Chapter 4, Exam #2 HROB 101

Tracy is working on a project, the process for which was decided by her manager. She is aware that the process is inefficient and not the best way to do the project, but her manager insists that it gets done his way. Tracy is most probably suffering from a(n) _____.

cognitive dissonance error

Rex believes in the importance of first impressions so much so that he finds it difficult to change it even when presented with contrary evidence. Rex's perceptual bias is referred to as a(n) _____.

anchoring and adjustment error

George's repeated tardiness led his supervisor to cut it out of his paycheck. He was further warned that a repetition of this behavior would lead to a larger portion of his pay being cut. George could not afford to lose any more of his pay and decided to never be late for work again. Which of the following levels of moral development does George exemplify in this scenario?

Preconventional

Which of the following is true about the halo effect?

A single trait of a person influences the overall perception of him.

Person perceptions related to interpreting behavior are called:

Attributions

_____ are people's explanations of the causes of their behaviors or performance.

Attributions

is a formal written statement of an organization's primary values and the ethical rules it expects its members to follow

Code of ethics

_____ are attachments or bonds to people, actions, or organizations.

Commitments

_____ considers the results of an action before determining the ethical nature of the action.

Consequentialist theory

Here right and wrong are determined by social norms or external standards. In other words, "What is everyone else doing?"

Conventional

_____ is the innate or developed capability to recognize, manage, and exercise emotions in relationships.

Emotional intelligence

_____ is a term given to the display and management of appropriate emotions as part of fulfilling job responsibilities.

Emotional labor

_____ are affective states that arise in response to information or messages a person receives from specific sensory inputs.

Emotions

_____ allows us to read nonverbal messages and understand the emotional content of others' communications.

Empathy

consists of the formal and informal systems aimed at influencing the ethical behavior of organizational members.

Ethical culture

describes the informal shared perceptions of what are appropriate practices and procedures.

Ethics climate

Which of the following is a characteristic of a person at the preconventional level of moral development?

Ethics is determined by self-interest.

Which of the following is true of impression management?

It can contribute to higher performance ratings.

Which of the following is true of the ABC framework of attitudes?

It includes attitudes pertaining to behavioral intentions.

Which of the following statements is true of high organizational commitment?

It increases employees' emotional attachment toward an organization.

Which of the following best describes cognitive dissonance?

It is the uncomfortable mental state we experience if our behavior does not fit our perceptions or deeper beliefs.

Which of the following best defines the fundamental attribution error?

It refers to the act of attributing the source of another's behavior to personal factors instead of to the situation.

Which of the following statements is true of high emotional intelligence?

It results in decreased job turnover.

Which of the following statements is true of high emotional intelligence?

It results in increased commitment in employees.

Which of the following statements is true of high emotional intelligence?

It results in increased employee job satisfaction.

Which of the following is true of a sustainable perspective to emotions?

It should arise naturally from work environments that value emotion.

Which of the following statements is true of the sustainable organizational behavioral approach to perceptions?

It tends to loosen the perpetual anchors and adjust perceptions.

is the extent to which a person thinks about, is immersed in, and is concerned about his or her job.

Job Involvement

is a person's general attitude toward his or her job or job experiences.

Job satisfaction

The subjective interpretations we give to information and messages we receive from sensory inputs are called:

Perceptions

_____ are the subjective interpretations we give to information and messages we receive from sensory inputs.

Perceptions

Martha works as a senior manager in a financial consulting firm. When she deals with her subordinates, she understands and guides them using her morals to differentiate between right and wrong. Which of the following levels of personal moral development has Martha reached?

Postconventional

At which level of moral development are right and wrong determined by what is rewarded and punished?

Preconventional

_____ is the ability to recognize when emotional responses are triggered and by what.

Self-awareness

A dynamic condition of a person evident in what the person thinks or feels or the way the person acts is a definition of what term?

State

Which of the following statements best defines the term "ethics"?

They are a set of principles or standards that differentiate right from wrong.

Which of the following is true of attitudes in the context of organizational behavior?

They are summary evaluations of a particular object or individual.

Which of the following best describes emotional intelligence?

Understanding one's own emotions and the emotions of others

A moral point of view refers to:

a framework of values we use to develop our internally consistent and logically justified principles and standards of right and wrong.

Hannah and Alice are peers in a software company. Due to her workload, Hannah requests Alice to help her complete her project. Alice makes an mistake in the code that Hannah has to spend several days to fix. Hannah feels that Alice has made a mistake on purpose, while in reality, Alice has done it accidentally. This is an example of a(n) _____.

fundamental attribution error

The perceptual error that occurs when a person uses only one piece of known information to come to a general perception about another person is known as a(n) _____.

halo/horn effect error

Screening out information that contradicts an existing perception is known as a(n) _____.

selective perception error