DOMAIN 4: Advanced Application of Key Safety Concepts

CE marking on an electrical product?

Conforms to European Union HSE protection standards

GHS Signal Words?

Danger = Severe hazards Warning = less severe hazards

What situatino would indicate seepage through the core wall on the downstream side of an earthen impounding reservoir water collection dam/berm?

Exposed gravel showing on downstream slope

Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)

Exposure limit published & enforced by OSHA as a legal standard over an 8-hour average

Pitot Tube Manometer

- does not require calibration - mechanical, not electricity needed, safe in explosive enviro - output in velocity pressure (VP) - input = TP and SP - must convert VP to V

pH

-log[H+]

Clo^a correction factors

0.6 for summer lightweight working clothing 1.0 for cotton coveralls 1.2 for permeable water barrier 1.4 for winter work clothing

Describe the 5 classes of lasers

1 = output level below where eye injuries can occur 2 = emit visible light. max output of 1 mW. Natural blinking should protect. 3A = max output of 5 mW. similar to 2, but hazardous when viewed w/ binoculars 3B = max output of 500mW (can cause eye injury) 4 = can cause injury to eye and skin. fire hazard.

Full-face respirator protection factor

1,000 when used in positive-pressure mode

OSHA's Fatal Four

1. Falls = 33% 2. Struck by = 22% 3. Caught in/between = 18% 4. Electrical = 17%

The conditions most common to crane side loading are:

1. Load is dragged 2. Crane is not level 3. High winds

Types of effects from combining chemicals:

1. Synergistic - combination greater than the sum 2. Additive - equal to sum 3. Antagonistic - subtraction 4. Potentiating - 0 = 1

Types of severity:

1. negligible 2. marginal 3. catastrophic (death) 4. critical (permanent disability)

Chemical hazards generally divided into what groups?

1. toxic 2. reactive 3. corrosive 4. flammable

Infrared-B wavelength

1.4 micrometers to 3 micrometers

Packed towers wet collector has pressure drop off of...?

1.5 to 3.5 in wg. Typically used by chemical industry for gas absorption and toxic dust.

how quickly will a GFCI trip?

1/40th of a second

Current the body can withstand?

10 mA = still maintain control >75 mA = ventricular fibrillation 4 A = heart paralysis

Venturi type wet collector has pressure drop-off of...?

10 to 15 in. wg

SCBA protection factor

10,000 when used in positive-pressure mode

The rated load of a crane should not exceed the original capacity specified by _____.

125%

Asbestos became outlawed when

1980

Spray chamber wet collector has pressure drop off of...?

2.5 to 6 in wg. oldest type of wet collector.

Wet centrifugal collectors have pressure drop of...?

2.5 to 6 in wg. use a combination of centrifugal force and water contact to capture dust particles.

Farfar-infrared (IR-C)

3 micrometers to 1,000 micrometers

Pareto principle

80/20 rule. focus where efforts will accomplish the most good

ABCD of Fall Arrest

A = Anchorage B = Body wear C = Connector D = Deceleration device

What is a data logger?

A data logger is an electronic instrument used to take measurements from sensors and store those measurements for future use. Some common measurements include temperature, pressure, current, velocity, strain, displacement, and other physical phenomena.

How does a data logger work?

A data logger works with sensors to covert physical phenomena and stimuli into electronic signals such as voltage or current. These electronic signals are then converted, or digitized into binary data. The binary data is then easily analyzed by software and stored on a PC hard drive or on other storage media such as memory cards.

ACM

Asbestos Containing Material (more than 1%)

BLEVE

Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion

Which substance is the standard to which most other substances are compared in regard to evaporation rate?

Butylacetate

NFPA 70 (NEC)

Class I = flammable gases/vapors/liquids Class II = combustible dust Class III = location

Who regulates compressed gas breathing air?

Compressed Gas Association - Grade D

How are fan speed, TP, SP, and HP related to CFM?

Fan speed = direct TP/SP = square of the fan speed HP = cube of the fan speed

Test for formaldehyde?

Filters + Impingers and Visible Absorption Spectrometry

Minimum foot-candles for general construction? First-aid stations?

GC = 5 foot candles First Aid = 30 foot candles

NIOSH Carcinogicity

Group 1 = it is carcinogenic Group 2A = it is probably carcinogenic Group 2B = it is possibly carcinogenic Group 3 = Unclassifiable Group 4 = Probably not carcinogenic

What principle does a combustible gas indicator operate on?

Heat of combustion

near-infrared radiation

Invisible, feels warm 700nm to 1400nm.

Scotoma

Loss of vision in a portion of the visual field resulting from damage to the retina where radiation is absorbed.

