Elbow & Radioulnar Joint
Anterior Muscles
Biceps Brachii Brachialis Brachioradialis Pronator Teres
ulna
Brachialis is a pure elbow flexor because it pulls directly on the ____, which does not rotate
triceps brachii
___ __ is strongly activated during parallel bar dips, push ups (when hands are placed together), all resisted elbow extension exercises in upright and supine position, close grip bench pressing
long head
___ ___ of triceps is activated when maximal levels of resistance are encountered
curl
___ movements performed against resistance strengthens the Biceps Brachii compound movements such as chin ups, lat pull downs and rowing motions require bicep brachii involvement when forearm is in supination
Hammer curls
____ ___ are an effective strengthening exercise for the brachioradialis
Elbow Joint
articulation of the distal humerus, proximal end of ulna and radius
Anterior Wrist Muscles
Pronator Quadratus
flexion extension
elbow joint movement patterns ____ ____
Triceps Brachii Long Head action
extension and adduction of the humers
Triceps Brachii action
extension of the elbow
eccentric contraction
if triceps brachii function is lost, elbow extension could still be achieved through ___ __ of elbow flexors
Triceps Brachii Long Head Origin
infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Brachialis
is fully activated regardless of whether the forearm is supination, or pronation, or b/w
Pronator Quadratus
is most active when forearm pronation is occuring simultaneously with elbow extension
Anconeus Origin
lateral condyle of humerus
Supinator Origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus and adjacent posterior portion of the ulna
pronator quadratus
loosening a screw with a screwdriver with right hand involves the ___ ___
Pronator Teres Insertion
middle 1/3 of the lateral surface of radius
humerus ulna
most of the elbow motions involve movements between the the articular surfaces of the ___ and ___
Anconeus Insertion
olecranon process and upper 1/4 of posterior ulna
Triceps Brachii Insertion
olecranon process of the ulna
Brachioradialis Insertion
Styloid process of radius on lateral surface at distal end
Elbow joint
classified as ginglymus or hinge joint (moves in only one direction)
Brachialis Insertion
coronoid process of ulna
Brachialis Origin
distal 1/2 of humeral shaft
Pronator Quadratus Insertion
distal 1/4 of anterior radius
Pronator Quadratus Origin
distal 1/4 of anterior ulna
Triceps Brachii Medial Head Origin
distal 2/3 of the posterior surface of humerus
Brachioradialis Origin
distal 2/3 of the supracondylar (lateral condyloid) ridge of humerus
Pronator Teres Origin
distal medial condyloid ridge of humerus and medial side of proximal ulna
Pronator Teres Action
pronation of forearm and weak flexion of elbow
Pronator Quadratus Action
pronation of the forearm
ulnar nerve
provides sensory distribution to the medial aspect of hand and is susceptible to compression against the humerus during hard elbow contact
pronation supination
radioulnar movement patterns ___ ___
brachialis
referred to as the workhorse of elbow flexion
Supinator Action
supination of the forearm
triceps brachii
the anconeus works with the ____ ___ to extend the elbow
synovial membrane
the anconeus's chief function is to pull the ___ __ of the elbow joint out of the way of advancing olecranon process during elbow extension
prime mover
the biceps brachii is a __ __ for supination, especially when elbow is flexed
2 joint
the biceps brachii is a ___ ___ muscle because both heads cross the elbow and shoulder joints
supination
the biceps brachii is primarily an elbow flexor, most specifically when the forearm is in _____ (has to deal with line of pull)
largest
the brachialis has the _____ cross-sectional size of all elbow flexors, and therefore has the greatest force generation potential
midway
the brachioradialis is an elbow flexor but its most effective line of pull is with the forearm ____ between Pronation and supination i.e. thumbs up
anterior posterior radial collateral ulnar collateral
the capsule that encloses both radioulnar joints are lined by synovial membrane and are stengthened by these ligaments:
Biceps Brachii Short Head Origin
the coracoid process of the scapula
larger
the distal end of radius is ____ than the distal end of ulna
radioulnar
the glenohumeral joints move in synergy to support _____ movements
Supinator Insertion
the lateral surface of the proximal radius just below the head
pronate supinate
the muscles that ____ and ____ the radioulnar joint have proximal attachments on the scapula, humerus, and ulna and distal attachment on radius
scapula humerus
the muscles that flex and extend elbow have proximal attachments on the ___ and ___ and distal attachments on ulna and radius
0 150
the optimal range of motion of the elbow joint is from ___ degreese of extension to ____ degrees of flexion
primary
the pronator quadratus is the ____ pronator of the forearm the pronator teres only becomes involved during rapid or forceful pronation motions
weaker
the pronator teres is ___ than the pronator quadratus
larger
the proximal end of ulna is ____ than the proximal end of radius
annular ligament
the radial head spins in the radial notch of the ulna and is supported by the ____ ____ at the proximal radioulnar joint
trochoid
the radioulnar joint is classified as a ___ joint or pivot-type
Biceps Brachii Long Head Origin
the supraglenoid tubercle of scapula above the superior lip of the glenoid fossa
Biceps Brachii Insertion
tuberosity of the radius and bicipital aponeurosis
Triceps Brachii Lateral Head Origin
upper 1/2 of the posterior surface of humerus
Anconeus Action
weak extension of elbow
Posterior Muscles
Triceps Brachii Anconius Supinator
elbow flexion
a typical movement of the pronator teres is pronation occurring simultaneously with ____ ____ i.e. bringing back of hand toward face
prime movers
all 3 heads of triceps brachii are __ __ for elbow extension
Proximal radioulnar joint
an articulation of the radial head and radial notch of ulna
Distal Radioulnar joint
an articulation of the ulnar head and the ulnar notch of the radius
extension
as elbow reaches _____,the olecranon process of ulna is received by olecranon fossa of humerus
speed power
brachioradialis's main contribution to elbow flexion is to add ___ or ___ to the movement
Biceps Brachii Action
flexion of elbow supination of forearm weak shoulder flexion
Brachialis Action
flexion of the elbow
Brachioradialis Action
flexion of the elbow with forearm in neutral position Pronation or Supination to neutral position
Radioulnar Joint
formed by radius and ulna classivied as a pivot joint
long head 2 joint
the __ __ of the triceps brachii passes b/w the teres major and teres minor and originates on the scapula making it a ___ ___ muscle
Lateral head
the ___ __ of the triceps are recruited at moderate to high levels of resistance
medial condyle
the ___ ___ of the humerus provides a shallow groove (cubital tunnel) to house and contain the ulnar nerve
supinator
the action of tightening a screw right handed involves the _____ it is also involved in throwing a curve ball in baseball, most specifically just before the ball is released