MUSIC UNIT 1

the distinct high point of a tune is called the

climax

What is the term for a category or type of music, such as symphony, concerto, or opera.

genre

Music that has one main melody accompanied by other, less prominent sounds is

homophonic

The twelve possible positions for the major-and minor-mode scales are called

keys

Music based on the C-to-C pattern of whole and half steps is in the major mode; music based on the _______ pattern is in the minor mode.

A to A

What are the basic units of measurement for musical time

Beats

A chord that sounds stable and that offers a feeling of resolution can be described as

Consonant

Benjamins Britten's the young person's guide to the orchestra uses a tune written by which English composer

Henry Purcell

If a person sings a song while playing chords on a piano what kind of texture does the music have?

Homophonic

Ech occurrence of the strong beat/weak beat pattern is called

Measure

How do rhythm and mater relate to one another in music

The meter serves as the regular background, while the rhythm can coincide with it, cut across it, or even contradict it.

what is the main purpose of the prelude chapters, which provide historical context for each time period covered in this book?

To suggest, where possible, correlations between musical style and culture

What is the term for a meter in which the main beats are grouped in threes.

Triple meter

motive

a distinctive, easily recognizable fragment of a melody that is used repeatedly in a long compostition

scale

a limited number of fixed pitches used to make music

an organized series of pitches played in a certain rhythm, and usually having an emotional character, is called

a melody.

The diatonic scale uses

a set of seven pitches within an octave (do re mi fa sol la ti do).

the chromatic scale uses

a set of twelve pitches within an octave (all the white and black piano keys)

when a person sings a song, the natural tendency is to breathe

at the ends of phrases

An octave spans how many notes?

8

The form diagram tat represents a tune followed by a contrasting tune followed by a repetition of the first tune is

A B A

The form diagram that represents a tune followed by a contrasting tune followed by a repetition of the first tune with significant changes is

A B A'

played at a slow tempo

Adagio

The consistent use of syncopation is the hallmark

African American-derived popular music

Benjamin Britten wrote "the young persons guide" to the orchestra to teach listeners

to recognize the sounds of the various instruments of the orchestra

The saxophones closest musical relative is the

Clarinet

When the main beats of a duple meter are subdivided into threes, what is the resulting meter called?

Compound duple meter

Which term means "growing" or "getting louder"

Crescendo

What is a the term for a meter in which that main beats are grouped in twos or fours?

Duple meter

What is an example of nonmetrical music

Gregorian chant

The conventional terms for tempo come from what language?

Italian

What produces low sounds

Long vibrating elements

Percussion instrument capable of playing scales and melodies

Marimba

A recurring pattern of strong beats and weak beats is called a

Meter

A typical Large Orchestra today includes which sections

Strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion

Generally, the term "rhythm" refers to the time aspect of music, but more specifically, a "a rhythm" refers to

The actual arrangement of long and short notes in a particular melody or passage

in the nineteenth century, what became the most important solo instrument

The piano

which of the following statements about musical form is the most accurate?

a form provides some fixed elements but allows composers possibilities within the details.

played at a fast tempo

allegro

what is the term for the distance, or difference in highness and lowness, between any two pitches

an interval

How musical instruments categorized into families or groups

be the method they use to produce sound

A stopping or pausing place is called

cadence

standard groupings of simultaneous pitches that work well in combination are called

chords

When one phrase is low and the next phrase is high, or one phrase is long and the next phrase is short, they can be called

contrasting phrase

A chord that sounds unstable or tense can be described as

dissonant

What is the musical term for the level of sound, that is, its loudness or softness

dynamics

What is an accent

emphasis on a certain beat to make it sound stronger than the surrounding beats

Any composer's style will have unique features as well as

features that reflect the style of his or her historical period.

term refers to the shape, arrangement, relationship, or organization of the various elements of a piece of music

form

a standardized pattern for organizing musical elements is called

form.

"loud"

forte

which of the following is a form?

fugue

The repetitions and contrasts that determine the musical form of a piece of music

have an emotional effect on the listener

When melodies sounding together are the same or fairly similar, with one starting shortly after another, the result is

imitative polyphony

the element of music that seems to evoke human sentiment most directly is

melody

Music that consists of a single melody without any accompanying sounds

monophonic

A combination of distinctive rhythms, harmonies, and tone colors contributes to a composer's

musical style

Melodies and tunes tend to fall naturally into smaller sections, called

phrases

flute that is the smallest and highest range

piccalo

What are the two main subcategories of percussion instruments

pitched and unpitched

Music that has two or more melodies that are played simultaneously and that are of approximately equal interest is

polyphonic

Contrapuntal is a term that is often used to describe

polyphony

what skill is essential for listener's ability to discern musical form

remembering musical themes and recognizing them when they return

Elements of music such as rhythm, melody, and harmony are organized into musical form by means of

repetition and contrast

When the same phrase occurs at two or more different pitch levels successively, it is called a

sequence

The form of Britten's the young person's guide to the orchestra is a

set of variations on a theme

what produces high sounds

short vibrating elements

In benjamin Britten's the young person's guide to the orchestra, the use of variation form is meant to

show off a catalogue of instrumental sounds and endlessly varied moods

which of the following is a Genre

string quarlet

Violin, viola, celio, and bass, and harp-

strings

Making a weak beat unexpectedly strong by displacing an accent is called

syncopation

an unpitched percussion instrument

tam-tam

what are three aspects of a piece of music that can be determine its genre?

text, function, and performing forces

Melody exists in the horizontal dimension from left to right, while ______________ exists in the vertical dimension

texture

"tone color" (or timbre) refer?

the general quility of a sound, which depends on the amount and mixture of overtones produced

what is the smallest interval in regular us in western music

the half step

Octave

the interval between two pitches that seem to "duplicate" one another

If music is said to be "in the key of G major," it means that

the major mode is positioned on G

what is a defining featuring of the diatonic scale

the mixing of half and whole steps

Tonality

the sense of focusing around a single "home" pitch that feels more important than all the other pitches of a scale

Harmony

the sounding at the same time of different pitches, in groupings called chords

what does the work tempo refer to

the speed of music

Melodies nearly always give a sense of focusing around a single "home" pitch that feels more important than the other pitches of the scale. this home pitch is known as.

the tonic

non-imitative polyphony

the various melodies sounding together are different from one another

musical texture

the way different melodic lines and sounds interact or blend with one another

is the most general sense, what does the term rhythm refer to

the way music unfolds in time

the most general term for the basic subject matter of longer pieces of music is

theme

What is the main difference between C major and C minor

three of the scale degrees are lower in the minor scale

which of these is a central function of musical form?

to extend music over a definite time span and hold the listeners interest

what brass instrument has the highest range

trumpet

the whole step or whole tone is the equivalent of

two half steps

To what instrument family does the english horn belong

woodwind

flute, clarinet, oboe, bassoon

woodwinds

Metronome

a device that can tick out beats at any desired temp

The conventional system of signs that indicate relative durations of long and short sounds is called

Musical notation

what is the term for music that has no underlying pattern of strong and weak beats at all?

Nonmetrical

What is the musical term for the "highness" or "lowness" of a sound?

Pitch

Highest range to lowest

Violin, viola, celio

What is a modulation

a change of key within a piece of music

When two phrases have the same notes but different words, or the same rhythm but different notes, they can be called

parallel phrases