Sociology Chapter 8

A person who starts as a carpenter's apprentice and works her way up to owning her own construction company has experienced ____________.

intragenerational mobility.

Donald Trump, Bill Gates, and Ronald Reagan are examples of individuals who fit into this social class.

lower-upper class

More prestigious occupations require

more formal education than low prestige occupations.

In a/n _____ stratification system, a person has the ability to change social positions if s/he can achieve it.

open

The United States is an example of a/n

open stratification system.

Unlike income, wealth can be

passed on to the next generation

The respect, recognition, or regard attached to a social position is called

prestige

In this system of closed social stratification, some individuals own other individuals.

slavery

A group of people who have similar social standing based on wealth, property, education, power, and/or prestige is called a/n

social class.

The hierarchical ranking of people who have different access to valued resources is referred to as

social stratification.

Identify which social class the following description illustrates: Approximately 1% of the American population fits into this social class. Often, these individuals inherited their wealth.

upper-upper class

Sociologists use which of the following dimensions as indicators of social stratification?

wealth

Raymond earns $58,000 annually at his full-time job. This salary is part of Raymond's

wealth.

The Gray family owns several large pieces of land in the country. The land that they own is part of the Gray family's

wealth.

Identify the correct order of Indian castes (from highest to lowest):

Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras, Dalits

Unlike income, wealth is typically

cumulative.

A college professor is higher on the prestige scale that which of the following occupations?

dentist

Bill Gates earns both a salary and dividends on his stocks. Bill's dividends and salary make up his

income.

While the U.S. economy has expanded since the late 1960s, income inequality has

increased

India outlawed the caste system in _____, but caste divisions are still deeply embedded in the culture.

1949

In the U.S., the top one percent of U.S. households has _____ of all wealth.

36%

In a/n _____ stratification system, a person's ability to change social positions is limited and often based on gender or race.

closed

In open stratification systems, social classes are based on _____ statuses.

achieved

In this system of closed social stratification, a person's status is determined at birth.

caste

In _____ slavery, people are bought and sold as commodities.

chattel