patho quiz 6
which of the following individuals displays the precursors to acromegaly?
an adult with an excess of growth hormone due to an adenoma
pathophysiologic process underlying type 2 diabetes
beta cell exhaustion due to long-standing insulin resistance
when educating a client with possible glucocorticoid dysfunction, the nurse will explain that the CRH controls the release of ACTH. the best time to perform a blood test to measure peak ACTH levels would be
6-8 AM
resident of a long-term facility exhibiting clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism
80 year old woman who has uncharacteristically lost her appetite and often complains of feeling cold
greatest risk for the development of foot ulcers in a diabetic client
bilateral distal loss of pain sensation, motor neuropathy related to improperly fitted shoes, smoking history averaging 2 packs/day
clinical manifestations that support the diagnosis of Cushing syndrome
buffalo hump on back, blood glucose level in the 200 mg/dL range, excessive facial hair growth, moon face
a client with type 1 diabetes has started a new exercise routine. knowing there may be some increase risks associated with exercise, the health care provider should encourage the client to
carry a snack with carbs to prevent profound hypoglycemia
impaired and delayed healing in a person with diabetes is caused by long term complications such as
chronic neuropathies
clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism
coarse brittle hair, weight gain despite loss of appetite, puffy face with swollen eyelids (weakness & fatigue, cold intolerance, dry rough skin, jaundice, thinning of outer third of eyebrows)
a client tells his health care provider that his body is changing. used to be normal for blood glucose to be higher during the latter part of the morning, but now his fasting blood glucose level is elevated in the early AM (7). may be experiencing
dawn phenomenon
what pathophysiologic phenomena may result in diagnosis of Cushing disease
excess ACTH production by pituitary tumor
diabetic retinopathy, the leading cause of acquired blindness in the United States, is characterized by retinal
hemorrhages
which hormonal regulation mechanism helps explain how insulin is regulated
hypothalamic-pituitary-target cell system
while working on the med-surge floor, the nurse has a client who is experiencing an insulin reaction. the client is conscious and can follow directions. the most appropriate intervention would be:
immediately administer 15 g of glucose (preferably via oral route) and wait for 15 minutes, repeat if necessary
immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol cause
inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis
which of the following pregnant women likely faces the greatest risk of gestational diabetes? a client who:
is morbidly obese defined as greater than 100 pounds over ideal weight
a diabetic client was visiting the endocrinologist for annual checkup. the client's blood work reveals an increased level of which lab result that reveals early signs of diabetic nephropathy?
microalbuminuria
client exhibiting manifestations of prediabetes
middle-aged overweight adult with a fasting plasma glucose level of 122 with follow-up OGTT of 189 mg/dL
effect of the action of insulin
promotion of glucose uptake by target cells
a client who has been taking 80 mg of prednisone, a glucocorticoid, each day has been warned by his primary care provider to carefully follow a plan for the gradual reduction of the dose rather than stopping the drug suddenly. why?
suddenly stopping the drug may cause acute adrenal insufficiency
