Ch 6 Deviance; Ch 6 "Norm Breaking on Television" Data Workshop

The National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance (NAAFA) is an example of what stigma-related concept? in-group orientation passing stereotype threat deviance avowal

in-group orientation -NAAFA rejects the prevailing judgments that marks its members as deviant.

Identify each example as either deviant or normal in U.S. culture. Deviant in U.S. Culture A woman is fluent in both English and Spanish. A boy makes critical comments about an elected official. A man drives 80 mph in a 55 mph zone. A girl elongates her neck with brass rings.

Normal in U.S. Culture A man drives 80 mph in a 55 mph zone. A girl elongates her neck with brass rings. Not Normal in U.S. Culture A woman is fluent in both English and Spanish. A boy makes critical comments about an elected official.

Place each study of deviance in order, from first to last. Alexander Liazos suggested that the sociology of deviance mostly focuses on "nuts and sluts. "Leila Rupp and Verta Taylor spent three years studying drag queens. Jack Katz noted that many studies of deviance focus on background rather than foreground factors. David Matza called for social scientists to understand deviant phenomena in a perspective he called "naturalism."

1.David Matza called for social scientists to understand deviant phenomena in a perspective he called "naturalism." 2.Alexander Liazos suggested that the sociology of deviance mostly focuses on "nuts and sluts. 3.Jack Katz noted that many studies of deviance focus on background rather than foreground factors 4."Leila Rupp and Verta Taylor spent three years studying drag queens.

The year _______ saw the highest homicide rates in U.S. history, at ________ per 100,000 persons, or 24,700 murders. Between then and ____________, there was a dramatic __________ in homicide rates, and the rate has stayed ______________-ever since. increase 10.6 1992 2010 1988 low 2000 1991 high 9.8 drop 6.3

1991, 9.8, 2000, drop, low

What, in broad terms, is the definition of deviance? Behavior that causes physical or emotional harm to others Any departure from what is usual or average Behavior that is contrary to either a nation's laws or the tenets of the dominant religion A behavior, trait, belief, or other characteristic that violates a norm and causes a negative reaction

A behavior, trait, belief, or other characteristic that violates a norm and causes a negative reaction

American criminologist Richard Quinney theorized that capitalism—and the exploitation and oppression of the working class—make deviant and even criminal behavior nearly inescapable for workers. The ruling class can make laws that target the poor. When the poor act out against repression, they become targets for law enforcement, while the rich and powerful remain free to do what they like. Quinney's theory falls under which sociological perspective? structural strain theory conflict theory social control theory structural functionalism

Conflict theory-Conflict theory suggests that definitions and rules of deviance are applied unequally based on power.

What are the distinguishing features of a symbolic interactionist theory of social deviance? Distinguishing Feature(s) a focus on individual psychology rather than on the social dynamics of large populations a search for the functional importance of a person's behavior in relation to the rest of the social group a recognition of the impact of assigning labels to behaviors and to people

Distinguishing Feature(s) a recognition of the impact of assigning labels to behaviors and to people a focus on individual psychology rather than on the social dynamics of large populations Not Distinguishing Feature(s) a search for the functional importance of a person's behavior in relation to the rest of the social group

Which of the following hypothetical scenarios are examples of social control in the United States? compulsory schooling laws for high-school-aged students parents often reminding their young children not to pick their noses eating lunch with your group of friends in the mall food court playing a team sport such as football

Example(s) of Social Control compulsory schooling laws for high-school-aged students parents often reminding their young children not to pick their noses Not Example(s) of Social Control eating lunch with your group of friends in the mall food court playing a team sport such as football

Someone who admits that he has a problem, such as alcoholism, but wants to shake the stigma associated with it and change his life for the better, is experiencing tertiary deviance. True/False

False

The term "deviant" refers to a moral, not a social, judgment. True/False

False-Deviance is about a particular group's judgment of a behavior and not a universal moral judgment.

Researchers in a psychology experiment (Rosenhan 1973) applied labeling theory to the diagnosis of schizophrenia in a psychiatric setting. What was the experimental design? Equal numbers of schizophrenic and Nonschizophrenic persons were presented for evaluation. The goal was to see how reliably doctors would diagnose each person's real condition. Persons of different races feigned symptoms of schizophrenia. The goal was to see whether race was a factor in the diagnosis of mental illness. Nonschizophrenic persons first feigned mental illness, then reverted to normal behavior. The goal was to see how doctors would interpret the change.

