ESC 1000 Chapter 2 Quiz

iron oxides

A crystal of potassium feldspar (KAlSi3O8) will produce a variety of weathering products after it is weathered. Which of the following is NOT a product that results from the weathering of potassium feldspar? clay minerals silica potassium ions iron oxides

True

All varieties of limestone are dominated by the mineral calcite. True False

all of the above

An igneous rock that shows a vesicular texture ________. must be extrusive must be fine grained contains many small holes, like Swiss cheese all of the above

True

Compaction and cementation are the most common forms of lithification. True False

Granite crystallizes at temperatures of about 750° C.

Consult the image that depicts Bowen's reaction series. What can be said of the temperature at which a granite crystallizes? Granite crystallizes at temperatures of about 750° C. Granite crystallizes at temperatures of about 1200° C. Granite crystallizes at temperatures of about 900° C. Nothing can be deduced from this chart about the crystallization temperature of any igneous rock.

True

Given the right conditions any kind of rock can be transformed into any other kind of rock. True False

False

In order to metamorphose, metamorphic rocks must melt. True False

sedimentary

Most rock outcrops (about 75% of the total) are ________. fossil-bearing sedimentary metamorphic igneous

False

Mud cracks and ripple marks are common features of igneous rocks. True False

False

Rusting is an example of mechanical weathering. True False

False

Slate is a common nonfoliated metamorphic rock. True False

False

The parent rock of marble is sandstone. True False

chalk

The skeletal remains of plankton make up the sedimentary rock ________. chalk flint travertine breccia

False

This photo shows a conglomerate. True False

weathering, transport, deposition, and lithification

To transform an igneous rock into a sedimentary rock, which of the following processes must take place? chemical reactions under conditions of elevated temperature or pressure melting and re-cooling, followed by crystallization impact by a meteorite weathering, transport, deposition, and lithification

porphyritic

Which igneous texture is characterized by two distinctively different crystal sizes? porphyritic glassy coarse-grained fine-grained

sedimentary

Which kind of rocks may contain fossils? sedimentary minerals metamorphic igneous

gneiss

Which of the following rock types represents the highest grade of metamorphism? gneiss phyllite slate schist

rhyolite

Which one of the following is an igneous rock? limestone rhyolite slate quartz

conglomerate

Which rock type is most likely to have been deposited in a high- energy environment (such as a very turbulent stream)? shale microcrystalline limestone chert conglomerate