PHARM Final Previous Test Questions
An individual calls the office and states that she has been taking Amitryptiline for 2-3 days & there has been no change in her depressed mood. Consequently, she would like the doctor to change the medication. What do you tell her? a) The medication is working but it can take up to 2-4 weeks for the full effect to manifest b) She is not responding to the medication & therefore the doctor will prescribe something different c) The medication is not working because she is not taking it as prescribed. d) None of the above.
A
The neurotransmitter common to both preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system is: a) norepinephrine b) acetylcholine c) epinephrine d) serotonin
Acetylcholine
When the combined effect of 2 administered drugs is equal to the sum of their individual effects, this effect is said to be _________.
Additive
When epinephrine is acting to stimulate the heart rate, the medication is acting as a(n): a) antagonist b) partial agonist c) agonist d) partial antagonist
Agonist
What adverse effects are associated with the use of barbiturates? a) respiratory depression b) lethargy c) lack of coordination d) All of the above
All of the above
What precaution will you emphasize to a patient who has been given a prescription of flurazepam? a) avoid hazardous activities b) do not take other antianxiety agents at the same time c) do not drink alcohol while taking flurazepam d) all of the above
All of the above
_____________ exerts its effect by inhibiting xanthine oxidase.
Allopurinol
Mrs. B almost became comatose while receiving a dose of morphine while in the ER. In order to reverse this effect, the doctor ordered naloxone, which served as a(n): a) antagonist b) partial agonist c) agonist d) partial antagonist
Antagonist
Salicylism is an adverse effect of which medication? a) colchicin b) acetaminophen c) allopurinol d) aspirin
Aspirin
A friend has asked you to explain to him the possibility of his experiencing drug interactions while taking his newly prescribed medications. select the appropriate statement you will use when explaining "synergism" to him: a) drugs may increase each other's effects equal to the sum of their individual effects b) drugs may increase each other's effects greater than the sum of their individual effects c) drugs may lead to a response that is less than the sum of their individuals effects d) none of the above
B
Stimulation of the _________ receptors causes an increased chronotropic and inotropic effect.
Beta-1
A patient with asthma can benefit by taking a medication that stimulates which receptor: a) alpha-1 b) alpha-2 c) beta-1 d) beta-2
Beta-2
___________ is defined as the fraction of administered drug that reaches the systemic circulation.
Bioavailability
Sympathetic activation produces all of the following effects except: a) relaxation of the urinary bladder b) increased heart rate c) pupillary dilation d) bronchoconstriction
Bronchoconstriction
_______________ can be used for individuals trying to quit smoking.
Bupoprion
Which of the following drugs is a mixed agonist-antagonist? a) methadone b) fentanyl c) naloxone d) buprenorphine
Buprenorphine
Which of the following antiepileptics is used in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia? a) Phenytoin b) Carbamazepine c) Valproic Acid d) Ethoxsuximide
Carbamazepine
Which of the following drugs work by the inhibition of dopa-decarboxylase? a) levodopa b) carbidopa c) selegiline d) amantadine
Carbidopa
All of the following drugs are non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors except a) celecoxib b) aspirin c) diclofenac d) acetaminophen
Celecoxib
Antiarrhythmic drugs primarily affect the activity of the following ion channels except a) Chloride (Cl-) b) Potassium (K+) c) Calcium (Ca+) d) Sodium (Na+)
Chloride (Cl-)
An individual on which antipsychotic is more likely to develop an infection? a) haloperidol b) clozapine c) risperidone d) aripiprazole
Clozapine
All of the following are CNS depressants except: a) dantrolene b) lorazepam c) clorasepate d) alcohol
Dantrolene
All the following drugs work by blocking the reuptake of serotonin back into the serotonerigic nerve endings except: a) desipramine b) fluoxetine c) bupoprion d) sertraline
Desipramine
Identify the term used for the process by which the drug enters the bloodstream from its site of administration: a) drug absorption b) drug excretion c) drug distribution d) drug metabolism
Drug Absorption
(T/F) Atonic seizures can present with loss of consciousness.
