NCLEX Adult Health Practice Test Reminders

What is the difference between claudication in venous insufficiency vs. arterial insufficiency?

venous claudication = achy that intensifies as the day goes on arterial claudication = sudden, sharp with exercise, relieved with rest

Normal plasma osmolarity and what does it have to do with a craniotomy?

275-295 After craniotomy, the goal is to keep the plasma osmolarity on the high side of normal as a means of helping control cerebral edema.

Normal CVP

7-12mmHg

Acid in the eye, after flushing it what pH do we want to see to know its been effective?

7.40

an anastomosis is constructed between the proximal remnant of the stomach and the proximal jejunum

Billroth II procedure

cyclophosphamide is a ___________ med

Breast cancer med that causes: hemorrhagic cystitis therefore: drink copious amounts of fluid while taking this medication and should also monitor the urine blood. The medication should be taken on an empty stomach unless gastrointestinal upset occurs. Hyperkalemia may result from the use of the medication; therefore the client would not be encouraged to increase potassium intake (i.e., bananas, orange juice)

indicates nuchal rigidity

Brudzinski's sign

cyclobenzaprine should not be taken with

MAO inhibitors such as tranylcypromine (Parnate) or phenelzine (Nardil) within the preceding 14 days. The combination of the two drugs could produce hypertensive crisis or seizures

Arm care for patient post-op mastectomy with lymph dissection?

Mild soap and lotion on arm Sunscreen on arm when outside gloves while gardening Avoid puncture/abrasive wounds

How many tests and what kind do we do to diagnose HIV/AIDS?

ELISA x2, then Western Blot

Kussmals respirations are fast and shallow or fast and deep?

Fast and deep

Is N/V a sign of Hypo or hyperglycemia?

Hyperglycemia

Manifestations of cardiogenic shock include the classic signs of hypovolemia AND

Increased CVP (central venous pressure)

Vitamins to be taken in concert with Epogen

Iron Folic Acid B12

Insect in the ear, what do we do?

Irrigate with alcohol, lidocaine or mineral oil or put on cottonball and occlude ear opening to suffocate the insect then remove with ear forceps

_______ impairment is associated with foscarnet sodium (Foscavir) for cytomegalovirus

Kidney therefore Cr is monitoredbefore therapy, two or three times per week during induction therapy, and at least weekly during maintenance therapy. This medication may also cause decreases in the levels of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium in the bloodstream. Therefore these parameters are measured with the same frequency.

Does Glargine have a peak effect?

No duration of 24hrs usually given at night cannot be mixed with other types of insulin

Can skin anthrax be spread through skin to skin contact?

No, therefore contact precautions are not always necessary *skin anthrax doesn't have the resp. sx's of inhaled anthrax

Should the nurse ever reposition or change anything with the NG tube on LIS after abd. surgery?

Nope, its placed right over the incision, only if the Doc specifically says to do so

AD occurs in a spinal injury above _____ and includes

T7 Nasal stuffiness, headache, flushing, brady, blurred vision, nausea, sudden severer HTN, sweating

A nurse is caring for a client who has had an estrogen receptor-positive breast tumor surgically removed. The client is told that follow-up with hormonal therapy will be prescribed. The nurse outlines a teaching plan, knowing that client will most likely receive: Letrozole (Femara) Raloxifene (Evista) Anastrozole (Arimidex) Tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex)

Tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex) is the usual choice of treatment in postmenopausal women who with estrogen receptor-positive tumors. It is an anti-estrogen medication that blocks the estrogen receptor sites of malignant cells and thus inhibits the growth-stimulating effects of estrogen

What is the Allen test?

The Allen test is performed before blood is drawn for assessment of arterial blood gases. The radial and ulnar arteries are occluded in turn, then released, after which the distal circulation is assessed. If the result is positive, the client has adequate circulation and that site may be used.

Why do bladder spasms occur after TURP?

Transurethral prostate resection postoperative bladder distention or irritation by the balloon of the indwelling urinary catheter. The nurse administers antispasmodic medications as prescribed to treat this type of pain. Because the prostate is accessed through the urethra, there is no incision in a TURP. Bleeding within the bladder and tension on the Foley catheter are not common causes of pain. Some surgeons purposely prescribe the application of tension to the catheter for a few hours after surgery to help control bleeding.

indication of the presence of carpopedal spasms, denoting hypocalcemia

Trousseau's sign

True or False Increased saliva production helps GERD?

True Raise the HOB after eating and chew gum/lozenges

Is cyanosis a sign of flail chest?

Yeah severe chest pain; asymmetric (paradoxical) chest movements; oscillation of the mediastinum; increasing dyspnea; rapid, shallow respirations; accessory muscle breathing; restlessness; decreased breath sounds on auscultation; cyanosis; and anxiety related to difficulty breathing

Do coffee and tea raise the uric acid level of the body?

Yes Allopurinol for gout = don't drink coffee/tea and drink a ton of water

Do you need a booster for Hep A vaccine?

Yes in 6-12mo

Cryptococcosis is . . . .

a severe debilitating meningitis (and, occasionally, a disseminated disease) in AIDS. = nuchal rigidity, headache, and blurred vision

pyrazinamide (PMS Pyrazinamide)

adjuvant TB med used in first few months until negative sputum test

When is a person with smallpox considered infectious?

at the onset of the rash and until the rash scabs over, which is approximately 3 weeks *vaccination w/in 2-3 days of exposure lessens the chance of active disease *

COPD diet for the client who feels too full to eat

avoid drinking fluids before and during the meal. Dry foods such as crackers stimulate coughing; foods such as milk and chocolate may increase the thickness of saliva and secretions. Cheese is constipating and should also be avoided by the client. The nurse should also teach the client about foods that are easy to chew and do not encourage the formation of gas; for this reason, broccoli, which is a gas-forming food, should be avoided

Serum Dig is drawn

either right before the next dose or 6-8hrs after the dose to get the peak and see if a therapeutic level of dig is present

Meniere's attacks are preceded by

feeling of fullness in the ear tinnitus

What position do we put post-op supratentorial craniotomy patients in?

head of the bed elevated 30 degrees to promote venous drainage.

Why do we monitor CBC in patients taking Dilantin?

hematological side effects of this therapy include blood dyscrasias such as agranulocytosis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Liver function tests, a CBC, and a platelet count should be performed before therapy is begun and periodically during therapy

Severe burn victim should eat

high calorie, high carb, high protein

Aromatase inhibitor drugs

interfere with the enzymatic synthesis of endogenous estrogen Letrozole (Femara) Anastrozole (Arimidex)

What position do we put post-op infratentorial craniotomy patient in?

kept flat and placed on either side for 24 to 48 hours. This will prevent pressure on the incision site, which is located in the neck. It also prevents the exertion of pressure on the internal tumor excision site by higher cerebral structures.

Hypoxemic respiratory failure is characterized by

low Pao2 (less than 55 mmHg) and a normal or low Paco2

What does Raloxifene (Evista) do?

reduce the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women by blocking estrogen receptors in the breast without stimulating endometrial growth

Histoplasmosis is . . .

respiratory infection in the client with AIDS. It then becomes disseminated, giving rise to enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and liver. The nurse will also note dyspnea, fever, cough, and weight loss

bradycardia and visual disturbances

signs of Dig toxicity

HYPERkalemia symptoms

tall T waves, widened QRS complexes, prolonged PR intervals, and flat P waves. Other cardiovascular manifestations include an irregular heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and ectopic heartbeats. Muscle twitches occur in hyperkalemia. Hyperactive bowel sounds and diarrhea also occur in hyperkalemia.