Ch 4 Anatomy of the Hand and Wrist
how do we radiograph the thumb?
because the first metacarpal is considered part of the thumb, it must be included in the radiograph; from the distal phalanx to the base of the first metacarpal
proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP)
between proximal and middle phalanges
WHICH CARPAL DOES THIS METACARPAL ARTICULATE WITH? third metacarpal
capitate
what is the largest carpal bone?
capitate
what are the third and most proximal bones of the hand/wrist?
carpals
what do we call each finger/thumb?
digits
digit 2
index finger
what are the most distal bones of the hand?
phalanges
what is the singular term of phalanges?
phalanx
digit 1
thumb
what phalanges are on digit 1?
1. proximal 2. distal
what carpal bones are included in the proximal row?
- scaphoid - lunate - triquetrum - pisiform
what carpal bones are included in the distal row?
- trapezium - trapezoid - capitate - hamate
metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP)
connects metacarpals to the proximal phalanges; list digit # before naming joint
what are the four main groups of bones in the upper limb?
1. hand and wrist* 2. forearm* 3. arm (humerus) 4. shoulder girdle
what parts make up the metacarpal?
1. head (distal end) 2. body 3. base (proximal end, articulates with carpals)
what are the parts of each phalanx?
1. head (distal) 2. body (shaft) 3. base (proximal)
what are the names of the phalanges?
1. proximal (nearest to wrist) 2. middle 3. distal (farthest from wrist)
how are metacarpals numbered?
1. thumb area- metacarpal 1 2. index finger area- metacarpal 2 3. middle finger area- metacarpal 3 4. ring finger area- metacarpal 4 5. pinky finger area- metacarpal 5
how many bones do your phalanges (fingers and thumb) have?
14
how many phalanges does digit 1 have?
2
how many total bones are in your hand and wrist?
27
how many joints do the phalanges of digits 2-5 have?
3
how many phalanges are the digits 2-5 composed of?
3
how many bones do metacarpals (palm) have?
5
how many metacarpals are there?
5
how many bones do carpals (wrist) have?
8
break card
:)
carpometacarpal joint (CMC)
between the distal row of carpal bones and the metacarpal bones
WHICH CARPAL DOES THIS METACARPAL ARTICULATE WITH? fifth metacarpal
hamate
WHICH CARPAL DOES THIS METACARPAL ARTICULATE WITH? fourth metacarpal
hamate
what is the hook-like process on the hamate called?
hamulus
distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)
joint between middle and distal phalanges
interphalangeal (IP) joint
joint between proximal and distal phalanges of the first digit
first metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint
joint between the first metacarpal and the proximal phalanx of the thumb
the second group of bones (palm) in the hand?
metacarpals
digit 3
middle finger
digit 5
pinky finger
what is the smallest carpal bone?
pisiform
what does the lunate articulate with?
radius
what does the scaphoid articulate with?
radius proximally
digit 4
ring finger
what is the largest bone in the proximal row of the carpals?
scaphoid
what is the most frequently fractured carpal bone?
scaphoid
WHICH CARPAL DOES THIS METACARPAL ARTICULATE WITH? first metacarpal
trapezium
carpal bones
trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate, scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
WHICH CARPAL DOES THIS METACARPAL ARTICULATE WITH? second metacarpal
trapezoid
what is the smallest bone in the distal carpal row?
trapezoid
