Ch. 6

School Health Services

Health services provided by school health workers to appraise, protect, and promote the health of students

Development of and Sources of Health Education Curricula

Various methods and sources available

Psychosocial environment

a. Attitudes, feelings and values of students and staff

Monitoring the Status of School Health Policy in the United States

CDC conducts national survey to assess school health policies and practices every six years

Policy Development Resources

1. Action for Healthy Kids 2. School Health Index

The Teacher's Role

1. Carries responsibility in making sure program works 2. Teachers spend more waking hours with students than parents 3. Observe normal and abnormal behaviors and issues

Lack of Support for Coordinated School Health Programs

Challenges with legislation for the CSHP

Violence in Schools

1. High profile incidents of violence in schools increased public awareness 2. More males involved in violent acts than females

School-Based Health Centers or School-Linked Health Centers

1. Majority located in school buildings 2. Most today in urban areas 3. Have common features

Policy Development

1. Should be executed by the school health council 2. Should cover all facets of the school health program 3. Once written, should receive approval from key stakeholders

The Need for School Health

A. Unhealthy children have difficult time learning 1. Unable to concentrate; may distract others 2. Health and success in school are interrelated B. School health programs are included in Healthy People 2020

Policy Implementation

Distribution of policies to all who will be affected by them

Coordinated School Health Program

Includes comprehensive school health education, school health policies, a healthy school environment, school counseling, physical education

School Health Advisory Council

Individuals from a school or school district and its community who work together to provide advice on aspects of coordinated school health program; also called school wellness council

Healthy School Environment

The promotion, maintenance, and utilization of safe and wholesome surroundings in a school a. School districts required by law to provide a safe school environment

Foundations of the School Health Program

Well-organized school health council, school administration that supports the effort, written school health policies

School Health Coordinator

a professional at the district or school level responsible for management and coordination of all school health policies, activities, and resources

Physical environment

a. Building and surrounding areas b. Behavior of those using the buildings, personnel and students

Priority health content

a. Alcohol and other drugs b. Healthy eating c. Mental and emotional health d. Personal health and wellness e. Physical activity f. Safety g. Sexual health (abstinence and risk avoidance) h. Tobacco i. Violence prevention

National Health Education Standards

a. Delineate essential knowledge and skills that every student should know and be able to do following completion of quality school health education b. Not federal mandate or national curriculum; provides foundation for curriculum development

Specific steps for creating local health-related policies

a. Identify the policy development team b. Assess the district's needs c. Prioritize needs and develop an action plan d. Draft a policy e. Build awareness and support f. Adopt and implement the policy g. Maintain, measure, and evaluate

Minimum standards of services recommended

a. State-mandated services b. Assessment of minor health complaints, medication administration, and care for students with special needs c. Management of emergencies and other urgent situations

School Nurse-Has many responsibilities and influences on the school health program

a. provide direct health care to students and staff b. provide leadership for the provision of health services c. provide screening and referral for health conditions d. promote a healthy school environment e. promote health f. serve in a leadership role for health policies and programs g. serve as a liaison between school personnel, family, community and health care providers

Bullying

aggressive behavior that is intentional and involves imbalance of power and strength a. Takes many forms; done in many ways

Coordinated School Health Program-

an organized set of policies, procedures, and activities designed to protect, promote, and improve the health and well-being of students and staff, thus improving a student's ability to learn

Advantages of school health services

equitability, breadth of coverage, confidentiality, user friendliness, convenience

Family/Community Involvement for School Health

integrated school/parent/community approach for enhancing health and well-being of students

Improper implementation

low priority on health in many districts; provided by individuals not trained in health education

Controversy

nature of certain topics create controversy in some districts and certain parts of the country

School-Site Health Promotion for Staff

opportunities for school staff to improve their health status through health-related assessments and activities

Scope

part of the curriculum that outlines what will be taught

Sequence

part of the curriculum that states the order the content will be taught

Physical Education

planned sequential curriculum that provides cognitive content and learning experiences in a variety of activity areas

Counseling, Psychological and Social Services

services provided to improve students' mental, emotional, and social health

School Nutrition Services

should provide access to a variety of appealing and nutritious meals that accommodate health and nutrition needs

School Health Education

the development, delivery, and evaluation of a planned curriculum, kindergarten through grade 12

Curriculum

written plan for instruction

School Health Policies

written statements that describe the nature and procedures of a school health program