DMS 110 Final Exam
The primary component of the white pulp is
Malpighian corpuscles
What is the echogenicity of the epididymis?
Medium level echoes
Intraperitoneal structures are connected to the cavity wall by the
Mesentery
What happens to the right and left portal vein branches?
The right branches into anterior and posterior segments, and the left branches into medial and lateral segments.
Which of the following statements is incorrect about the adult thyroid gland?
The thyroid parenchyma is composed of connective tissue and masses of chief cells.
Which statement most accurately describes the anatomic relationships of the ovary, the ureter, and the internal iliac vessels?
The ureter and internal iliac vessels both lie posterior to the ovary.
Which of the following statements is incorrect about the parathyroid glands?
They generally have a multilobulated shape.
The space where fluid may occasionally be visible in a shallow space located between the urinary bladder and the anterior wall of the uterus is termed
anterior cul-de-sac or vesicouterine pouch
When the urinary bladder is empty, the uterine position is described as
anteverted
The main lobar fissure represents a
boundary between the right and left lobes
Right lower quadrant pain" is an example of
clinical history.
The removal of abnormal red blood cells is called
culling
The largest branch of the thyrocervical trunk is the
inferior thyroid artery
Chronic pancreatitis" is an example of
interpretive report
A signed informed consent form is required from patients for
invasive procedures.
The lesser sac
is a diverticulum of the greater sac located posterior to the stomach.
In a transverse scanning plane image, the left renal vein can be seen as a(n)
longitudinal, curvilinear structure anterior to the aorta.
The ___________ phase is the best time to observe blood flow within the ovary.
luteal
The echogenicity of the spleen can be described as
medium-level echoes
The echogenicity of the liver can be described as
medium-level echoes.
The crura of the diaphragm are
muscular bands that arise from the lumbar vertebrae and insert into the diaphragm
The trace function
outlines circumference measurements
The temperature of the testes is regulated by the
pampiniform plexus.
The largest portion of the glandular prostate is the
peripheral zone
At the midepigastrium, in the transverse view, the order of structures, from midline to right, is
portal vein, head of the pancreas, duodenum, liver, and gallbladder.
Lu The Worklist electronic program allows sonographers to
query for patient demographic information from the ultrasound system.
The TGC control can strengthen echoes that are
returning from deep tissues.
Sagittal planes divide the body into unequal
right and left sections.
The median raphe divides the
scrotum into two testicles.
The portions of the large intestine contained within the true pelvis are the
sigmoid colon and rectum.
Venous flow in the lower extremities is accomplished primarily by means of
skeletal muscle contractions
Which anatomic area is NOT seen on a transverse scanning plane image?
superior
"Splenomegaly" is an example of
technical observation
Tributaries of the portal vein include which vessels?
All of the these
Tributaries of the portal vein include which vessels?
All of these
Which of the following statements is incorrect about the parathyroid glands and parathyroid adenomas?
Approximately 35% of parathyroid glands are ectopic.
"Right lower quadrant pain" is an example of
Clinical history
Long axis measurements are taken in either the sagittal or coronal scanning plane.
False
Obstruction of a salivary gland may cause a decrease in amylase and lipase.
False
Only alkaline fluid is produced by the seminal vesicles.
False
Portal venography can detect the direction and magnitude of flow within a portal vein.
False
Teleradiology involves radiologic consultations done within the imaging center where an examination was performed.
False
The apex of the medullary pyramid sits within a major calyx.
False
The bifurcation of the left portal vein is best seen in a sagittal scanning plane.
False
The bifurcation of the right portal vein is best seen in a sagittal scanning plane.
False
The cystic artery passes posterior to the common hepatic duct and anterior to the common duct
False
The exocrine function of the pancreas is carried out by the beta cells.
False
The free inferior margin of the left lobe lies adjacent to the hepatic flexure.
False
The longest axis of the spleen is along the eighth rib.
False
The most inferior portion of the common bile duct is called the infraduodenal portion.
False
The musculoskeletal system controls most functions throughout the body through voluntary and involuntary muscle signaling.
