Chapter 7: Networks: Mobile Business
War Driving
Deliberately searching for Wi-Fi signals while driving by in a vehicle
Hotspots
Designated locations where Wi-Fi access points are publicly available
What are three network categories
-MAN -WAN -LAN
Two benefits of network convergence
-One provider offering one bill, one point of contact, one customer support center. -Multiple services offered such as Internet access, VoIP, and IPTV.
What are the three primary wireless business applications?
-RFID -GIS -GPS
What are the two primary challenges associated with a network?
-Security issues -Social, ethical, and political issues
What are two major advantages of DSL over dial-up
-Users can simultaneously talk on the phone and use the internet -Faster transmittal speeds
Location-based services
Application that use location information to provide a service
Packet Header
Lists the destination along with the length of the message data
repeater
Receives and repeats a signal to extend its attenuation or range?
What are three measurements of bandwidth
-Gigabits -Kilobits -Megabits
What are the five primary networking elements?
-Network Categories -Network access technologies -Network providers -Network protocols -Network convergence
Three common uses of GIS in a business
-Sending information alerts -Finding what is nearby - Mapping quantities
What are two accurate statements about mobility and wireless communications
-Wireless refers to any type of operation accomplished without the use of a hard-wired connection -Mobile means the technology can travel with the user
Two major advantages of DSL over dial-up
-users can simultaneously talk on the phone and use the Internet -Faster transmittal speeds
Secure Hypertext Protocol (SHTTP or HTTPS)
A combination of HTTP and SSL to provide encryption and secure identification of an Internet Server
Metropolitan area network
A large computer network usually spanning a city
IP address
A unique number that identifies where computers are located on the network.
Geocoding
Coding process that assigns a digital map feature to an attribute that serves as a unique ID (tract number, node number) or classification (soil type, zoning category)
Local area network
Connects a group of computers in close proximity, such as in an office building, school, or home?
Peer-to-Peer (P2P)
Distributes digital video content using IP across the Internet and private IP networks; - A computer network that relies on the computing power and bandwidth of participants in the network rather than a centralized server
Internet Protocol (IPTV)
Distributes digital video content using IP across the internet and private IP networks
Wireless Access Point
Enables devices to connect to a wireless network to communicate with each other.
Asset Tracking
Occurs when a company places active or semi-passive RFID tags on expensive products or assets to gather data on the items' location within little or no manual intervention
Edge Matching (warping, rubber sheeting)
Occurs when paper maps are laid edge to edge and items that run across maps but do not match are reconfigured to match.
Regional service providers
Offers Internet service by connecting National Service Providers (NSPs), but they also can connect directly to each other
Packet Footer
Represents the end of the packet or transmission end
Unified Communications
The integration of communication channels into a single service
Traceroute
Utility application that monitors the network path of packet data sent to a remote computer
attenuation
Represents the loss of a network signal strength measured in decibels(dB) and occurs because the transmissions gradually dissipate in strength over longer distances or because of radio interference or physical obstructions such as walls?
What are three advantages of wireless networks
- Improves workflow -Provides mobile business opportunities -Increases location and monitoring capabilities
What are the 3 advantages of networking
- Sharing resources -Providing opportunities -Reducing travel
Four types of Internet access technologies
- T1 - DSL - Dial-Up - Cable
What are the four challenges associated with wireless networks
-Addressing privacy concerns with RFID and LBS -Protecting wireless connections -Protecting against theft -Preventing viruses on mobile devices
What are three ways a network provides opportunities to a company?
-Lowered entry barriers for start-ups -Tap potential customers online without hiring expensive marketing companies -Order parts electronically from suppliers
______________ tags do not have a power source, whereas _______________ active RFID tags have their own transmitter and a power source (typically a battery)
-Passive -Active
What are the four wireless communication network categories?
-Wireless local area networks -Wireless wide area networks -Wireless metropolitan area networks -Personal area networks
The three primary uses of an intranet
-business operations and management -web publishing -communication and collaboration
Geocache
A GPS technology adventure game that posts the longitude and latitude location for an item on the Internet for users to find
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax)
A communications technology aimed at providing high-speed wireless data over metropolitan area networks.
modem
A device that enables a computer to transmit and receive data
Broadband
A high-speed Internet connection that is always connected
Wireless Lan (WLAN)
A local area network that uses radio signals to transmit and receive data over distances of a few hundred feet
Streaming
A method of sending audio and video files over the Internet in such a way that the user can view the file while it it being transferred
Wireless Man (MAN)
A metropolitan area network that uses radio signals to transmit and receive data.
