CIT 214

Which of the following types of database management storage is the most common in business applications today?

Relational

The database design that consists of multiple tables that are linked together through matching data stored in each table is called a

Relational database

Which tool is commonly deployed today as a Web service to support user access with a Web browser from almost any location?

Report writer

An n-ary association

Represents an association or event that involves more than two entities.

UML stands for _________

Unified Modeling Library

Typical object-oriented features in a database design, such as those involving inheritance, are shown on a class diagram using

a relationship line with a small unfilled triangle.

The ability to create new composite properties from existing ones is called a(n) ______________.

abstract data type

Which of the following is not a primary advantage of using a DBMS for business application development?

Rapid access to unique objects that constantly change

If the relationship is optional than the minimum value of the multiplicity is equal to _____.

1

Which of the following symbols commonly represents the value 'many' of the multiplicity?

*

A business rule states that a patient can be supported by several insurance companies, and of course insurance companies have many clients/patients. These rules would be represented best by which of the following relationships (where */underline indicate a key).

*PatientID, *InsuranceID

Which data type is best suited to storing CustomerID values for a large company that sells directly to the public?

32-bit integer

Which of the following statements is true regarding generated keys in a database design?

A generated key column is always the primary key in a table.

The most important features of a DBMS include all of the following except

A report writer to build custom application reports.

In a database diagram, which of the following designs is always wrong?

A table with a primary key that includes a generated key column and a second column.

Large projects are more difficult to design because:

A. Communication with a large number of users is more difficult. B. Communication between IT workers must increase. C. Staff and employee turnover during the middle of the project is common. D. Monitoring the design process becomes more important and more difficult. Correct! E. All of the above.

Which of the following database management systems is better than the others for almost all applications?

A. Oracle B. SQL Server C. IBM DB2 D. MySQL Correct Answer E. None of the above.

The date data type should be used for all dates instead of text for which of the following reason(s)?

A. The DBMS and queries can perform data arithmetic on dates such as adding days. B. Input forms have the ability to display calendars to enter dates. C. The DBMS validates dates as they are entered. D. Forms can support regional date methods for international differences. Correct! E. All of the above

Database applications often can be developed faster than custom programming in part because a DBMS includes

A. a form builder that quickly create forms to display and edit data in the database. B. a report writer to create reports with custom layouts and subtotals. C. a query engine to retrieve data to answer complex questions. D. security controls to assign access rights and protect the data. **E. All of the above.

Which of the following is a special type of association?

A. aggregation B. composition C. generalization Correct! D. all of the above

A class diagram displays ________________

A. classes B. records C. relationships Correct! D. both A and C

Class diagram contains ________

A. entities B. associations C. multiplicities Correct Answer D. all of the above

Which of the following categories is/are included in the feasibility study of the project?

A. ongoing costs B. strategic advantages C. reduced operating costs Correct Answer D. all of the above

Two of the features commonly provided by object or object-relational databases are

Abstract data types and subtables

A primary key consisting of the two columns * EmployeeID, * OfficeID indicates which of the following relationships?

An employee has many offices and an office can have many employees.

Which of the following is the common type of models used in database design?

object models

It is possible to store an employee photograph within a database table in most DBMSs by assigning the data type:

Binary large object.

Events are actions that are dependent on _____

time

Which of the following is the SQL command that creates tables?

CREATE TABLE

Many Web applications store complex data in key-value pairs and need rapid access to large volumes of data. An open-source DBMS specifically designed to handle these loads is

Cassandra

A data column containing the price of an item should be assigned a data type of

Currency or money.

In business applications which of the following relationships is most commonly a many-to-many relationship?

Customer - Item purchased

Which of the following is not one of the major types of business events involved in a database application?

DBMS events such as upgrading the DBMS software.

Two database columns with the following relationship * CarID, DriverID indicates which of the following business rules?

Data can be kept for only one driver for a given car.

The collection of data that is stored in a standardized format, designed to be shared by multiple users and accessed through a standardized software interface capable of managing multiple files as a single integrated entity is known as a

Database

The primary sequence of steps to follow when building a database-driven application are:

Database design -> queries -> forms and reports applications

The phase of a new database project that involves defining tables, relationships, forms, reports and application programs is called the

Design phase

Because relational databases split data into separate tables, application forms often use ________ to make it easier for users to select data stored in a different table.

Drop down or lookup lists

Using the Daily Production Report, what would be the primary key column(s) in a Production table that links the entities together to facilitate rebuilding the report?

EmployeeID + WorkstationID + ItemID + ShiftID

The phase of a new database project that involves evaluating business needs, possible benefits and estimated costs of hardware and software within the organization is called the

Feasibility study

The primary steps in formal application development, particularly for large projects, are:

Feasibility, Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation

A business HRM application needs to have job applicants enter personal data that will then be evaluated by HRM employees and shared within the company for job searches. This specific part of the application is best built using which tool?