Nonschizophrenic persons first feigned mental illness, then reverted to normal behavior. The goal was to see how doctors would interpret the change.

In labeling theory, what is the difference between primary deviance and secondary deviance?. Primary deviance reflects one's personality, while secondary deviance is strictly behavioral. Secondary deviance is an eventual effect of primary deviance, which is the initial deviant behavior. Primary deviance requires formal social sanctions, while secondary deviance calls for informal sanctions.

Secondary deviance is an eventual effect of primary deviance, which is the initial deviant behavior.

Which statement about Nikki Jones's 2012 ethnographic study of inner-city African American girls in Philadelphia is true? Young women are not expected to be respectable once they are labeled as deviant. Young African American women must value toughness over being a "good girl." Violence is acceptable for young women. The intersectionality of race, class, and gender places these young women in a bind as they navigate respectability and practicality.

The intersectionality of race, class, and gender places these young women in a bind as they navigate respectability and practicality.

Erving Goffman suggests there are three main types of stigma: physical, moral, and ___________ . hidden perpetual tribal mental

Tribal- There are three main types of stigma: physical (including physical or mental impairments), moral (signs of a flawed character), and tribal (membership in a discredited or oppressed group). Almost any departure from the norm can have a stigmatizing effect, including a physical disability, a past battle with alcohol or mental illness, time served in jail, or sexual transgressions.

Robert Merton's typology identifies five routes for individuals based on cultural goals and institutionalized means—conformity, ritualism, innovation, retreatism, and rebellion—and all but one is deviance by Merton's definition. True/False

True-Only conformity embraces both society's approved goals and the socially approved means of reaching them

Match each personality type from structural strain theory to its definition. ritualist retreatist innovator Rebel accepts society's approved goals but rejects the means to achieve those goals renounces society's approved goals and means entirely and instead works toward his or her own goals using new means renounces society's approved goals and means entirely and lives outside the conventional norms altogether gives up on achieving society's approved goals but accepts the means to achieve those goals

accepts society's approved goals but rejects the means to achieve those goals Correct label: innovator renounces society's approved goals and means entirely and instead works toward his or her own goals using new means Correct label: rebel renounces society's approved goals and means entirely and lives outside the conventional norms altogether Correct label: retreatist gives up on achieving society's approved goals but accepts the means to achieve those goals Correct label: ritualist

Match each social theorist to how his work relates to social deviance theory. Robert Merton Erving Goffman Howard Becker Émile Durkheim developed strain theory as a functionalist account of social deviance offered a functionalist theory of deviance applied labeling theory to the question of how deviance begins applied social interactionist theory to the dynamics of stigma

developed strain theory as a functionalist account of social deviance Correct label: Robert Merton offered a functionalist theory of deviance Correct label: Émile Durkheim applied labeling theory to the question of how deviance begins Correct label: Howard Becker applied social interactionist theory to the dynamics of stigma Correct label: Erving Goffman

A citizen group sends letters to the governor of a southern state and asks her to reconsider stopping the execution of a man on death row convicted of murdering a police officer. The governor declines, stating that the purpose of the criminal justice system is to remove this convicted murderer from society so that everyone else can be protected. What type of justification for punishment is used by the governor? incapacitation retribution deterrence rehabilitation

incapacitation -The governor is seeking a solution that does not reform the individual but seeks to protect society.

Place each personality type to the proper location in Merton's typology of deviance. ritualism retreatism innovation conformity

ritualism-Green box retreatism-Yellow box innovation- Blue box conformity- White box

All crimes are deviant, but not all deviant acts are crimes. "True"/ "False"

true -Some deviant acts involve the violation of norms that have been codified into law. When you analyze a television show, you may see characters who commit crimes, which is an important example of deviance. You may also observe characters who break social norms and cause negative reactions. These offensive behaviors, traits, or beliefs are deviant, but they are not all crimes.

For her study of the experiences of people with criminal records, sociologist Devah Pager sent out equally matched pairs of job applicants—one black and one white—and had them apply for actual entry-level jobs. The men took turns presenting themselves as having a criminal record. Identify the results of Pager's study. Race mattered less than criminal records. All applicants had a surprisingly similar chance at being hired. A white man with a criminal record was more likely to receive a job call-back than a black man with no criminal record. Criminal records close many doors for both blacks and whites.

Result(s) A white man with a criminal record was more likely to receive a job call-back than a black man with no criminal record. Criminal records close many doors for both blacks and whites. Not Result(s) Race mattered less than criminal records. All applicants had a surprisingly similar chance at being hired.