Chapter 11: The Peculiar Institution

The importance of music in the culture of slaves was evident in a) all of the answers below b) their creation of music c) importance of music in ceremonies d) their singing while working in fields e) passionate expression of emotion in their singing

a) all of the answers below

In 1850, a majority of southern slaveholders owned how many of slaves? a) 1-5 b) 6-10 c) 15-20 d) 25-30 e) >30

a) 1-5

Southerners considered slavery incompatible with city life because they a) all of the answers below b) were suspicious of a union between slaves and poor white laborers c) could not find employment for slaves there d) feared possible slave conspiracies and insurrection e) believed that slaves would not work without supervision

a) all of the answers below

The South did little to create flourishing commercial or industrial economy because a) all the answers below b) its distinctly Southern values discourage the growth of cities and industry c) its people had their money tied up in agriculture d) its agricultural system was greatly profitable

a) all the answers below

The growth and profitability of southern cotton did all of the following EXCEPT a) catapult the wealth of the average Southern white above most Northerners b) provide the raw material for manufacturing in New England c) accelerate the internal movement of slaves from the SE to SW d) promote national and international economic ties

a) catapult the wealth of the average Southern white above most Northerners

Southern farmers in the backcountry: a) generally worked the land using family labor b) were all directly involved in the market economy from the start of the nineteenth century c) owned a substantial number of slaves d) were highly self-sufficient but still bought most of their supplies from stores e) were fortunate that their land was far better for farming than that owned by planters

a) generally worked the land using family labor

Fugitive slaves: a) often escaped to cities and blended in with free black population b) were more likely to be women than men, because they were trying to escape sexual assault c) succeeded in escaping more frequently from the Deep South because they had access to ships leaving ports like New Orleans and Charleston d) benefited from the refusal of non-slaveowners to participate in patrols that looked for fugitives e) who escaped to Canada were routinely returned to slavery by the British authorities

a) often escaped to cities and blended in with free black population

Denmark Vesey's conspiracy: a) reflected a combination of American and African influences b) took place in 1831 and was a success c) reflected the belief of the conspirators that the Bible endorsed slavery d) was discovered, but Vesey escaped North to freedom e) resulted in over twenty deaths of white men, women, and children

a) reflected a combination of American and African influences

In the South, the paternalist ethos: a) reflected the hierarchical society in which the planter took responsibility for the lives of those around him b) declined after the War of 1812, as southern society became more centered on market relations rather than personal c) suffered because southern slaveholders lived among their slaves, so that the groups' constant exposure to each other made southern slavery more openly violent than elsewhere d) brought southern society close to northern ideals e) encouraged southern women to become more active and better educated so that they could help their husbands in their paternal roles

a) reflected the hierarchical society in which the planter took responsibility for the lives of those around him

Slavery in the South was all but EXCEPT a) the African slave trade grew larger each decade until the Civil War b) the slave population increased through natural reproduction c) growing sugar was much tougher work than growing cotton d) masters frequently protected young slave children from hard work e) slaves generally had better living conditions than those of Caribbean slaves

a) the African slave trade grew larger each decade until the Civil War

In 1860, what percentage of southern white families were in the slave-owning class? a) 10% b) 25% c) 55% d) 75%

b) 25%

"Silent sabotage" can be best defined as when slaves: a) escaped along the Underground railroad b) did poor work and broke tools c) married fellow slaves d) secretly met to worship e) named their children after kin

b) did poor work and broke tools

The end of slavery in most Latin american nations a) resulted from violent slave revolts that rocked Latin America from 1822 to 1855 b) involved gradual emancipation accompanied by recognition of owners' legal rights to slave property c) was inspired by the emancipation of slaves that occurred as a result of the American civil war d) Laws in the South were far more protective of slaves than were laws concerning slaves elsewhere e) southern slaves had a greater likelihood of becoming free than did other New World slaves

b) involved gradual emancipation accompanied by recognition of owners' legal rights to slave property

Which of the following was not true of the south and its economy from 1800-1860 a) Southern cities, like New Orleans and Baltimore, lay mainly on the periphery of the South b) the South produced nearly 2/5ths of the nations manufactured goods, especially cotton textiles. c) Slavery helped to discourage the immigration of white workers to the South, with notable exceptions such as New Orleans d) Slavery proved very profitable for most slave owners e) Southern banks existed mainly to finance plantations

b) the South produced nearly 2/5ths of the nations manufactured goods, especially cotton textiles.