NFPA 101 Life Safety Code classifications of the building/structure based on hazard of contents:

Low Hazard = seldom. low combustibility that no self-propagating fire can occur Ordinary Hazard = Likely to burn with moderate rapidity or give off a considerable volume of smoke High Hazard = likely to burn with extreme rapidity and explosions are likely

TD_LO

Lowest dose of a substance (introduced by a route other than inhalation) over a given period of time, and reported to produce any toxic effect in humans

What construction material is denoted by "Scheduling"

Piping (schedule 40 and 80 are common)

Tagout devices

Minimum unlocking strength of 50 pounds.

Proper order of atmospheric testing in a confined space:

Oxygen --> Flammability (10%+ of LFL) --> Toxicity (exceeding PEL)

What is the most important factor to successful design of an exhaust hood?

Rate of airflow through the hood. Also depends on location and shape of the hood

What sections of the SDS will OSHA not enforce?

Section 12 = Ecological info Section 13 = Disposal considerations Section 14 = Transportation info Section 15 = Regulatory info

Safety Data Sheets have how many sections?

Sixteen

What is the major benefit of a data logger with industrial hygiene monitoring devices?

The ability to take sensors measurements and store the data for future use is, by definition, a characteristic of a data logger. However, a data-logging application rarely requires only data acquisition and storage. Inevitably, you need the ability to analyze and present the data to determine results and make decisions based on the logged data.

Electrical Bonding

The permanent joining of metallic parts to form an electrically conductive path that ensures electrical continuity and the capacity to conduct safely any current likely to be imposed.

Three types of soil

Type A = compressive strength of 1.5 ton per square foot (tsf) or greater (53 degree slope) Type B = 0.5 < tsf < 1.5 (45 degree slope) Type C = tsf < 0.5 (34 degree slope)

What instrument is used for measuring air velocity in the opening of a spray booth?

Velometer (aka Swinging Vane Anemometer)

Proof Testing

a product is subjected to a load or pressure of some determined magnitude (generally equal to or greater than the designed capacity or the condition expected during operation).

Q Fever

affects meat and livestock handlers. rickettsial organism. similar to tick fever

Byssinosis

affects those who work in cotton mills

What does NaOH corrode easily?

aluminum, lead, and zinc

Soft tree

analysis of cut sets identifying single-point and multiple-case failures in a software system

Sodium Hydroxide hazards

cause considerable heat. when mixed with water or solvents it can produce fire/explosions

Perchloric Acid (HClO4) is common used:

chemical, electroplating and fireworks industries. For vent hoods, use stainless steel with rounded corners and all-welded construction

Audiometric tests must be maintained for

duration of employment

Best option for protecting operators from a pinch point?

fixed guard with interlocks

What task needs the greatest capture velocity?

grinding, abrasive blasting, tumbling

Ficke's Law

has to do with diffusion and permation

Standardized GHS elements:

hazard pictograms hazard statements signal words

Purpose of crane outriggers?

improve the stability of a crane

Fall Restraint is used to....

keep an employee from reaching a fall point

Pyrophoric liquids and solids

liable to ignite within 5 minutes after contact with air. only 1 category

LASER acronym

light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

If two supports on steel in concrete, where should steel be placed?

low

Define water solubility

max concentration of a solute that can be carried in water under equilibrium

Define osmosis

molecules pass through semipermeable membrane from less concentrated to more concentrated.

FMEA requires (more/less) time than an FTA?

more

Convert LEL % to parts per million

multiply by a million

Ames test measures?

mutagenicity

When testing for cholinesterase inhibitors, what do you look for in the blood?

organophosphates

UN packing symbol means

packaging conforms to performance requirements for shipment.

Define a cut set

point(s) at which the system can be cut to ensure non-operation

If flat bottom tank needs to be purged, what is best method?

purging because it cannot hold pressure

Delphi technique

purpose is to elicit info and judgements from participants to facilitate problem-solving, planning, and decision making

Particulate respirators

required for grinding operations. do not protect against gases or vapors. Generally become more effective as particles accumulate on the filter and plug spaces between the fibers.

Metal carbonates react with acids to produce:

salt, water, and carbon dioxide

Define permeation

sorption of the chemical into the surface of the material, diffusion through the amterial, and desorption on the opposite side

Threshold Limit Value (TLV)

the concentration of a given toxic material that generally may be tolerated without ill effects

Define convection

the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat.

Raoult's Law

when a nonvolatile solute is added to a solvent, vapor pressure of the solvent decreases in proportion to the concentration of the solute. Boiling temperature increases

PSM investigations must be done:

within 48 hours

Anthrax affects what type of worker

wool workers