Chapter 10 Quiz

You have higher levels of concentration and lower levels of anxiety after ______. a. Math achievement. b. Social interaction. c. Synaptogenesis. d. Exercise.

d. Exercise.

Eleven-year-old Monica has just come home from a long day at school. Her mother suggests that she go outside and kick the soccer ball for a while, and have a snack before she gets started on her homework. She decides that this sounds like a good idea and goes outside. When she returns, she is quickly able to concentrate on her homework. This illustrates ______. a. A benefit of physical exercise. b. Synaptic pruning. c. A benefit of hippocampal development. d. Executive function.

a. A benefit of physical exercise.

How is ADHD differentiated from normal inattention and activity? a. A diagnosis of ADHD requires consistent display of a minimum number of specific symptoms over a six-month period, and the symptoms must interfere with behavior in daily life. b. A diagnosis of ADHD begins with an fMRI of the hippocampus to determine if memory is developing normally so that symptoms interfering with daily life may be controlled. c. A diagnosis of ADHD requires a check of hormone levels in order to determine overall health so that the symptoms may be controlled. d. A diagnosis of ADHD requires an fMRI to determine abnormal brain structures, and the symptoms must interfere with daily life.

a. A diagnosis of ADHD requires consistent display of a minimum number of specific symptoms over a six-month period, and the symptoms must interfere with behavior in daily life.

Researchers interested in children who have difficulty learning mathematical concepts such as counting, addition, and subtraction would most likely focus on ______. a. Developmental dyscalculia. b. Developmental dyslexia. c. ADHD. d. Developmental dysgraphia.

a. Developmental dyscalculia.

Ten-year-old Tasha has been assigned to write a story about her grandmother. She is dreading this assignment because she has a lot of trouble spelling words. Her teacher always tells her that her hand writing is very difficult to read. Tasha has all the right thoughts up in her mind, but when she goes to put them on paper they do not come out right. Tasha may need to be evaluated for ______. a. Developmental dysgraphia. b. ADHD. c. Developmental dyscalculia. d. Developmental dyslexia.

a. Developmental dysgraphia.

Researchers interested in age-inappropriate difficulty in matching letters to sounds and difficulty with word recognition and spelling would most likely focus on ______. a. Developmental dyslexia. b. ADHD. c. Developmental dysgraphia. d. Developmental dyscalculia.

a. Developmental dyslexia.

Children in middle childhood develop strength and endurance with organized practices all year round because of ______. a. Organized sports. b. Cardiovascular development. c. Recess. d. Genetic heredity.

a. Organized sports.

______ minutes of moderate-to-vigorous exercise per day is recommended. a. Sixty. b. Forty-five. c. Seventy-five. d. Thirty.

a. Sixty

Which refers to a specific discrepancy between achievement and aptitude in a particular academic area? a. Specific learning disorder. b. PTSD. c. ADHD. d. Anxiety.

a. Specific learning disorder.

Which is the most common cause of death in middle childhood? a. Unintentional injuries. b. Gastrointestinal distress. c. Cardiovascular disease. d. Asthma.

a. Unintentional injury.

Researchers interested in physical education in elementary schools would most likely focus on ______. a. Whether or not other activities are being substituted for PE during the school day. b. Whether or not malnourishment is an issue for the school district in question. c. Whether or not the students are meeting their academic benchmarks for the school year. d. Whether or not dyslexia is a problem for that school district.

a. Whether or not other activities are being substituted for PE during the school day.

Seven-year-old Tomas lives in a lower socioeconomic neighborhood. He lives with his parents, one of whom is a smoker. There is also a lot of carpet in the house. Recently, Tomas has been wheezing and coughing a lot. It has been harder and harder to catch his breath. Tomas is most likely suffering from ______. a. PTSD. b. Asthma. c. Gastrointestinal distress. d. Hormone deficiencies.

b. Asthma.

Nine-year-old Mary has recently withdrawn from her friends. She tells them that she needs to get home quickly every day because her new "uncle", who is actually her mother's new boyfriend, needs her to help him. She is also having some trouble sleeping and feels very anxious all the time. Her depression is worsening, and she feels extremely isolated. Mary could be suffering from ______. a. Developmental dyscalculia. b. Child sexual abuse. c. Gastrointestinal distress. d. Hormone deficiencies.

b. Child sexual abuse.

Seven-year-old Isabella is having a hard time in school with her addition and subtraction. No matter how many times her parents and teacher go over the problems, she still finds the concepts hard to understand. Even counting on her fingers is not helping her. Isabella's parents consider having her evaluated for ______. a. Developmental dysgraphia. b. Developmental dyscalculia. c. Anxiety. d. ADHD.

b. Developmental dyscalculia.