The plantation masters had many means to maintain order among their slaves. According to the text, what was the most powerful weapon the plantation masters had a) requiring slaves to attend church b) the threat of sale c) exploiting the divisions among slaves d) withholding food e) denying a marriage between two slaves

b) the threat of sale

Which of the following is not true about the South and slavery in the 19th century in America? a) The Upper South had developed into the largest and most powerful slave society the modern world has known b) The rate of natural increase in the slave population had more than made up for the ban on the International slve trade that was enacted in 1808 c) In the south as a whole, slaves made up only 10 percent of the population d) The amount of money invested in or represented by slavery in the U.S. exceeded that of the nation's factories, banks, and railroads combined e) The Industrial Revolution promoted slavery because it required intensive production of cotton

c) In the south as a whole, slaves made up only 10 percent of the population

Why did southern slaves live in better conditions by the 19th century than those in the Caribbean and South American? a) They did not; slaves led vastly healthier lives in regions other than the American South b) Southern Protestant churches encouraged better treatment of souther slaves than the Roma Catholic Church did with slaves in the Carribean and South America c) the rising value of slaves made it profitable for slaveowners to take better care of them d) Laws in the south were far more protective of slaves than were laws concerning slaves elsewhere e) Southern slaves had a greater likelihood of becoming free than did other New World Slaves

c) the rising value of slaves made it profitable for slaveowners to take better care of them

Slave families: a) were rare because there were too few female slaves b) were more common in the West Indies, where living conditions favored their formation and survival c) were headed by women more frequently than white families d) usually were able to stay together because most slaveowners were paternalistic e) avoided naming children for family members because children so often were sold, and it was better not to build strong kinship ties

c) were headed by women more frequently than white families

What economic effect did southern slavery have on the north? a) It was minimal, which explains why northerners opposed slavery b) Many northerners profited from investing in real-estate partnerships that controlled southern plantations c) A few New York shippng companies benefited from slavery, but the institution had little effect otherwise d) Southern slavery helped finance industrialization and internal improvements in the North e) Southern slavery drained resources from the North and helped keep the whole nation in a depression during the 1850s

d) Southern slavery helped finance industrialization and internal improvements in the North

Task labor: a) got its name for tasking the abilities of slaves; it was very difficult, complicated work b) was an acronym for Take All Southerners' Knives, a secret organization of slaves planning an insurrection c) always was controlled by an overseer d) allowed slaves to take on daily jobs, set their own pace, and work on their own when they were done. e) was the most common form of slave labor organization in the South

d) allowed slaves to take on daily jobs, set their own pace, and work on their own when they were done.

By the late 1830s, the south's proslavery argument a) rested on the premise that slavery was a necessary evil b) was based entirely on secular evidence c) had not yet been accepted by major southern political figures d) claimed that slavery was essential to human economic and cultural progress e) was roundly criticized by southern newspaper editors, ministers, and academics

d) claimed that slavery was essential to human economic and cultural progress

Slave religion: a) was based on entirely on what slaves learned and heard from white ministers b) existed without approval from masters, who thought that letting slaves learn about religion might weaken their control c) benefited from masters assigning a member of each slave quarters to serve as a slave chaplain d) combined African traditions and Christian beliefs e) died out by the early 1820s because of strop opposition from whites

d) combined African traditions and Christian beliefs

The slave system was characterized by a) generally good conditions for most slaves b) prison-like conditions for most slaves c) a uniformly applied set of stern but fair slave codes d) considerable variety in the conditions under which slaves lived

d) considerable variety in the conditions under which slaves lived

In the 19th century, which product was the world's major crop produced by slave labor a) tobacco b) indigo c) sorghum d) cotton e) rice

d) cotton

One impact of the cultivation of cotton and other cash crops in the south was a) creation of a more economically and socially egalitarian society in the South b) increasing economic isolation of the South from the rest of the country c) rapid growth of textile mills and other manufacturing throughout the South d) increased political power the South was able to wield in Congress

d) increased political power the South was able to wield in Congress

All of the following of African Americans maintain aspects of their American heritage despite the held in captivity as slaves EXCEPT a) Responsorial style of preaching in which the congregation punctuates the sermon with assents and amens b) Unlike the common practice among the planter aristocracy, they avoided marriage between first cousins c) In their religion, the emphasis was on the capitivity of the ancient Isrealites which seemed pertinent to their own situation as slaves d) the tendency for each male to have 4 wives in accordance with their historic traditions

d) the tendency for each male to have 4 wives in accordance with their historic traditions

Slaves often disliked serving as household servants on large plantations for all of the following reasons EXCEPT a) they were isolated from their fellow slaves b) they lacked privacy from the watchful eyes of the master's family c) they received punishments more than did other slaves d) they were more likely to be sold to the owners of the plantation e) they were especially vulnerable to sexual abuse

d) they were more likely to be sold to the owners of the plantation

The relationship between rich southern planters and poor southern farmers a) led to numerous violent uprisings in the southern hill country b) was complicated b the strong antislavery movement among poor farmers in the 1850s c) was strained by planter's insistence that farmers participate in the slave patrols d) showed itself in politics, as most poor farmers became Whigs and most wealthy planters became Democrats e) benefited in part from a sense of-of racial unity and bonds bred by criticism from outsiders

e) benefited in part from a sense of-of racial unity and bonds bred by criticism from outsiders

The least common form of black resistance to slavery was a) trying to escape b) performing tasks improperly c) refusing to work hard d) losing or breaking tools e) revolting against masters

e) revolting against masters

One effect of Nat Turners rebellion was a) the U.S. Senate's call for an end to slavery b) the establishment of mediation boards to hear slaves' complaints c) the creation of antislavery societies throughout the lower South d) the victory of the Whig party in the election of 1840 e) the decline in the number of slaves free in the south

e) the decline in the number of slaves free in the south