HESI REVIEW MEDSURGII QUIZ
The practical nurse (PN) is completing focused assessments for four clients. Which client finding should be the PN's first priority?
A client with asthma who is coughing and has distant auscultated breath sounds.
A client is scheduled for a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). What statement by the client reveals to the practical nurse that the client needs additional information?
"My incision will probably be painful."
What is the immediate assessment the practical nurse (PN) should implement for a client who returns to the unit after a cardiac catheterization?
Check the client's groin.
A client with cholelithiasis is admitted with jaundice due to obstruction of the common bile duct. Which finding is most important for the practical nurse to report to the healthcare provider?
Hard, rigid abdomen.
A client with Parkinson's disease asks the practical nurse (PN) to explain how this disease causes his muscles to malfunction. Which underlying pathophysiology should the PN use as a basis for the explanation?
Degeneration of the basal ganglia leads to a decrease in dopamine levels.
Which findings should the practical nurse identify in a client with anemia due to a vitamin B 12 deficiency?
Smooth, beefy-red oral cavity and paresthesia of hands and feet.
A 60-year-old client with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has been up to the bathroom six times during the night. The client asked the practical nurse (PN) if there is something the healthcare provider can do to help him with this problem before he has a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). What information should the PN offer?
An indwelling catheter is sometimes prescribed to alleviate symptoms.
An adult male who is covered with "road rash" after falling off his bicycle arrives at the clinic. He holds his hand to his chest and tells the practical nurse (PN) that he hurts when he breathes. The PN hears an audible "slurping" sound each time the client takes a breath. Which intervention should the PN implement first?
Apply oxygen and inspect the chest wall.
The practical nurse (PN) determines that a client's nasogastric tube (NGT), which is attached to low intermittent suction, has a decreased amount of drainage in the collection unit. Gastric secretions have pooled in the tubing and do not move with the onset of intermittent suction. Which action should the PN implement?
Assess the placement of the NGT.
The practical nurse is caring for a client who is admitted with signs of possible acute brain attack (stroke) three hours ago. The client's blood pressure is 170/96, regular radial pulse 76 beats/minute, respirations are nonlabored at 11 breaths/minute, and a SpO2 of 99%. What action is most important for the PN to implement?
Continue to monitor client's blood pressure.
The practical nurse (PN) is visiting a male client with diabetes who has a new cast on his arm. The client's fingers are pale, cool, slightly swollen, and the radial pulse is strong. What should be the PN do first?
Elevate the arm above the level of the heart.
A client who received graphs for a full-thickness burn of the right arm is admitted to the rehabilitation unit. Which action is important for the practical nurse to reinforce with the client to prevent long-term complications?
Exercise the affected arm everyday.
Which finding should the practical nurse (PN) identify as typical for a client who is hypoxic?
Hemoglobin of 10 grams/dl.
Which finding for a client who is 1-day postoperative for a partial thyroidectomy requires immediate follow-up by the practical nurse (PN)?
High pitched expiratory sound.
The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing laboratory results for a client admitted with possible meningitis and identifies that the c erebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings are positive for bacteria. Which action is most important for the PN implement?
Implement droplet precautions.
A client's prescription for warfarin (Coumadin) therapy was discontinued three weeks ago and returns to the clinic for follow-up laboratory tests. Which results should indicate to the practical nurse that the medication has been eliminated from the body?
International normalized ratio (INR) of 0.9.
A client who is 2-days postoperative for abdominal surgery has a nasogastric tube (NGT) to low continuous suction. The client tells the practical nurse (PN) his mouth is so dry that he has been drinking water to quench his thirst. Which potential imbalance should the PN monitor for development in the client?
Metabolic alkalosis.
The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing the side effects associated with chlopromazine (Thorazine) rectal suppository for a client with nausea and vomiting. Which information should the PN review with the client?
Minimize exposure to sunlight during therapy.
A male client with a crushing injury of the right lower leg from a tractor accident complains of numbness and tingling is his right leg and foot. The practical nurse (PN) determines the right leg is pale and he has a weak pedal pulse. What action should the PN take?
Notify the healthcare provider.
Which client medical diagnosis is a contraindication for peritoneal dialysis in a client with chronic renal failure?
Peritonitis
Which factor should the practical nurse (PN) identify that indicates a client needs to be screened for an aggressive breast cancer?
Pre-menopausal breast cancer in her mother.
During the daily assessment of a client with emphysema, the practical nurse (PN) identifies that the client's chest is barrel-shaped and he is demonstrating pursed-lip breathing. Which additional finding requires follow up by the PN?
Rales auscultated bilaterally.
What is the priority data that the practical nurse (PN) should obtain for a client with a cervical spinal cord injury (SCI)?
Respiratory pattern and airway.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To reduce carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ) retention in the lungs, which information should the PN reinforce?
Use pursed-lip and abdominal breathing.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who is receiving radiotherapy for cancer of the larynx. Which information should the PN provide the client to reduce the undesirable effects of radiation?
Use sugarless gum and candy to increase salivary secretions.