Chapter 4

Carbon monoxide injures cells by

reducing oxygen level on hemoglobin.

Bacteria cause injury to cells by (Select all that apply.) a. producing exotoxins. b. producing endotoxins. c. producing destructive enzymes. d. reproducing inside of host cells altering cellular function. e. evoking an immune reaction.

A, B, C, E

Infectious injury often results from (Select all that apply.) a. exotoxins. b. endotoxins. c. self-destruction of cells. d. anti-inflammatory reactions. e. enzymes from white blood cells.

A, B, C, E

Viruses differ from most bacteria in that they (Select all that apply.) a. enter the host cell. b. directly produce free radicals. c. use the host's metabolic processes to survive and replicate. d. do not induce an immune response. e. do not produce toxins.

A,C,E

Extreme cold injures cells by all the following except a. ischemic injury from vasoconstriction. b. peripheral nerve damage from rebound vasodilation. c. decreased blood viscosity. d. crystallization of cellular components.

c. decreased blood viscosity (Hypothermia causes increased blood viscosity, )

Apoptosis is a process that results in cellular

death.

Coagulative necrosis is caused by

interrupted blood supply

All these cellular responses are potentially reversible except: necrosis. metaplasia. atrophy. hyperplasia.

necrosis

The cellular component that is most susceptible to radiation injury is the

DNA

Lactate production results from ...

anaerobic glycolytic pathway.

The primary effect of aging on all body systems is

decreased functional reserve

Of the statements below, the accurate statement regarding nutrition and cellular health is

deficient cellular uptake by one cell type may contribute to excess nutrient delivery to other cell types.

The cellular change that is considered preneoplastic is

dysplasia

An increase in organ size and function due to increased workload is termed

hypertrophy.

The cellular response indicative of injury due to faulty metabolism is

intracellular accumulations

Reperfusion injury to cells

involves formation of free radicals.

Necrotic death of brain tissue usually produces _____ necrosis.

liquefactive

Somatic death refers to death...

of the entire organism

Metaplasia occurs from ...

persistent cell injury

Hydropic swelling results from malfunction of the...

sodium-potassium pump.

Metaplasia is...

the replacement of one differentiated cell type with another.