Bio chapter 4 Questions
What is cellular respiration?
A process that converts chemical energy of sugar and other food molecules to the chemical energy of ATP.
Which structure includes all others in the list: rough ER, smooth ER, endomembrane system, nuclear envelope?
Endomembrane system.
How is a lysosome like a recycling center?
It breaks down damaged organelles and recycles their molecules.
What role do ribosomes play in carrying out the genetic instructions of a cell?
Ribosomes synthesize proteins according to the instructions of messenger RNA, which was transcribed from the DNA in the nucleus.
Explain why we say that the endoplasmic reticulum is a biosynthetic workshop.
The ER produces a huge variety of molecules, including phospholipids for cell membranes, steroid hormones, and proteins (synthesized by bound ribosomes) for membranes, other organelles, and secretion by the cell.
What is the relationship of the Golgi apparatus to the ER in a protein-secreting cell?
The Golgi receives transport vesicles budding from the ER that contain proteins synthesized by bound ribosomes. The Golgi finishes processing the proteins and dispatching transport vesicles to the plasma membrane, where the the proteins are secreted.
Which membrane in a chloroplast appears to be the most extensive? Why might this be so?
The thylakoid membranes contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis.
How do transport vesicles help tie together the endomembrane system?
Transport vesicles move membranes and the substances they enclose between components of the endomembrane system.
Is a food vacuole part of the endomembrane system? Explain
Yes, it forms by pinching in from the plasma membrane, which is part of the endomembrane system..
