nutrition final
Porter is an athlete who weighs 100 kg. Based on this information, he should consume _____ g of protein daily.
110
The USDA recommends that fresh pork be cooked until its internal temperature is at least
145 ºF.
Kristan is due to give birth to a boy in September. Before she became pregnant, Kristan weighed 160 pounds, which was in the overweight range for her height. Based on this information, her physician will recommend that she gain ______ pounds during her pregnancy.
15 to 25
Zoe is due to give birth to a girl in November. Before she became pregnant, Zoe weighed 168 pounds, which was in the overweight range for her height. Based on this information, her physician will recommend that she gain ______ pounds during her pregnancy.
15 to 25
Craig is a 22-year-old man who has a healthy percentage of body fat. Based on this information, about _____ of his body is fat.
15%
The USDA recommends that egg custard be cooked until its internal temperature is at least
160 ºF.
The USDA recommends that fresh ground meat be cooked until its internal temperature is at least
160 ºF.
The USDA recommends that fresh turkey be cooked until its internal temperature is at least
165 ºF.
Jenny is a competitive athlete who weighs 60 kg and trains for about 2 hours a day. She would like to plan a nutritionally adequate diet that provides enough carbohydrate to maintain his weight and glycogen stores during training and competition. According to expert recommendations, she should consume _____ grams of carbohydrate daily.
180 to 600
Alexis weighs 6.5 pounds at birth. Assuming her development proceeds normally, she should weigh about _____ pounds by her first birthday.
19.5
Reyna is a competitive athlete who weighs 65 kg and trains for less than 4 hours a day, most days of the week. She would like to plan a nutritionally adequate diet that provides enough carbohydrate to maintain her weight and glycogen stores during training and competition. According to expert recommendations, she should consume _____ grams of carbohydrate daily.
195 to 650
Angie is due to give birth to a boy in June. Before she became pregnant, Angie weighed 215 pounds, which was in the obese BMI range. She should gain no more than ______ pounds during her pregnancy.
20
Elsa is due to give birth to a boy in June. Before she became pregnant, Elsa weighed 195 pounds, which was in the obese BMI range. She should gain no more than ______ pounds during her pregnancy.
20
Cammy is a healthy young woman whose energy requirement is 2000 kcal/day. Based on this information, her daily energy requirement would be _____ kcal during her first trimester of pregnancy.
2000
Tatiana is a competitive athlete who weighs 70 kg. She trains for about 2 hours on most days of the week. She would like to plan a nutritionally adequate diet that provides enough carbohydrate to maintain her weight and glycogen stores during training and competition. According to expert recommendations, she should consume _____ grams of carbohydrate daily.
210 to 700
Bernard weighs 7.5 pounds at birth. Assuming his development proceeds normally, he should weigh about _____ pounds by his first birthday.
22.5
Alicia's goal is to become a world-class endurance athlete. She trains aerobically for at least 90 minutes daily. She weighs 55 kg. Based on this information, what is the minimum number of kilocalories she needs to consume daily to maintain her body weight while in training?
2475
Iliana is due to give birth to a girl in March. Before she became pregnant, IIiana weighed 135 pounds, which was in the healthy range for her height. Based on this information, her physician will recommend that she gain ______ pounds during her pregnancy.
25 to 35
Hank is a competitive athlete who weighs 85 kg and trains for less than 4 hours, every other day. He would like to plan a nutritionally adequate diet that provides enough carbohydrate to maintain his weight and glycogen stores during training and competition. According to expert recommendations, he should consume _____ grams of carbohydrate daily.
255 to 850
Lucinda is a healthy, physically active young woman whose energy requirement is 2750 kcal/day. Based on this information, what would be her daily energy requirement during her first trimester of pregnancy?
2750 kcal
Jenna is due to give birth to a girl in February. Before she became pregnant, Jenna weighed 105 pounds, which was in the underweight range for her height. Based on this information, her physician will recommend that she gain ______ pounds during her pregnancy.
28 to 40
A pound of body fat provides about _____ kcal.
