Social Studies SOL 9

List the Major historical Turning points that marked the spread & Influence of Islamic Civilization: Death of ?:Sunni Shi'a Division. Muslim conquests of ? & ?. Islamic capital moved to ?. Muslim defeat at the Battle of ?. Fall of Baghdad to the ?.

Ali,Jerusalem,Damascus,Baghdad,Tours,Mongols

How did Spain Develop into a Nation-State? ? & Isabella unified the Country & Expelled ? & ?. Spanish empire in the Western Expanded under ?.

Ferdinand,Jews,Moors,Charles V

With a decline if Roman Influence in western Europe,What did people enter into in order to gain protection?

Feudal Agreement

Political system of local Government based on Granting of land in Return for Loyalty,Military Assistance,& More is what?

Feudalism

What is the moral code followed by Muslims?

Five pillars

How did charlemagne revive the idea of the Roman Empire? ? Emerge as a force in Western Europe. The ? Crowned the Emperor. Power of the ? was established in political life. ? Culture was Reinterpreted. Most of ? Europe was included in the new Empire. Churches,?,& Schools were built to ? The empire.

Franks,Pope,Church,Roman,Western,Roads,Unite

Identify five causes for the decline of the Roman Empire:

German tribes,too large,weakened leadership,military,economy

List the 3 empires located in Western Africa:

Ghana,Songhai,Mali

What section of Christianity was the Byzantine Empire?

Greek orthodox

The golden age of classical India took place under which empire?

Gupta Empire

What are the forms of Athenian Government in order from earliest to most recent?

monarchy,aristocracy,tyranny,democracy

Who is the famous macedonian Ruler who established an Empire from Greece to Egypt & the margins of india Thus expanding Greek Influences?

Alexander

Who represented the Delian League:Who represented the Pelop. League:

Athens,Sparta

Name the African civilization relative to the Ethiopian Highlands & Nile river:

Axum

Which African civilization had a Christian Kingdom?

Axum

Aside from the holy city, how are Christianity and Judaism similar?

Accept private & public worship. Monotheistic.

Which physical geography form serves as natural barriers to greece & prevented large scale farming?

Aegean Sea

In the ? century,the ? Plague decimated the population of Much of Asia.

14th,Bubonic

what 3 bodies of water is India surrounded with?

Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean, and Bay of Bengal

Japan is made of a group of Islands. So it is called a what?

Archipelago

How does Greek mythology influence western Civilization today?

Architecture,Sculpture,Philosophy,Mathematics,Science,History,Drama

Who was the Greek Philosopher that tutored Alexander?

Aristotle

This battle was in France,Muslims Vs Christians,& Christians won. What Battle is this?

Battle of Tours

Another name for the Eastern Roman Empire is....

Byzantine Empire

Trade Technology: Paper from ? through the Muslim World to ? & ? Europe .New crops from ?. Waterwheels & Windmills from the ?. Navigation: Compass from ?,Lateen sail from ? Ocean.

China,Byzantium,Western,India,Middle East,China,Indian

List the Byzantine Achievements in art & Structures: Inspiration provided by ? religion & Imperial Power. ? (Religious Images). ? in public & Religious Structures. ? (A Byzantine Domed Church).

Christian,Icons,Mosaics,Hagia Sophia

A legal system based on custom & court rulings is What?

Common law

List the 3 main forms in which China Influenced the Culture of Japan:

Confucianism,Legalism,Taoism

Identify the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire:

Constantinople

Determine the Following Locations in which the Invading forces settled: Angles & Saxons:? ?:Central Asia to Hungary Vikings:?

Continental Europe to England,Magyars,Scandinavia To Russia

Religious wars to take back the holy land:

Crusades

Aeschylus & Sophocles are known for what? Who is known for Poetry? Thucydides & Herodotus are known for what? Who is known for Sculptures? Socrates,Aristotle,& Plato are known for what? Euclid & Pythagoras are know for what? Archimedes & Hippocrates are known for what?

Drama,Homer,History,Phidias,Philosophy,Mathematics,Science

What sea separates Japan from China?

East China Sea

Identify the Impact of the Bubonic Plague on Western Europe: ? In population. Scarcity of ?. Towns freed from ? Obligations. Decline of ? Influence. ? Of trade.

Decrease,Labor,Feudal,Church,Disruption

dentify the Impact of the Bubonic Plague on Western Europe: ? In population. Scarcity of ?. Towns freed from ? Obligations. Decline of ? Influence. ? Of trade.

Decrease,Labor,Feudal,Church,Disruption

What were some Contributions & Achievements made by the Islamic Empire ?Architecture (EX. ? of the rock). Mosaics ? Alphabet. Universities. Translation of ancient ? into Arabic. ? Numerals (ADapted from India,Including zero). Algebra. MEdicine. ? Of geographic Knowledge

Dome,Arabic,Texts,Arabic,Expansion

What are the 3 types of Columns?

Doric,Corinthian,Ionic

How did the caste System Influence Indian Society?

Employment,education,mobility,politics

What 4 nation states Emerged during the Middle ages?

England,France,Spain,Russia

What type of Government does Pericles Support in which most adult males had an equal voice in Athens?

Extended Democracy

Trade goods: ? From West Africa. ? From lands around the Indian Ocean. ? From India,China,the Middle east,& Later Europe. ? From China & Persia. ? From the Baltic Region.

Gold,Spices,Textiles,Poreclain,Amber

Where is the Parthenon located?

Greece

The Byzantine Empire Preserved the Tradition of what 2 Cultures?

Greek & Roman

What is Being Self-Sufficient?