Intranet
A restricted network that relies on Internet technologies to provide an Internet-like environment within the company for information sharing, communications, collaboration, web publishing, and the support of business processes
Geocoin
A round coin-sized object, us uniquely numbered and hidden in geocache.
File Transfer Protocol
A simple network protocol that allows the transfer of files between two computers on the internet
Packet
A single unit of binary data routed through a network
Satellite
A space station that orbits the Earth receiving and transmitting signals from Earth-based stations over a wide area
Secure Sockets Layer
A standard security technology for establishing an encrypted link between a web server and a browser, ensuring that all data passed between them remain private.
RFID reader
A transmitter/receiver that reads the contents of RFID tags in the area
Wireless WAN (WWAN)
A wide area network that uses radio signals to transmit and receive data
Bluetooth
A wireless PAN technology that transmits signals over short distances among cell phones, computers, and other devices
Proxy
Software that prevents direct communication between a sending and receiving computer and is used to monitor packets for security reasons
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)
A wireless security protocol to protect Wi-Fi networks
Digital Divide
A worldwide gap giving advantage to those with access to technology
SSL Certificate
An electronic document that confirms the identity of a website or server and verifies that a public key belongs to a trustworthy individual or company
RFID tag
An electronic identification device that is made up of a chip and antenna
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)
An encryption algorithm designed to protect wireless transmission data
Virtual Private Network
Companies can establish direct private network links among themselves or create private, secure Internet access, in effect a "private tunnel" within the Internet
Domain Name System (DNS)
Converts IP addresses into domains, or identifying labels that use a variety of recognizable naming conventions
Wide area network
Spans a large geographic area such as a state, province, or country?
Protocol
Standard that specifies the format of data as well as the rules to be followed during transmission
Spatial data (geospatial data or geographic information)
Identifies the geographic location of features and boundaries on Earth, such as natural or constructed features, oceans, and more.
Geographic Information System
Stores, vies, and analyzes geographic data creating, multidimensional charts or maps
Wifi-Infrastructure
Includes the inner workings of a Wi-Fi service or utility, including the signal transmitters, towers, or poles, along with additional equipment required to send out a Wi-Fi signal.
GIS map automation
Links business assets to a centralized system where they can be tracked and monitored over time
Bandwidth
Measured in terms of a bit rate (or data rate) or the number of bits transferred or received per unit of time
Bandwidth
Measures network performance and represents the maximum amount of data that can pass from one point to another in a unit of time
WAP with ____________ technology have multiple transmitters and receivers, allowing them to send and receive greater amounts of data than traditional networking devices.
Multiple-In/ Multiple- Out (MIMO)
Wireless Fidelity
Portable devices can connect wirelessly to a local area network, using access points that send and receive data via radio waves.
National Service Providers
Private companies that own and maintain the worldwide backbone that supports the Internet
High-speed Internet cable connections
Provides Internet access using a cable television company's infrastructure and a special cable modem
Personal Area Network (PAN)
Provides communication for devices owned by a single user that work over a short distance
Digital Subscriber Line
Provides high speed digital data transmission over standard telephone lines using broadband modem technology, allowing both Internet and telephone services to work over the same telephone lines.
Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
Provides the technical foundation for the public Internet as well as for large numbers of private networks.
Access Point
The computer or network device that serves as an interface between devices and the network
Network Convergence
The efficient coexistence of telephone, video, and data communication within a single network, offering convenience and flexibility not possible with separate infrastructures
War Chalking
The practice of tagging pavement with codes displaying where Wi-Fi access is available
bit or binary unit
The smallest element of data and has a value of either 0 or 1
Packet header Packet footer Packet body
Three parts of the standard packet format
Virtual workforce Telecommunicating
Two terms that represent users working from remote locations, such as home or a hotel, using high-speed Internet to access business applications and data
Broadband modem Cable modem
Two types of digital modem used with high-speed cable Internet Service
Semi- Passive RFID tags
Use a battery to run the microchip's circuitry, but communicate by drawing power from the RFID reader
Chipless RFID tags
Use plastic or conductive polymers instead of silicon-based micro-chips, allowing them to be washed or exposed to water without damaging the chip.
Voice over IP
Uses IP technology to transmit telephone calls
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
Uses electronic tags and labels to identify objects wirelessly over short distances
Broadband over power line
What technology makes possible high-speed Internet access over ordinary residential electrical lines and offers and alternative DSL or high-speed cable modem?
An extranet is an extension of an ______________ that is available only to authorized outsiders, such as customers, partners, and suppliers.
intranet
Automatic vehicle location (AVL)
uses GPS tracking to track vehicles