under control, recommendations for pregnant women include ________.

Exercise

________ is a direct (intentional) food additive.

FD&C Red No. 40

Which of the following would you recommend to a friend that is having difficulties breastfeeding her baby?

Find a relaxing environment to breastfeed your baby.

During which trimester is the most critical time for development?

First

Which of the following pesticides controls the spread of molds that damage crops?

Fungicide

The medical specialty that focuses on the healthcare needs of older adults is called _______.

Geriatrics

Which form of arthritis involves the build up of uric acid crystals?

Gout

________ is a physiological change associated with aging.

Hardening of arteries

This virus takes the longest incubation time for onset of symptoms.

Hepatitis A virus

Which of the following pesticides kills weeds?

Herbicide

The following substances were detected in a can of food. Which of the substances is an unintentional food additive?

High-fructose corn syrup

Which of the following statements about infertility is FALSE?

In about 37 percent of couples, infertility is attributable to female factors.

Which of the following statements is true?

In the United States, life expectancy is about 79 years.

The first solid food usually introduced to the infant's diet is ________.

Iron-fortified cereals

is the average length of time a person born in a specific year can expect to live.

Life expectancy

The bacteria most commonly associated with unpasteurized milk and cheeses

Listeria monocytogenes

A major nutrition-related concern of adolescent females is ________ intake.

Low Iron

During her 6th month of pregnancy, Miranda was diagnosed with preeclampsia. As a result of this condition, Miranda has a higher risk of giving birth to a ________ infant than a pregnant woman who does not experience hypertension.

Low birth-weight

________ is a common nutrition-related sign of pregnancy that occurs in many healthy pregnant women.

Morning sickness

Which of the following animals is an example of a vermin?

Mouse

Pregnant women are advised to drink ________.

No alcohol Limit Coffee Extra Water

Shakena is a 7-year-old girl whose BMI-for-age is in the 86th percentile. According to this information, Shakena's weight is ________.

Overweight

As a person ages their risk of ________ increases. This condition results in loss of muscle function, shaking, stiffness, and poor balance.

Parkinson's disease

Adolescence is considered what?

Period of time that begins at puberty and ends at adulthood

Human milk naturally contains fewer ________ per ounce than formula.

Protein

WIC aims to ________.

Reduce incidence of low birth weight Reduce incidence of fetal death Improve growth and intellectual development All of these choices are accurate

is a normal physiological change associated with aging

Reduced estrogen production

The hormone oxytocin ________.

Regulates uterine contractions during pregnancy and breast-feeding

According to scientific research involving animals, ________ may extend one's life.

Restricting energy intake

Bernard is 83 years of age. His ________ is likely to have a negative influence on his nutritional status.

Social isolation

In the United States, the diets of many toddler and preschool-age children supply too much ________.

Sodium

After Ariel gave birth to a healthy baby boy, the physician immediately placed the baby next to Ariel's breast so the infant could begin breastfeeding. This practice ________.

Stimulates Ariel's uterus to contract, reducing her risk to bleed excessively

Margaret is 87 years of age. Compared to when she was 27 years of age, her ________ now.

Stomach secretes less intrinsic factor

When serving a food for the first time to an infant, ________.

The food should be a single-ingredient (not mixed) food item Wait several days before serving another new food Expect the baby to eat only a few bites All of these responses are correct

Which of the following statements is true regarding school-age children and breakfast?

Those that ate a complete breakfast showed improved comprehension Those that ate a complete breakfast showed improved concentration and alertness Those that ate a complete breakfast showed improved memory and learning All these are associated with eating a complete breakfast

________ is a foodborne roundworm that cause parasitic infections from infected pork.

Trichinella spiralis

Which of the following nutrients can cause birth defects in the fetus when taken in large amounts during the first trimester?

Vitamin A

Which of the following vitamins is often lacking in the diets of older adults?

Vitamin B12

Which of the following vitamins is often lacking in the diets of older adults, especially elderly women?

Vitamin D

On average, a full-term infant at birth ________.

Weighs 7 to 8 pounds and is about 20 inches long

Anna would like to offer a high-fiber, nutrient-dense snack to her healthy 4-year-old son. Based on this information, she should serve

a small unpeeled apple that has been cut into wedges

Age-related dementia includes

all of these are correct

Maternal anemia occurs when a pregnant woman has a hematocrit

below 33% (?)

The fetus accumulates most of its body fat and mineral stores

during the third trimester

To avoid possible exposure to mercury, pregnant women should avoid what food?

fish

Which food on this list is NOT appropriate for an infant less than one year old?

honey

Your brother and his wife have been trying to conceive for the past several months, but the wife is not yet pregnant. To increase her chances of conception, which of the following dietary recommendations would you make?

increase intake of vegetables

Clint is 82 years of age. Compared to when he was 27 years of age, his ________ now

kidney cells don't function as well

The primary carbohydrate in the diet of most infants is

lactose

According to the programmed theory of aging

organs simply wear out with use and abuse

Human milk naturally contains contains less ________ per ounce than formula.

protein

The declining organ functioning and the increase vulnerability to diseases is known as

senescence

In the United States, the diets of many school-age children supply too much

sodium

Reduced ________ is a normal physiological change associated with aging

thirst sensation

An increased requirement for ________ during pregnancy is due to its role with proper eye development.

vitamin A

Infants ________ have a higher risk of obesity during childhood

whose mothers are obese

During the second trimester, a pregnant woman needs an average of an additional ________ kcal per day.

340

A low birth weight infant weighs less than _______ pounds at birth.

5.5

high birth weight infant weighs more than _______ pounds at birth

8.8

Which of the following statements is true regarding shool-age children and breakfast

All of these are associated with eating a complete breakfast

A maternal practice that can be harmful to the fetus is ________.

All of these choices are accurate

Which food-related behaviors can negatively affect the quality of adolescents' diets?

All of these choices are correct

This chemical is used in food packaging but their are concerns that it can have an effect on the brains and behavior of children, infants.

BPA

When planning for a pregnancy, which of the following lifestyle choices can increase the chances of a healthy pregnancy?

Exercising regularly Consuming a nutritionally adequate diet Having a healthy body composition All of these choices are correct

Nyala is 20 weeks pregnant and has read online about the potential benefits of taking a particular over-the-counter medication to help with management of some of the symptoms she has been experiencing during her pregnancy. Which of the following statements about medication use during pregnancy is FALSE?

Most medications have been tested in pregnant women and have been deemed safe by the FDA

Which cereal is least likely to cause allergies in infants?

Rice

is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength combined with an increase in body fat

Sarcopenia

Which of the following factors has a positive effect on a school-age child's diet?

Seeing their parent's eating a nutritious, balanced diet

The milk produced first during a feeding is called _____ and is rich in ____

foremilk, fat

Mario is a 7-year-old boy whose BMI-for-age is in the 75th percentile. According to this information, Mario's weight is

healthy for his age

Bernice is 91 years of age. Her ________ is likely to have a negative influence on her nutritional status.

low annual income

To help children develop good nutritional habits

let children make some choices about the food they eat

Human milk is naturally a rich source of

lipids