Form generator

Scheduling for large complex projects is often tracked using

GANTT charts.

Which of the following is not a common development issue on large projects?

Handling large sets of data.

Which database management approach is closest to a filing cabinet system where data is sorted and retrieved from the top-down?

Hierarchical

What is the normal sequence of operations in designing a database application?

Identify business rules, define tables and relationships, create input forms and reports, integrate features into applications for users

All of the following are the initial steps in database design except ________

Identify hardware requirements

A key first step in designing databases is

Identifying business rules

What is the biggest disadvantage of the hierarchical database approach?

It is difficult to search for records in the middle or in the bottom of hierarchy

The most important characteristic of a primary key in a table is that

It must be unique in all cases.

Which of the following would make the best primary key for a Customer table?

Last name + First name.

For database design, a class diagram needs to include all of the following elements except

Methods for every class, particularly common items such as insert and delete.

In considering the advantages of the database approach compared with the pre-1970s systems of individual flat files, we often point to the reduction of data duplication across multiple files. This advantage is best described as

Minimal data redundancy

Which DBMS tool is commonly employed to enable users to explore data on their own, particularly large amounts of data?

Online analytical processing (OLAP)

The most common query system in use today is

SQL

In a common business feasibility study, which of the following costs are largely fixed (not over time)?

Software development

Database design for business applications is often challenging, primarily because

The database design has to match the business rules and assumptions.

The number of tables or classes in a database design greatly depends on

The number of one-to-many business relationships.

In a database design, business rules are represented in all of the following ways except

The number of rows of data in each table.

All of the following are elements that made the relational database the predominant method for storing data, except ___________.

The relational database concept was similar to the hierarchical database

One of the greatest problems in creating a class diagram is that

The solution depends on the business assumptions which must be identified.

The main difference between the char and varchar data types is

The varchar type allocates space only for the number of characters entered.

In a class diagram, the multiplicity values are determined by

The way the business operates.

Using the Daily Production Report, which of the following tables should contain the Machine column?

Workstation

Multiplicity is the property of the __________

association

Which of the following is defined as a relationship between two or more classes?

association

Which data type can be used to store photographs in a database table?

blob

Database relationships represent _____________

business rules

An entity listed with its properties is called a(n) _____

class

The _____________ holds the definitions of all of the data tables.

data dictionary

Which of the following is not an advantage of database management systems?

data redundancy

Which component of the development process changes the most frequently?

data values

What of the following is the most important part of the DBMS?

database engine

Which data type takes the most bytes of storage space for each item stored?

date

Which of the following data types cannot hold text/alphabetic values?

decimal

A business _____ contains _____ to describe features of items for which data needs to be collected.

entity, attributes

Which of the following is a variation of a class diagram?

entity-relationship diagram

The earliest database architecture was based on a(n) ______________?

hierarchical database

Generalization generates a class __________

hierarchy

Which of the following is the first step of application development?

identify user requirements

The process of deriving more detailed classes from the base class is called ____________.

inheritance

In Microsoft SQL Server, to define a generated key column, the data type set for the column is

int

The difference between a "database" and a "database management system" is that the database

is just the data stored in an accessible format.

When a primary key includes multiple columns, each of the underlined columns has a(n) _____ relationship with the other columns.

many

Using the Daily Production Report, what is the multiplicity of a relationship between Employee and Item?

many-to-many

Which of the following types of relationships between two tables is not directly supported by relational database?

many-to-many

Data _____________ is the process of defining tables properly to provide flexibility, reduce redundancy and ensure data integrity.

normalization

If a database is going to be used for a Web site that needs to support multiple languages, text columns should be stored using the data type:

nvarchar

When a derived class defines the same function as a base class, it is known as ___________

polymorphism

In common business feasibility studies for information technology projects, a common source of benefits is

reduced costs due to fewer workers.

An association where a column in one table connects to a second column in the same table is known as:

reflexive

Which of the following better describes data independence?

separation of data definitions from the program

A ______________ is used to indicate a generalization relationship.

small unfilled triangle

All of the following are examples of a generic data domain except _________.

sound

A relational database is a collection of carefully defined _____ organized for a common purpose.

tables

The default data type for database table column generally is a _______

text

Dates are stored in a DBMS as ____

text values

If there is a relationship between two tables, this indicates that

the data contained in the two tables are related to each other in some way.

One potentially significant drawback to using a DBMS to store and retrieve data is

the loss of performance due to the overhead of the DBMS and consistency routines.

A hospital database has a system that automatically causes new pharmacy supplies to be ordered when they fall below a predetermined stock level. Such a procedure is known in database theory as a

trigger