One way dyscalculia is differentiated from other specific learning disorders is in its difficulties with ______. a. Language. b. Numbers. c. Working memory. d. Attention.

b. Numbers.

Eight-year-old Kumar gets fidgety and anxious when he sits for a long time. His homework is a blur in front of him. As his mother notices this, she decides that he needs some fresh air. She sends him outside to play even though his homework is not finished. He runs around, climbs on his swing set, and jumps rope outside. After this, he is able to quickly finish his math homework. This illustrates ______. a. Executive function. b. A benefit of myelination. c. A benefit of physical exercise. d. Synaptogenesis.

c. A benefit of physical exercise.

Culture can be ______ in developing resilience in children. a. A risk factor. b. Neither a risk or a protective factor. c. A risk and protective factor. d. A protective factor.

c. A risk and protective factor.

Which refers to the discrepancy between one's ideal body figure and actual body figure? a. Body mass index. b. Sense of self. c. Body image dissatisfaction. d. Self esteem.

c. Body image dissatisfaction.

Physical activity has been linked to ______. a. Higher levels of gastrointestinal distress. b. Lower levels of self esteem. c. Lower levels of anxiety. d. Higher levels of anxiety

c. Lower levels of anxiety.

Gray matter increases ______. a. Hormone levels. b. Parietal cortex connection. c. Neuron to neuron connection. d. Immune system development.

c. Neuron to neuron connection

A Western-style diet is high in ____. a. Fruits. b. Vegetables. c. Refined foods. d. Nutrition.

c. Refined foods.

Researchers interested in episodic memory development would most likely focus on ______. a. Gray matter. b. Hormone levels. c. The hippocampus. d. The cerebellum.

c. The hippocampus.

Which fine motor skill is associated with influencing academic skills? a. Painting. b. Braiding. c. Writing. d. Building.

c. Writing.

An example of a gross motor skill would be ______. a. Building a model. b. Cursive handwriting. c. Braiding a bracelet. d. Balancing on a beam.

d. Balancing on a beam.

Jessica wants to learn to play the guitar. She is only 7 years old but her parents have decided to let her try to develop this skill. They know that using her fine motor skills when her hands are doing two different things will help with ______. a. Hormone levels. b. Cephalocaudal development. c. Social interaction. d. Brain development.

d. Brain development.

Which area of the brain is responsible for balance, coordination, and some aspects of emotion and reasoning? a. Adrenarche. b. Parietal cortex. c. Cephalocaudal. d. Cerebellum.

d. Cerebellum.

Kenyon's mother decided to sign him up for a crafting class after school. He has always liked to do things like build models. Lately, he has been having trouble with his cursive handwriting. Kenyon's mother hopes that the class will aid in the development of Kenyon's ______. a. Executive function. b. Gross motor skills. c. Parietal cortex. d. Fine motor skills.

d. Fine motor skills.

How is screen time related to physical activity in elementary school? a. Screen time and physical activity stay about the same during the elementary school years with no major increases or decreases. b. Increased screen time during the elementary school years promotes physical activity with different apps that encourage children to get out and move. c. Screen time decreases in elementary school, leading to an increase in physical activity in the elementary school years. d. Increased screen time beginning at the age of 7 leads to a decrease in physical activity during the elementary school years.

d. Increased screen time beginning at the age of 7 leads to a decrease in physical activity during the elementary school years.

Genes and ______ interact to influence the rate of growth. a. Cephalocaudal development. b. Immune system. c. Resilience. d. Nutrition.

d. Nutrition.

Eight-year-old Troy and his mother live in a lower socioeconomic part of the city. He and his mother just make it through each month with enough to eat and pay the rent. Troy's mother is tough but fair, and always supports him. In fact, he and his mother are extremely close. He knows that he is loved and accepted for himself. He has experienced adversity but continues to rise to the challenges. Troy exemplifies a(n) ______. a. Temperamental child. b. Helpless child. c. Anxious child. d. Resilient child.

d. Resilient child.

Researchers interested in growth stunting would focus on ______ a. The immune system. b. Cardiovascular system. c. Developed nations. d. Underdeveloped nations.

d. Underdeveloped nations.

Ten-year-old Donovon is a very active and impulsive boy. He is constantly running around and climbing everything he sees. He does not stop to think about what could happen to him before he rushes into an activity. Donovon is more likely to suffer (an) ______ than another child. a. Malnourishment. b. Gastrointestinal distress. c. Adrenarche. d. Unintentional injury.

d. Unintentional injury.