chapter 28 ss

How was the bridge of boats at Hellespont destroyed?

By a bad storm

cavalry

soldiers who ride on horses

Xexces

son of Darius, and ruler of Persia from 486 to 465 B.C.E eventually defeated by the Greeks at the end of the Persian wars

Why did King Darius ask for presents of Greek earth and water?

such gifts would mean that the Greeks had accepted Persian rule

What was the outcome of the Ionian Revolt?

the Persian army punished the Ionians

What happened at the Battle of Thermopylae?

the Persians defeated the Spartans

What Persians do to punish for not doing what they wanted in the first place?

they destroyed Miletus

After the Persians burned Athens to the ground, how did the Athenians continue to fight?

they used their navy

what was Darius determined to do after the Ionian Revolt?

to defeat the rest of mainland greece

Why did Xerxes cross the Hellespont?

to go from Asia into Europe

Persian wars

(490-4790 B.C.E) the period of fighting waged between the Persian Empire and the allied Greek city-states for control land in Greece

Battle of Thermopylae

2nd battle of the Persian War that the Persians won and Greeks lost

Battle of Salamis

3rd battle of the Persian war that the Greek city-states won; fought on water

Athens was burned to the ground between the battles of Thermopylae and Salamis. As a result, many Athenian families lost their homes in what year?

480 B.C.E

Battle of Plataea

4th battle of the Persian war that the Greek city-states won

How did this Persian Empire come to be?

A powerful king conquered Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, Egypt, and parts of India and Europe

What was the sea the Persian army crossed to attack Greece?

Aegean Sea

About when did the Persians defeat the Ionians?

At 493 B.C.

Suppose that an Athenian soldier wrote this passage, about 480 B.C.E.. What does this passage indicate? I will stand shoulder to shoulder with the brave men of Greece- Spartans as well as my fellow Athenians- and fight to the death, if that is what it takes to stop the Persians.

Athenians and Spartans would join to fight a common enemy

Why did the Ionians loose the Ionian Revolt?

Athenians went home after an initial success, leaving small Ionian Army by themselves

The Battle of Salamis took place about ten years after what event?

Battle of Marathon

What helped the Athenians win a stunning victory in the Battle of Marathon?

Clever military strategy and better weapons

What did the Persians take from the Ionians?

Farmland and harbor

Where did the Persian Empire extend?

From Egypt in North Africa east to the Indus river which is present day Pakistan

Which of these factors most affected the outcome of the Battle of Salamis?

Greek knowledge of local waterways

Why did the Greeks care about what happened to Ionia?

Greeks had established wealthy settlements in Ionia

What was Miltiades' strategy in the Battle of Marathon?

He attacked the Persians from three different sides

How was it possible for King Darius to rule such a large Empire?

He divided the empire into 20 provinces, established taxes, and appointed officials to rule the local areas.

Which of the following was a characteristic of King Darius' rule?

He started a system of tax collecting. He appointed officials to rule local areas.He allowed those he conquered to keep their own customs.

The Persian Empire began in present-day

Iran

What was one reason Persia attacked Greece?

Persia wanted revenge

What did Athens send to Ionia?

Soldiers and a small fleet of ships

What good thing did the Greeks use to defeat the Persian army?

Strategy

Who won The Battle of Marathon?

The Greeks

How many ships did the Greek sink when they lured the Persian ships into the channel?

The Greeks rammed and crushed 300 Persian ships and The Greek only lost 40 of their own

Who did the Persians first conquer?

The wealthy settlements in Ionia

What happened during the Ionian Revolt

Their settlement had been conquered and the Persians took away their farmland and harbors. When they rebelled the Persians destroyed their city called Miletus

What did the Ionians do because they needed help?

They asked mainland Greece for help

How did the Greeks trick the Persians at the Battle of Salamis

They lured the Persians into a narrow channel with a trick that trapped the ships and then they rammed the ships, which meant victory for Greece

What was an important result of the Persian wars?

They prevented Persia from conquering Greece

What did the Greeks use to defeat the Persians at Marathon?

They used better weapons and strategy to defeat the Persians

What did the Persians do to punish the Ionia for revolting?

They wrecked the city of Miletus.

What did the Persians force the Ionians to do?

To give payments in goods and to serve in the Persian Army

What helped smaller Greek forces defeat the powerful Persian Empire during the Persian wars?

Working as allies and using navy strategies were key to their successes

Did the knowledge and understanding of the Greek geography help move to victories?

Yes, the region provided strategies that could help the Greeks succeed in defeating the Persians

Darius

a great Persian king who ruled from about 522 to 486 B.C.E

Hellespont

a long, narrow body of water between Europe and the present-day country of Turkey

To defeat the Persians at Marathon, the Greeks made use of

a narrow valley

Persian Empire

a vast empire in the 400s B.C.E that ruled over lands in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia

What was an advantage that Greece had over the Persians?

better strategy

The Persian Empire expand its territory:

by conquering its neighbors

How did the Persian Empire expand its territory?

by paying others to join it

When Darius sent cavalry across the sea by boat, what must have been in the boats?

horses

Why was the Battle of Plataea important?

it ended the Persian wars