3500
Pathogenic bacteria are likely to multiply rapidly when environmental temperatures are between
40 and 140 ºF
An athlete who weighs 75 kg should consume _____ g of protein daily.
82.5
An athlete who weighs 85 kg should consume _____ g of protein daily.
93.5
Chase is an athlete who weighs 90 kg. According to this information, he should consume _____ g of protein daily.
99
Which of the following statements is true?
A child's appetite typically increases as his or her growth rate increases.
Which of the following statements is true?
A person can reduce his or her metabolic rate by eating a very-low-calorie diet.
_____ is the primary source of direct energy for cells
ATP
_____ is the primary source of direct energy for cells.
ATP
Which of the following formulas is the best way to estimate your total daily energy needs accurately?
Add kilocalories used for basal metabolism, physical activity, and thermic effect of food.
Which of the following statements is true?
Aerobic exercise involves rhythmic, sustained contractions of large muscle groups.
_____ is a type of tiny worm that can be transferred to humans who eat raw or undercooked fish.
Anisakis
_____ limits the amount of food a person can eat at one time.
Bariatric surgery
_____ is the use of living things to manufacture improved foods and other products.
Biotechnology
According to scientific evidence, which of the following substances may benefit muscle recovery after intense exercise?
Branched chain amino acids
____ is often lacking in the diets of older adults
Calcium
Which of the following statements is true?
Caregivers shouldn't give popcorn, grapes, and cut-up raw vegetables to infants.
Vince enjoys cooking, but he wants to reduce the chances that his food preparation practices result in food-borne illness. Which of the following steps can he take to reduce this likelihood?
Cook foods to proper internal temperatures
Which of the following activities is generally classified as aerobic?
Cycling
Which of the following statements is true?
During low-intensity activities, muscle cells burn more fat than glucose.
Which of the following conditions is a major cause of death among pregnant women in the United States?
Eclampsia
Which of the following foods is frequently a source of the toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus?
Egg salad
Which of the following substances can be metabolized for ATP production?
Fat
Which of the following statements is true?
Fat cells produce leptin, a hormone that can reduce hunger.
_____ is a physiological change associated with aging.
Hardening of the arteries
Dante is an obese 3-year-old child. _____ is a factor that is highly associated with obesity among preschool children.
High birth weight
Which of the following agencies is responsible for inspecting restaurants for food-related safety problems?
Local health department
Which of the following conditions or behaviors is a characteristic sign of a person with anorexia nervosa?
Maintaining a body weight that's 15% or more below the healthy weight for his or her height
Which of the following conditions is a common nutrition-related sign of early pregnancy that occurs in many healthy pregnant women?
Mild nausea and vomiting
____ is often lacking in the diets of older adults.
Potassium
____ can be metabolized for ATP production.
Protein
Which of the following statements is true?
Raw ground beef is often a source of E. coli O157:H7.
Which of the following federally subsidized food programs is designed to improve the nutritional status specifically of low-income, school-age children?
School Breakfast Program
Which of the following activities is generally classified as aerobic?
Stair stepping
_____ is the primary function of adipose cells.
Storing fat
_____ fat insulates the body and protects muscles and bones from bumps and bruises.
Subcutaneous
Tamara is a 19-year-old female college student. Her percentage of body fat is 8%. Which of the following statements about Tamara is true?
Tamara's percentage of body fat is too low.
Which of the following statements is true?
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program helps low-income Americans buy food.
_____ fat is located deep within the abdominal region and protects digestive organs.
Visceral
____ is often lacking in the diets of older adults, especially elderly women.
Vitamin C
____ is often lacking in the diets of older adults, especially elderly women.
Vitamin D
Belle is pregnant and has two young children. She is having difficulty supporting her family on an income of $18,000/year. Recently, she was diagnosed with high blood pressure and iron deficiency. Based on this information, Belle should enroll in the _____ program.
WIC
Which of the following physical activities metabolizes the most fat?
