Science - succession

unnatural disturbance

A disaster or event in an ecosystem that is a human-cause disaster like deforestation and pollution, acid rain, and oil spills.

natural disturbance

A disaster or event that can affect has happened on its own ( not caused by) example floods, tornados, hurricanes, earth,and forest fire .

primary succession

A form of succession where species like lichens and mosses have to colonize the rocks to turn it into soil because there was no soil before. This is a slower process because this takes 100 or 1,000 of years.

ecological succession

A predictable change ( growth) in an environment which when the environment's population is replaced by a new population

pioneer species

An organism that colonizes an ecosystem first. Primary succession lichens and mosses. Secondary succession there is grasses and weeds.

Which type of succession takes longer and why?

Primary, because it has to build up another ecosystem.

climax community

The final and stable community. Will continue to change in small ways but, if left undisturbed, will remain mostly the same through time.

how do lichens break up the process of primary succession?

The lichen break down the rock over a long period of time. The water in the cracks freeze and break apart the rock even more. Lichen grow in the cracks. Moss begins to grow and die which creates fertile soil. New plant life can grow in the soil

secondary succession

The regrowth of an ecosystem after a natural or human- caused disaster process there is soil. This takes a shorter process because there is soil and an ecosystem to start. ( hundreds of years )

what natural events would cause primary succession to occur?

Volcanic eruption - Lava hardens to make new rock Glacier melts - Bare rock is revealed Intense fires - Fire burning so hot that no nutrients are left in the soil

What are the plant species that develop at each stage of secondary succession? About how long does it take for these species to develop?

First soil, grass, flowers, bushes, and then trees. This takes over 100 years .

What are pioneers species in primary succession?

Mosses and lichens

What natural and unnatural events would cause secondary succession to occur?

Natural could be forest fire, tornados,floods, hurricanes, and unnatural deforestation, human activity, oil spills,.

What are the pioneer species in a secondary succession?

Pioneer species in a secondary succession are weeds and grass