False
(T/F) Carbidopa can be used as a standalone drug in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
False
(T/F) Chlordiazepoxide is used therapeutically as a hypotonic.
False
(T/F) Clonidine is a beta-1 agonist.
False
(T/F) Diazepam can be used to treat pain from a dental abscess.
False
(T/F) Disulfiram can be used to reverse phenobarbital toxicity.
False
(T/F) Edrophonium can be used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis.
False
(T/F) Fentanyl has no toxic effect.
False
(T/F) Imipramine has a rapid onset of action.
False
(T/F) Lithium has a very wide therapeutic index.
False
(T/F) Naloxone can be used in the treatment of pain from a dental abscess.
False
(T/F) Phenobarbital exerts its effect on the autonomic nervous system.
False
(T/F) Phenytoin is the drug of choice for absence seizures.
False
(T/F) Propranolol is safe to administer to asthmatics.
False
(T/F) Timolol is a beta-adrenergic agonist.
False
(T/F) Typical antipsychotics exert their effects through blockade of 5HT2A receptors.
False
(T/F) Metoprolol is the drug of choice in the treatment of the atonic bladder.
False.
(T/F) Phenobarbital can be used as an anxiolytic under special circumstances.
False.
An overdose of Midazolam can be reversed using _________.
Flumazenil
Which of the following drugs is not a tricyclic antidepressant? a) fluoxetine b) amitryptiline c) clomipramine d) doxepin
Fluoxetine
The non proprietary name of a drug is also known as a) trade name b) generic name c) chemical name d) none of the above
Generic Name
Toxic effects that are most fatal occur from a) low doses b) therapeutic doses taken as needed c) high doses d) therapeutic doses taken as scheduled
High Doses
___________ is an antimuscarinic agent used in the treatment of asthma & COPD.
Ipatropium
Pyridoxine diminishes the effect of which anti-parkinson drug? a) levodopa b) carbidopa c) selegiline d) amantadine
Levodopa
____________ is used in the treatment of mania and bipolar disorder.
Lithium
What is the main clinical indication for the use of a sedative? a) mental relaxation & sleep disorders b) reduction of anxiety & sleep disorders c) mental relaxation & reduction in desire for physical activity d) reduction of anxiety & desire for physical activity
Mental relaxation & reduction in desire for physical activity
The analgesic effects of opiates are mediated by which receptor? a) D2 b) Mu c) Delta d) 5HT2A
Mu
___________ seizures are short episodes of muscle contraction that may recur for several minutes, usually a result of permanent neurological damage.
Myoclonic
________ ___________ is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose.
N-acetyl Cystine
_____________ is used to reverse coma and respiratory depression of opioid overdose.
Naloxone
Which of the following drugs is an opioid antagonist? a) naltrexone b) fentanyl c) methadone d) pentazocine
Naltrexone
Which of the following is a potentially fatal condition associated with antipsychotic use characterized by hyperthermia, muscular rigidity, and alteration in mental status? a) neuroleptic malignant syndrome b) dystonia c) akathisia d) tardive dyskinesia
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
A type of receptor located at both sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic ganglia is: a) nicotinic-n b) nicotinic-m c) muscarinic d) adrenergic
Nicotinic-n
Adrenergic neural transmission is mediated by _________.
Norepinephrine
Any drug that is obtained from the juice of the opium poppy is known as an ________.
Opiate
Which drug class has a decreased pharmacologic effect as a result of concurrent use of barbiturates? a) oral contraceptives b) proton pump inhibitors c) multivitamins d) none of the above
Oral Contraceptives
The study of the action of drugs on living tissue is called a) pharmacy b) posology c) pharmacology d) pharmacodynamics
Pharmacodynamics
Compare the process of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, & excretion. These are all components of the study known as: a) half-life b) pharmacokinetics c) bioavailability d) enzyme induction
Pharmacokinetics
Which of the following drugs can cause gingival hyperplasia in children? a) Phenytoin b) carbamazepine c) valproic acid d) ethoxsuximide
Phenytoin
Phenoxybenzamine is used in the treatment of _________.