False
The office responsible for implementation of Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments, policies, quality, clinical, medical sciences issues, surveys and certification of programs is the Commissions of Office Laboratory Accreditation (COLA).
False
The portal triad is made up of hepatic arteries, bile ducts, and superior mesenteric veins.
False
The prostate atrophies due to benign changes and infection.
False
The right hepatic duct is routinely seen on ultrasound.
False
The role of ultrasound in pelvis imaging is to determine the whether a mass is benign or malignant
False
The spleen is a retroperitoneal organ.
False
The transabdominal approach is superior for scanning the seminal vesicles and prostate compared to the transrectal approach.
False
The transition zone lines the proximal prostatic urethra.
False
The walls of the hepatic veins are brightly echogenic.
False
There are three components to each renal lobe.
False
There is a specific patient position that is best for visualization of each organ.
False
There is a mass in the anterior portion of the left lobe of the liver, but the borders are not well resolved. Which control should the sonographer adjust?
Frequency
Which group of structures is intraperitoneal in location?
Gallbladder, stomach, and ovaries
Which of the following is the outermost layer of the ovary?
Germinal epithelium
Which of the following laboratory values measure how well the kidneys remove waste and excess fluid from the blood?
Glomerular filtration rate
The adult male and female urethras measure, respectively,
20 cm and 4 cm.
The diameter of the cystic duct is
3 mm
The length, depth, and diameter of a normal neonatal kidney are
3.5 to 5 cm, 1.5 to 2.5 cm, and 2 to 3 cm, respectively.
The diameter of the cystic duct is
3mm
Semen is composed of
60% alkaline fructose, 13% to 33% alkaline fluid, and sperm.
The portal system supplies _____ of the total blood flow to the liver.
75%
In an adult, the spleen is composed primarily of red blood cells.
False
What is the echogenicity of the renal capsule?
high level echoes
What is the echogenicity of the renal sinus?
high level echoes
Excess fluid between the two layers of the tunica vaginalis is termed
hydrocele
The sonographic appearance of the normal parathyroid glands generally is
hypoechoic compared with the thyroid gland.
The length of the right and left hepatic ducts is
0.5 to 2.5 cm.
The normal main portal vein measures up to
13 mm in diameter and 5 to 6 cm long.
The length of the common hepatic duct is
2 to 6.5 mm
Which of the following ligaments are not true ligaments and only provide minimal support?
Broad ligaments
LD levels in the blood are examined to determine abnormalities in the function of the pancreas.
False
Which areas are posterior to the periurethral zone?
Central zone, peripheral zone, and seminal vesicles
__________________ is a soft, waxy substance found in all body parts and is needed for proper bodily function.
Cholesterol
Proximal to the ________________, the left portal vein takes a C-shaped, superior course in the liver.
Falciform ligament
Proximal to the ________________, the left portal vein takes a C-shaped, superior course in the liver.
Falform ligament
.Vermiform is a wormlike motion that moves contents along the large bowel.
False
A hystersalpingography is an endoscopic procedure that allows visualization of the interior of the uterine walls.
False
A water-filled stomach makes the pancreas more difficult to visualize.
False
Alkaline, viscous fructose is produced by the prostate gland.
False
At birth, the adrenal glands are as large as the kidneys but then rapidly shrink.
False
Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream.
False
Following the main portal vein, the gallbladder is seen just superior to the right portal vein.
False
What is the echogenicity of the cavernosal arterial walls?
High echogenicity
What is the echogenicity of the mediastinum testis?
High echogenicity
What is the echogenicity of the septum penis?
High echogenicity
Which of the following statements about an IUD is incorrect?
IUDs are implanted under the skin of the upper arm.
Which of the following statements is incorrect about the thyroid gland?
In cross section, it is outlined anteriorly by the longus colli muscle and the internal jugular vein.
Which of the following statements is incorrect about the thyroid gland?
In cross section, it is outlined posterolaterally by the common carotid artery (CCA) and internal jugular vein (IJV), and anteriorly by the longus colli muscle.
I The quadratus lumborum muscle is a bilateral muscle tissue that is ________ to the psoas major muscle.
Lateral
Which of the following is an accessory organ to the digestive system?