Having the ability to survive on your own

Represents Marriage & birth; Queen of all Gods & Goddesses:? Represents music & the sun:? Represents the Hunt & Fidelity:? Represents wisdom & war:? Represents love & Beauty:? Leader of all Greek Gods & Goddesses:?

Hera,Apollo,Artemis,Athena,Aphrodite,Zeus

What 2 mountain ranges provide a physical barrier to the north of india?

Himalayas and Hindu Kush

what does the Khyber Pass lie on?

Hindu Kush

What is the Dominant religion of India today?

Hinduism

Who wrote the Illad & The Odyssey?

Homer

What are the 2 houses of Parliament?

House of Commons and House of Lords

Describe France as a Nation-State. ? established the French Throne in ? & his dynasty gradually expanded their control over most of France. The ? years war Between ? & France Helped define France as a ?.? of Arc was a unifying factor.

Hugh Capet,Paris,100,England,Nation,Joan

Who wrote the Republic?

Plato

Where are Mosaics typically located in the empire?

In public & Religious Structures

Name the civilization located by Machu Picchu?

Incas

Who introduced Caste system to Indian Society?

Indo-Aryans

Classical Indian civilization began around what 2 river valleys?

Indus & Nile

Explain the Evolution of Russia into a Nation-State: ? the great threw off the rule of the Mongols,? power in Moscow,& ? the Russian Nation. ? Was centralized in the hands of the ?. The ? Church influenced Unification.

Ivan,Centralized,Expanded,Power,Tsar,Orthodox

Christianity comes from what religion?

Judaism

Who builds the Hagia Sophia in 532 CE?

Justinian

Who creates the law code of the Byzantine Empire?

Justinian

Constantine is known for two major changes in history. Provide both.

Makes the Christian Religion legal. Moves the capital.

Who was uneducated during the Middle ages?

Masses

Name the civilization represented by Chichen Itza:

Mayans

Describe the Spartan Society:

Militaristic & Aggresive

Where was the St. Basil's Cathedral built?

Moscow (Third rome)

Who is the founder & Prophet of Islam?

Muhammad

What 2 early civilizations arose in the Indus river valley?

Narmada & Ganges

What emerges during the middle ages as Monarchies Seek to consolidate power?

Nation-States

Where was the Zimbabwe civilization located?

Near zambezi & Limpopo rivers

Identify the effects of the Crusaders: Weakened the ? & Nobles;Strengthened ?. Stimulated ? Throughout the Med Basin & The ? East. Left a legacy of bitterness among Christians,?,& Muslims. Weakened the ? Empire.

Pope,Monarchs,Trade,Middle,Jews,Byzantine

What type of government did the city-state of Sparta have?How many people is it ruled by?

Oligarchy,2

Eastern church: Also known as what? Centered in ? Close to seat of ? After Constantinople became Capital. Use of ? Language in liturgy.

Orthodox Church,Constantinople,Patriarch,Greek

Constantinople was the center of the Byzantine Empire until conquered by who in 1453 C.E?

Ottoman

Put these is order from first to last:Golden age of PEricles,Pelop. War,Persian wars,Macedonian conquests of Greece.

PErsian wars,Golden age of Pericles,Pelop. war,Macedonian conquests of Greece

What building was made for Athena?

Parthenon

What war was fought between Athens/Delian League & Sparta/Peloponessian League?

Peloponnesian War

Who is the leader of Athens after the Persian wars?

Pericles

As A result to the Peloponnesian War,who will conquer Greece & Return it to a Monarchy?

Philip II

What is the Holy text for Islam?

Quran (Koran)

Ways Hinduism & Buddhism are similar?

Reincarnation & Karma

Reference to Ideas: Spread of ? Across the Hemisphere. ? From China to Korea & Japan. ? & Buddhism From India to Southeast Asia. ? Into West Africa,Central & Southeast Asia. ? & Paper Money from China.

Religions,Buddhism,Hinduism,Islam,Printing

Western Church: Also know as what? Farther from seat of power after ? became Capital. Use of ? language in liturgy.

Roman Catholic Church,Pope,Latin

Where is the Pantheon Located?

Rome

What 2 Products were the most important to Trans-Saharan Trade?

Salt & Gold

What 2 religions coexist in Japan?

Shinto and Buddhism

This religion believes in a divine source of power that can be found wherever,as well as belief in many gods.

Shintoism

The city of ? was the center of trade & Learning.

Timbuktu

How is Hellenistic Culture Spread?

Trade

How were important economic,cultural,& Religious influences brought to African Civilizations?

Trade

How did the Byzantine Culture influence Eastern Europe & Russia? ? Routes between Black sea & Baltic Sea. Adoption of ? Christianity by Russia & much of Eastern Europe. Adoption of ? Alphabet by St. Cyril. Church architecture & ? Art.

Trade,Orthodox,Cyrillic,Mosaic

What is the name of the Roman laws?

Twelve Tables

What were the key events of the Crusades? Pope ? speech. The capture of ?. Founding of Crusader states. Loss of Jerusalem to ?. Sack of ? By Western Crusaders.

Urbans,Jerusalem,Saladin,Constantinople

List THREE barbarian tribes that led attacks on the Romans:

Visigoths,Huns,Vandals

They spoke Latin,believed christ was god,& looked to the pope for leadership. This is describing which church?

Western Catholic Church

Describe England as a Nation-State: ? The conqueror,leader of the ? conquest,united most of England. ? Law had its beginnings during the reign of ?. King John signed the ?,Limiting the Kings power. The ? years war between England & ? helped define England as a ?.Evolution of ?.

William,Norman,Common,Conquest,Magna Carta,100,France,Nation,Parliament