PSYCH107: Chapter 2 Quiz pages 54-60

On a graph of a correlation coefficient, points falling near to a straight sloped line indicate __________

a strong correlation

Researchers are conducting a study where they have concerns that the participant's beliefs and/or the experimenter beliefs may skew the results. Therefore, they chose to conduct a ____________ study

double-blind

A sample that ________ is most likely to yield generalizable results.

is large and randomly selected

A(n0 _________ is a description of how the researchers will measure the variables of interest

operational definition

Simply expecting something to happen can make it happen. This describes ________.

placebo effect

Research describing a link between childhood vaccines and autism has been ________.

retracted due to a financial conflict of interest by the author

A _________ is a graphical view of the strength and direction of a correlation

scatterplot

Which of the following is not a potential problem associated with relying on college students as participants in psychological research?

they have higher attrition rates than other populations

A basic experiment involves a minimum of _________ participant group(s).

two

Sandra strongly believes that attending daycare is detrimental to children's development so she decides to write her psychology term paper on this topic. She does a literature search and finds several sources supporting her opinion, but she finds that the majority of research indicates that children attending daycare experience healthy development. She writes a paper using the sources that find negative associations with daycare attendance. This is an example of ________.

confirmation bias

_________ is the tendency to ignore evidence that disproves ideas or beliefs

confirmation bias

A(n) ____________ is a variable that affects both variables of interest and may falsely give the impression of a cause-and-effect relationship

confounding variable

Harrison et al. are conducting a study assessing the ability of depressed versus non-depressed participants to remember negative emotions in a short story about a family whose car breaks down. They plan to ask participants to read the story and then make a list of the emotions expressed in the story. Before beginning the study, they make a list of negative emotions (e.g., sadness and anger) that they will record from the participants' responses. In this example, negative emotions are the ________.

dependent variable

Peer reviewers _____________

help ensure quality control in reporting scientific findings

An intelligence test yields the same results when administered on three separate occasions. However, the test's results are more strongly correlated with hours spent doing homework than they are with other standardized intelligence tests. This test has________ reliability and ________ validity.

high; low

The ___________ is controlled by the experimenter

independent variable

Drs. Goran and Lieberman are interested in assessing differences in pain threshold between men and women. They recruit male and female participants to a study that assesses tolerance for thermal pain. This is an example of a(n) ________ study.

quasi-experimental

In order to maximize the chances that experimental groups represent the population of interest, researchers should conduct ___________ and ____________.

random sampling; random group assignment

___________ refers to the ability to consistently reproduce a given result

reliability

A(n) _________ is conducted in order to determine whether there are meaningful differences between two groups in a study

statistical analysis

Devine et al. are interested in assessing whether active versus passive play causes a preference for sweet or salty foods in toddlers. They assign groups of children to either an active play, passive play, or no play group and record their food choices when presented with a variety of sweet and salty foods. In this study, ________ is the independent variable and ________ is the control group.

type of play; no play

________ refers to the ability of an instrument or tool to accurately measure what it is supposed to measure

validity