Liver
Which of the following neck muscles located posterior to the thyroid gland?
Longus colli muscle (LCM
What is the echogenicity of the spermatic cord?
Low-level echoes
The epididymal head is connected to which portion of the testis?
Superior
Where should the transducer be placed to visualize the common iliac veins?
Near the umbilicus
Which of the following produces the hormones estrogen and progesterone in females?
Ovarian follicles
Which of the following is the correct order of the arterial blood supply to the kidney?
Renal artery, segmental artery, interlobar artery, arcuate artery, interlobular artery
Which of the following ligaments maintain the forward bend of the uterus?
Round ligaments
Industry Standards for the Prevention of WRMSD injuries in sonography were first introduced by the
SDMS
Which artery is a branch of the splenic artery?
Short gastric artery
Which of the following statements is incorrect about the size and shape of the thyroid gland?
Shorter, obese patients tend to have oval lateral lobes measuring less than 3.5 cm.
The part of the prostate that provides an exit for the urethra is
The apex
Which statement describes the structures closely related to the head of the pancreas?
The common bile duct is posterolateral, and the gastroduodenal artery is anterolateral.
Which statement best describes the anteroposterior dimensions of the pancreas?
The head is 2 to 3 cm; the neck is 1.5 to 2.5 cm; the body is 2 to 3 cm; and the tail is 1 to 2 cm.
A body system's function may serve as an accessory function to another body system.
True
A routine diet of high fat meals can cause elevated ALP.
True
Behavioral modification techniques are useful in the prevention of presbyopia.
True
Blood samples to evaluate lactate dehydrogenase may be drawn from either a vein or from body fluid such as a spinal tap.
True
Delayed puberty in males may be attributed to elevated estrogen
True
Echoes thought to be associated with blood flow sometimes can be seen in the IVC.
True
If the bone marrow in the musculoskeletal system cannot replace dying red blood cells, the urinary system steps in and produces new red blood cells
True
In a relaxed state, the normal heart rate is 70 to 90 beats a minute.
True
In a transverse scanning plane, the main portal vein initially appears in an axial section as an oval, anechoic structure.
True
Ketones are most commonly is associated with fat metabolism.
True
PACS is a computer technology system that unites the HIS and RIS and stores digital images
True
Pancreatic juice is comprised of nucleic acids and also enzymes that help digest fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.
True
Patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism develop hypercalcemia.
True
Testicular cancer can cause elevated hCG levels.
True
The IVC is posterior to the intestines
True
The advantages of the Radiology Information System include appointment scheduling and the use of work lists.
True
The endocrine system secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate reproduction, growth and development, metabolism, blood sugar levels, stress response, and ovulation
True
The group or party that has the greatest responsibility to provide working conditions that reduce and eliminate a sonographer's chance of work-related injury is the employer
True
The hilar area of the spleen is not covered by peritoneum.
True
The left common iliac vein is easily seen on ultrasound
True
The presence of an extrathyroidal artery leading to an abnormal parathyroid gland aids the detection of an otherwise inconspicuous parathyroid adenoma
True
The spleen is posterolateral to the pancreatic tail and part of the large intestine.
True
When imaging or describing the glandular prostate, the best technique to describe the prostate is to use
Zones
Blood is moved forward through the veins by
a decrease in thoracic pressure, which pulls the blood to the right atrium.
The body pattern control
displays body pattern to indicate patient positioning
The epididymis empties into the
ductus deferens.
Spermatozoa exit the testis through the
efferent ducts.
The greater sac
extends from the diaphragm to the pelvis and covers the width of the abdomen
The liver metabolizes
fats, carbohydrates, proteins
The percentage of red blood cells per volume of blood is termed
hematocrit
The prostate is supported by
the obturator internus and levator ani muscles.
The frequency control ensures that
tissue resolution is adequate
The penis is composed of
two corpora cavernosa dorsolaterally and one corpus spongiosum midventrally
The congenital malformation recognized sonographically by a midline myometrial septum within the endometrial canal is known as
uterus subseptus.
The component of the spleen that is responsible for immune functions is
white pulp