Walking for 30 minutes
_____ is the gradual process of shifting a baby from breastfeeding or bottle feeding to drinking from a cup and eating solid foods.
Weaning
Wendy is a 17-year-old world class gymnast who suffers from female athlete triad. Based on this information, she has
abnormal menstrual cycles.
Dennis wants to gain weight, primarily as lean tissue. In addition to performing resistance exercise regularly, he should
add nutrient-dense, healthy sources of energy to his diet, including fatty fish, whole-grain cereals, nuts, peanut butter, and olive oil.
Bernice is 91 years of age. Her _____ is likely to have a negative influence her nutritional status.
annual income
Lilly's BMI is 14.8. She thinks she's fat, so she exercises intensely for at least 3 hours each day to keep from gaining weight. She's a "picky eater" who often chews a mouthful of food for several minutes before spitting it out. She wears layers of clothing, even in warm weather, because she feels cold, Based on this information, Lilly probably has
anorexia nervosa.
Pathogens
are disease-causing microbes.
Dorothy is 86 years of age. Her _____ is likely to have a negative influence her nutritional status.
arthritis
Jared is a healthy 23-year-old who exercises but isn't an athlete. Based on this information, most of his body's total energy use is for
basal metabolism.
Lilly's BMI is 42.3. She is disgusted with herself because she eats excessive amounts of food, even when she's not hungry. However, the idea of purging to eliminate the calories doesn't appeal to her. Based on this information, Lilly has
binge-eating disorder
The _____ is a numerical value that's based on the relationship between weight and risk of chronic health problems associated with excess body fat.
body mass index
Michelle is considering whether she should exclusively breastfeed or formula feed her new baby. To encourage Michelle to breastfeed, you provide some factual information by telling her that
breastfeeding may reduce her baby's risk of type 1 diabetes in childhood.
By performing exercise regularly, people can reduce their risk of
cardiovascular disease.
Fred's BMI is 32.4, his waist circumference is 44 inches, and his hip circumference is 40 inches. Based on this information, he has a higher than average risk of
cardiovascular disease.
Obese people are more likely to develop _____ than people who aren't obese.
colon cancer
Including exercise in your daily routine can reduce your risk of
colon cancer.
During the first few days after giving birth, the new mother's breasts produce
colostrum.
To boost his protein and complex carbohydrate intake without adding much solid fat to his diet, Devon can eat
cooked macaroni sprinkled with grated cheese.
You can improve your children's eating habits by
discouraging eating while watching television.
Impoverished children who live in developing countries have a high risk of dying from
drinking polluted water.
During her 7th month of pregnancy, Sari developed a life-threatening complication of pregnancy that's characterized by hypertension and convulsions. Based on this information, Sari developed
eclampsia.
The hormone oxytocin
enables the "let-down" reflex to occur when a woman breastfeeds her baby.
In their efforts to avoid regaining the weight they have lost, members of the National Weight Control Registry tend to
exercise for at least 60 minutes daily.
While Trey is relaxing while watching television, his muscles are relying primarily on ____ for energy.
fat
Tim's body is shaped like a pear, because his excess body fat is distributed mostly below his waist. His body fat distribution is associated with
fewer serious chronic health problems than if the excess fat were in the upper part of his body.
Corrina is a 25-year-old pregnant woman. Her need for _____ is 50% higher than before she became pregnant.
folate
Pregnant women generally need to take a supplement that contains
folic acid.
During a dental examination, the dentist notices that the enamel on the back sides of Andrew's teeth has eroded, and the some of the teeth are decaying. Based on this information, the dentist suspects that Andrew
frequently makes himself vomit after purging.
Compared to other mice, a mouse that has a "thrifty metabolism"
gains weight more easily.
