Psychology HW 9-10

________ theorists attempt to explain our personality by identifying our stable characteristics and ways of behaving. Rorschach character trait Jungian

trait

A(an) ________ locus of control is the belief that our outcomes are outside of our control; an ________ locus of control is the belief that we control our own outcomes. congruent; incongruent external; internal internal; external real; ideal

external; internal

How can parents help their children achieve high congruence? forcing them to be independent not allowing them to use their defense mechanisms giving them unconditional love pointing out their mistakes

giving them unconditional love

Finding treatments for psychological health issues is of great importance as it is estimated that _______ percent of adults experience a mental health issue in any given year. 75 50 10 25

25

Who developed social-cognitive theory? Albert Bandura Erik Erikson Carl Rogers Abraham Maslow

Albert Bandura

Jessica believes that she succeeds in high school because she works hard, earned a place on the basketball team because she practices constantly, and cooks well because she takes cooking classes. Julian Rotter would say that Jessica has ________. good self-regulation an internal locus of control poor self-regulation an external locus on control

an internal locus of control

Who believed that our personality traits are influenced by our genetic inheritance? Erik Erikson and Abraham Maslow Hans and Sybil Eysenck Carl Rogers and Karen Horney Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud

Hans and Sybil Eysenck

Which statement summarizes the main idea of reciprocal determinism? How we cope with anxiety reflects our personality. Emotions are cognitive processes with behavioral antecedents. Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situational context all influence each other. Our defense mechanisms are formed in childhood.

Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situational context all influence each other.

Who developed the first comprehensive theory of personality? Wilhelm Wundt Hippocrates Immanuel Kant Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud

The process of identifying, evaluating, and changing maladaptive thoughts or schemas is known as what? unconditional positive regard cognitive restructuring mindfulness free association

cognitive restructuring

Nicholas has been diagnosed with depression, borderline personality disorder, and a phobia of social interactions. Since Nicholas has multiple mental disorders at once, we would say that a high _______________ exists in his case. resistance comorbidity availability adaptation

comorbidity

________ is a state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar. incongruence egotism self-concept congruence

congruence

Which of the following is NOT a new and emerging treatment strategy in mental health? dietary restriction therapy CBT-enhancing pharmaceutical agents cognitive bias modification internet and mobile-delivered therapies

dietary restriction therapy

The ________ personality is anxious, self-conscious, artistic, thoughtful, quiet, and private. mesomorph ectomorph somatomorph endomorph

ectomorph

Anton is afraid of snakes and seeks therapy for this problem because it is interfering with his ability to work at the zoo. His therapist has Anton stand next to a black string in one session. In the next session he has Anton stand close to a rubber snake. In a later session he has Anton stand near a tank containing a live black snake. This is an example of: dialectical therapy implosion therapy shock therapy exposure therapy

exposure therapy

________ describes a proportion of difference among people that is attributed to genetics. personality trait temperament heritability

heritability

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is a projective test ________. in which people are presented with ambiguous images that is similar to a word association test that is designed to be culturally relevant to minority groups that employs a series of symmetrical inkblot cards

in which people are presented with ambiguous images

The ________ approach to the study of personality came about in reaction to the dominance of Western approaches to the study of personality in non-Western settings. feminist indigenous culture TEMAS

indigenous

Dan avoids applying to college because he doubts he can succeed. He is working a retail job, but he tends to focus on the things he does wrong. In fact, he has almost no confidence in his abilities, and when he experiences a setback at work he is ready to quit. Albert Bandura would say Dan has ________. no context vicarious learning low self-efficacy malfunctioning cognitive processes

low self-efficacy

Oscar is being treated for depression. His therapist, Annalise, encourages him to notice his unpleasant thoughts and feelings without trying to avoid them or judge them. This is likely an example of: mindfulness based therapy client centered therapy free association therapy cognitive behavioral therapy

mindfulness based therapy

Which therapy focuses heavily on creating an accepting and supportive environment for self-discovery? person-centered therapy psychodynamic therapy cognitive behavioral therapy psychotropic drug therapy

person-centered therapy

Which of the following is not part of Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory? reciprocal determinism self-efficacy observation learning reaction formation

reaction formation

Which of the following is most true of the way therapy is currently conducted? emerging technologies have changed the professional landscape: now more than 50% of therapists offer therapy over the internet. disorders are becoming increasingly resistant to therapeutic intervention between 1 and 4 therapists does not use a single therapeutic orientation but integrates several together. emerging technologies have changed the professional landscape: now more than 50% of clients seek on-line help through digital applications

between 1 and 4 therapists does not use a single therapeutic orientation but integrates several together