Pheochromocytoma
The left atrium receives blood from the a) coronary arteries b) pulmonary veins c) pulmonary arteries d) none of these are correct
Pulmonary veins
The following drugs can be used in the treatment of angina pectoris except a) nadolol b) sotalol c) propranolol d) diltiazem
Sotalol
All of the following are parenteral routes of drug administration except: a) intravascular b) sublingual c) intramuscular d) subcutaneous
Sublingual
Which of the following routes of drug administration is most susceptible to the hepatic first pass effect? a) oral route b) sublingual route c) intravascular route d) intramuscular route
Sublingual route
Malignant hyperthermia can be cuased by __________.
Succinycholine
Pupillary dilation (Mydriasis) can be caused by the activation of the __________ nervous system.
Sympathetic
A patient with tachycardia is experiencing: a) PNS activation b) PNS inhibition c) SNS activation d) SNS inhibition
Sympathetic Activation
_________ manifests as involuntary movements of lip, jaw, tongue, & extremities.
Tardive Dsykinesia
Which of the following conditions is caused by long term treatment with neuroleptics? a) neuroleptic malignant syndrome b) dystonia c) akathisia d) tardive dyskinesia
Tardive Dyskinesia
Aspirin acts as an anticoagulant by inhibiting which prostaglandin? a) prostaglandin G b) Thromboxane A2 c) Prostacyclin d) Prostaglandin E
Thromboxane A2
Pilocarpine eye drops are administered by the ________ route of drug administration.
Topical
(T/F) Alprazolam is used in the treatment of panic disorders.
True
(T/F) Chlorpromazine is contraindicated in individuals with seizures.
True
(T/F) Epinephrine has positive inotropic & chronotropic actions.
True
(T/F) Haloperidol is contraindicated in an individual taking levodopa.
True
(T/F) Imipramine can be used in the control of enuresis.
True
(T/F) Levodopa has a short half life.
True
(T/F) Midazolam can be used to induce conscious sedation for simple procedures.
True
(T/F) Morphine is containdicated in pregnancy.
True
(T/F) Pilocarpine can be used to lower intraocular pressure in the treatment of glaucoma.
True
(T/F) Promethazine can be used in the treatment of drug induced nausea.
True
(T/F) Triazolam has no toxic effect.
True
(T/F) Valproic acid is the drug of choice for Myoclonic seizures.
True
You have been asked to explain to a patient on MAOI therapy to avoid tyramine rich foods. Examples of such kinds of foods to be avoided are: a) wine, cheese, beer b) coffee, pickles, cheese c) hamburger, broccoli, tea d) bread, rice, wine
Wine, Cheese, Beer
The drug of choice in the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) is a) disopyramide b) quinidine c) verapamil d) adenosine
adenosine
The P wave on and ECG corresponds to a) ventricular depolarization b) ventricular repolarization c) atrial repolarization d) atrial depolarization
atrial depolarization
A common adverse effect from quinidine overdose is a) hypertension b) xerostomia c) cinchonism d) tachypnea
cinchonism
Which of the following drugs is useful in the treatment of hypertension in an individual that is complicated by renal disease? a) losartan b) minoxidil c) verapamil d) clonidine
clonidine
___________ is used as an antinflammatory in the acute treatment of gout.
colchicine
Parkinson's disease is caused by a loss of a) cholinergic neurons b) serotonergic neurons c) adrenergic neurons d) dopaminergic neurons
dopaminergic neurons
The most common side effect of sublingual nitroglycerin administration is a) headache b) bradycardia c) diarrhea d) urticaria
headache
Which of the following drugs can be used in an individual with hypertensive crisis? a) propranolol b) verapamil c) labetalol d) minoxidil
lebetalol
The following are adverse effects of morphine except: a) mydriasis (pupillary dilation) b) urticaria (itching) c) respiratory depression d) constipation
mydriasis (pupillary dilation)
Which region of the heart is responsible for cardiac muscle contraction? a) myocardium b) epicardium c) endocardium d) purkinje fibers
myocardium
Antipsychotics are also known as ___________.
neuroleptics
Which type of seizure presents with no motor convulsions? a) Grand mal b) petit mal c) status epilepticus d) myoclonic
petit mal