Obese people are more likely to develop _____ than people who aren't obese.
gallbladder disease
Lily is a 5′4′′, 40-year-old woman who weighs almost 200 pounds. To lose weight, she's tried calorie-restricted diets, fad diets, exercise programs, and appetite-suppressing pills without success. She would like a surgical weight loss method that can be easily reversed and does not involve stapling her stomach or cutting her small intestine. Based on this information, her physician is likely to recommend ______ as the best way to help her lose some of her excess weight.
gastric banding
A scientist wants to develop a medication that safely increases the appetite of underweight people to help them gain weight. Based on this information, this researcher will explore ways to stimulate the production, release, or action of
ghrelin
A scientist wants to develop a medication that safely reduces hunger to help obese people lose weight. Based on this information, this researcher will explore ways to block the production, release, or action of
ghrelin
Caregivers should not feed _____ to infants
honey
Obese people are more likely to develop _____ than people who aren't obese.
hypertension
People with BMIs of 30 or more have greater risks of _____ than people with BMIs in the healthy range.
hypertension
Erin is following a safe and medically sound weight loss program to lose 20 pounds. According to this information, her program
includes regular physical activity.
The liver can convert _____ into glucose that can be released into the bloodstream or stored as glycogen.
lactate
Human milk is a rich source of
linoleic acid
Infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they
lose the extrusion reflex.
Ginny is a 20-year-old world class gymnast who suffers from female athlete triad. Based on this information, she has
low energy intake.
Julio wants to cook chicken and bake a pie made with eggs and milk for his roommates. Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he
marinates the cut-up pieces of raw chicken and uses the marinade to make a dipping sauce for the chicken.
Reyna is a healthy 27-year-old pregnant woman. She is experiencing _____, a common nutrition-related sign of pregnancy that occurs in many healthy pregnant women.
minor edema of the hands and feet
In the United States, _____ are more likely to be obese than other adults.
non hispanic black women
Macey's BMI is 30.2. Based on this information, her weight is in the _____ range.
obese
Registered dietitian nutritionists recommend feeding babies
only breast milk until the infants are 6 months of age.
Plumpy'nut contains micronutrients and
peanuts, powdered milk, oil, and sugar.
Some women crave non-food items during pregnancy. This behavior is called
pica.
People who have bulimia nervosa typically avoid gaining weight after bingeing on food by
purging, including self-induced vomiting.
Michelle's weekly exercise program includes stair stepping, static stretching, cycling, and push-ups. Which of these activities is generally classified as a strength (resistance) exercise?
push-ups
After Ariel gave birth to a healthy baby boy, the physician immediately placed the baby next to Ariel's breast so the infant could begin breastfeeding. This practice
reduces Ariel's risk of bleeding excessively after delivery
The weight loss medication orlistat (Alli)
reduces the amount of fat absorbed by the digestive tract
Conventional farming creates problems for the environment. An international team of experts proposed some steps to help solve such problems, including
reducing food waste by better menu planning.
Reduced _____ is a normal physiological change associated with aging.
secretion of stomach acid
Caregivers should not feed _____ to infants.
semisolid food in a baby bottle
Obese people are more likely to develop _____ than people who aren't obese.
sleep apnea
Caregivers should not feed _____ to infants.
soft drinks
After bingeing on cakes and cookies, Bonnie practices self-induced vomiting to avoid gaining weight. Based on this information, you'd expect to notice _____ as a sign of her purging behavior.
sores on her knuckles
An athlete who wants to replenish his or her glycogen stores quickly after performing vigorous physical activity should consume
sports drinks.
Most of the people living in a small South African village have access to nutritious foods. Soon after their birth, 10 infants in the village developed severe diarrhea, which resulted in dehydration. After questioning the infants' parents, local public health officials were able to determine the cause of the diarrhea. Based on the officials' findings, the parents were advised to
stop diluting the babies' formula with local well water.
The _____ gland produces the primary hormone that controls the metabolic rate.
thyroid
Which of the following substances is a major factor that influences a person's metabolic rate?
thyroid hormone
People with central-body obesity are more likely to develop _____ than people who don't have excess fat in the midsection of their bodies.
type 2 diabetes
People who exercise regularly can reduce their risk of
type 2 diabetes.
Julio wants to cook chicken, make a salad, and bake a pie made with eggs and milk for his roommates. Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if h
wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the saladvegetables.